Leo Korthofopleidingen 1 Name of the trainer, Leo Korthof 4 kids, Woerden, Teacher VCA, shovel, minigraver, heftruck, reachtruck, trekker, werkvloertrainer, assessor Facebook

Leo Korthofopleidingen2 Classes of Commonly-Used Powered Industrial Trucks

Leo Korthofopleidingen 3 The Industrial Truck Association has placed powered industrial trucks into 7 classes Class I - Electric motor rider trucks Class II - Electric motor narrow aisle trucks Class III - Electric motor hand trucks or hand/rider trucks Class IV - Internal combustion engine trucks (solid/cushion tires) Class V - Internal combustion engine trucks (pneumatic tires) Class VI - Electric and internal combustion engine tractors Class VII - Rough terrain forklift trucks * Note that this classification refers to commonly-used vehicles and does not include all powered industrial trucks covered by the OSHA standard.

Leo Korthofopleidingen 4 Class I - Electric Motor Rider Trucks Counterbalanced rider type, stand up Three wheel electric trucks, sit-down Counterbalanced rider type, cushion tires, sit-down (high and low platform) Counterbalanced rider, pneumatic tire, sit-down (high and low platform)

Leo Korthofopleidingen 5 Class I - Electric Motor Rider Trucks

Leo Korthofopleidingen 6 Class I - Electric Motor Rider Trucks Counterbalanced Rider Type, Stand- Up

Leo Korthofopleidingen 7 Class II - Electric Motor Narrow Aisle Trucks High lift straddle Order picker Reach type outrigger Side loaders, turret trucks, swing mast and convertible turret/stock pickers Low lift pallet and platform (rider)

Leo Korthofopleidingen 8 Class II - Electric Motor Narrow Aisle Trucks

Leo Korthofopleidingen 9 Class II - Narrow Aisle Trucks

Leo Korthofopleidingen 10 Class III - Electric Motor Hand or Hand/Rider Trucks Low lift platform Low lift walkie pallet Reach type outrigger High lift straddle High lift counterbalanced Low lift walkie/rider pallet

Leo Korthofopleidingen 11 Class III - Electric Motor Hand or Hand/Rider Trucks

Leo Korthofopleidingen 12 Class III - Hand & Hand/Rider Trucks

Leo Korthofopleidingen 13 Class IV - Internal Combustion Engine Trucks - Cushion (Solid) Tires Fork, counterbalanced (cushion/solid tires)

Leo Korthofopleidingen 14 Class IV - Internal Combustion Engine Trucks - Cushion (Solid) Tires

Leo Korthofopleidingen 15 Class V - Internal Combustion Engine Trucks - Pneumatic Tires Fork, counterbalanced (pneumatic tires)

Leo Korthofopleidingen 16 Class V - Internal Combustion Engine Trucks (Pneumatic Tires)

Leo Korthofopleidingen 17 Class VI - Electric & Internal Combustion Engine Tractors Sit-down rider

Leo Korthofopleidingen 18 Class VII - Rough Terrain Forklift Trucks Straight-mast forklift Extended-reach forklift All rough terrain forklift trucks

Leo Korthofopleidingen 19 Rough Terrain Straight Mast Forklifts

Leo Korthofopleidingen 20 Rough Terrain Extended-Reach Forklifts

Leo Korthofopleidingen 21 Some Types of Powered Industrial Trucks Used in Maritime Container top handlers Container reach stackers Straddle carriers Semi-tractors/ Utility vehicles Sidehandlers Combination vacuum lifts Yard tractors n The following types of vehicles are covered by the OSHA standard if the vehicles carry, push, pull, lift, or tier loads.

Leo Korthofopleidingen 22 Powered Industrial Trucks Used in Maritime Container Handlers

Leo Korthofopleidingen 23 Powered Industrial Trucks Used in Maritime Empty-Container Handler

Leo Korthofopleidingen 24 Powered Industrial Trucks Used in Maritime Container Reach Stacker

Leo Korthofopleidingen 25 Powered Industrial Trucks Used in Maritime Straddle Carriers

Leo Korthofopleidingen 26 Powered Industrial Trucks Used in Maritime Yard Tractor

Leo Korthofopleidingen 27 Operating a Lift Truck Preoperation Inspection Operating a Lift Truck Loading/Unloading Traveling Ramps and Railroads Docks Parking Battery Charging

Leo Korthofopleidingen 28 Preoperation Inspection It is your responsibility to make sure your forklift functions properly It requires preoperation inspections You must be sure equipment is maintained

Leo Korthofopleidingen 29 Walk Around Forklift properly disengaged Forks down, key off, neutral gear, parking brake on Left/right side Tire condition, tight lug nuts, no debris around axle, overhead guard is solid, no debris behind the mast Front Forks in good shape, fork pins in place, backrest solid, mast & chains greased, hoses in good shape Rear Counterbalance bolt is tight, radiator clear of debris

Leo Korthofopleidingen 30 In the Seat Nonmoving checks Gauges, lights, horn, back-up alarm, blinking warning light, operate the tilt & lift mechanism, check the parking brake Moving checks Put on the seat belt, check the running brakes, check the steering Look for oil or water leaks on the floor

Leo Korthofopleidingen 31 Operating a Lift Truck

Leo Korthofopleidingen 32 Operating a Lift Truck Only trained, authorized operators Immediately report forklift-related accidents Seat belts must always be worn No person should stand under elevated portion of lift truck Forklift controls operated only from driver’s seat Never block exits or emergency equipment Smoking is not permitted

Leo Korthofopleidingen 33 Loading/Unloading Before raising a load, understand: Approximate weight of the load Location of the load’s center of gravity Inspect load for stability, projections, damaged pallets before lifting Restack unstable loads Never place weight on the back of a lift truck to increase its capacity Towing always done from rear towing pin

Leo Korthofopleidingen 34 Traveling Always look in the direction of travel Keep body inside the cage When moving, the mast must not be raised Sound the horn Operate at safe speeds When turning, watch rear end swing Clearance under overhead installations

Leo Korthofopleidingen 35 Traveling Avoid loose objects or holes If load blocks view, travel in reverse Never carry passengers Pedestrians always have the right-of-way Safe distance from edge of ramps or docks Never eat or drink No stunt driving or horseplay

Leo Korthofopleidingen 36 Ramps and Railroads Never turn on a ramp On ramps the load should be upgrade Ascend or descend ramps slowly Railroad tracks are crossed diagonally Never park within 8 feet of the center of railroad tracks

Leo Korthofopleidingen 37 Docks Inspect the dock plate Check the trailer floor condition Trailer wheels are chocked Nose of the trailer is supported by the tractor or a fixed jack

Leo Korthofopleidingen 38 Parking Lower the forks Set gear to neutral Set the parking brake Turn off the key

Leo Korthofopleidingen 39 Propane Refueling Propane is a combustible, compressed gas Propane leaks are detected by: Distinct odor Hissing sound Frost on fittings PPE: gloves, safety glasses

Leo Korthofopleidingen 40 Battery Charging Inspect battery connectors for damage No smoking in battery-charging area Immediately clean up electrolyte spills PPE includes face mask, acid-resistant gloves, and an apron

Leo Korthofopleidingen 41 The forklifttruck

Leo Korthofopleidingen 42 Components of a Forklift Truck* *One of the most common types of powered industrial trucks Blz 19

Leo Korthofopleidingen 43 Forkliftmast Mast The mast is the vertical assembly responsible for lowering or raising a load. A forklift mast is made up of interlocking rails necessary to provide lateral stability. These rails are guided by rollers or bushings. Hydraulics Forklift masts consist of metal plates used to move materials and are hydraulically driven. Hydraulics refers to the transmission of power via the use of pressurized fluid --- in this case, oil. Hydraulic cylinders that link directly to the forklift motor drive the mast, enabling it to lift, lower or tilt a load. The pressurized oil drives the cylinder piston to move in strokes, or linear motion. The mast is typically operated via a lever in the cab, or the area in the forklift used to house the operator and forklift control components

Leo Korthofopleidingen 44 How a Forklift Mast Works single mast Mast with 2 parts Mast with 3 parts

Leo Korthofopleidingen 45 Filmpje 2 delige mast

Leo Korthofopleidingen 46 Filmpje 3 delige mast

Leo Korthofopleidingen 47 Verschillende hoogtes. Hefhoogte = maximum forkhight maximale heffing van de vorken boven de vloer Afzethoogte= max.height to pick up and/or put down loads =Maximale hefhoogte – 25 cm Vrije hefhoogte= freelift of freelift, vrije werkruimte zonder uitschuiven van de mast Doorrijhoogte= Driving hight Hoogste punt van mast of kooi met de last of lege vorken op 15 cm van de grond. Bouwhoogte= Overall height is het hoogste punt van de truck met de vorken op de grond. Page 21

Leo Korthofopleidingen 48 Lastdiagram Korte omschrijving Op een heftruck moeten een typeplaat en een werklastdiagram aanwezig zijn op een plaats waar ze voor de heftruckchauffeur duidelijk en afleesbaar zichtbaar zijn. Bij het heffen van lasten spelen onderstaande zaken een rol: Totale hoogte van de uitgeschoven hefmast Maximale vorkhoogte Totale hoogte ingeschoven hefmast Maximale vrije heffing Gewichtsverdeling en de afmetingen van een last

Leo Korthofopleidingen 49 Stability of Powered Industrial Trucks Definitions General Basic Principles Stability Triangle Longitudinal Stability Lateral Stability Dynamic Stability

Leo Korthofopleidingen 50 A B C Vehicle Center of Gravity (Unloaded) Center of Gravity of Vehicle and Maximum Load (Theoretical) Stability Triangle - Figure 1 Notes: 1.When the vehicle is loaded, the combined center of gravity (CG) shifts toward line B-C. Theoretically the maximum load will result in the CG at the line B-C. In actual practice, the combined CG should never be at line B-C. 2.The addition of additional counterweight will cause the truck CG to shift toward point A and result in a truck that is less stable laterally. Page 25

Leo Korthofopleidingen 51 Load CG Vertical Stability Line (Line of Action) Combined CG Truck CG Load CG Combined CG Vertical Stability Line (Line of Action) Truck CG The vehicle is stable This vehicle is unstable and will continue to tip over Stability Triangle - Figure 2

Leo Korthofopleidingen 52 Center of Gravity Balance point 48” A B 20”40” Distance from the edge of the item to the item’s center of gravity

Leo Korthofopleidingen 53 Load Center Distance from vertical face of the forks to the load’s center of gravity A: Load center = 24" B: Load center = 40" 80” B 48”” A 1 inch = 100 lbs Important reason for keeping the load resting against the vertical face of forks

Leo Korthofopleidingen 54 Combined Actions Center of gravity moves side to side Center of gravity moves forward Center of gravity moves backward to the thin portion of the triangle

Leo Korthofopleidingen 55 Stability Triangle 3-point suspension Forklift’s center of gravity Combined center of gravity Load center beyond 24"

Leo Korthofopleidingen 56 pallets

Leo Korthofopleidingen 57 LCC Standard Load Center Lastdiagram

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Leo Korthofopleidingen 68 Claus

Leo Korthofopleidingen 69 Quiz 1.If your forklift has a rearview mirror, looking behind you is not necessary. True or False 2.Name two of the three ways to detect a propane leak: _______________, _______________ 3.Describe the four items that must be completed prior to driving your forklift into a trailer. 4.If a load blocks your vision, it is OK to raise the load while moving to see under it. True or False 5.Preoperation inspections are done only because OSHA says we have to do them.True or False

Leo Korthofopleidingen 70 Quiz (cont.) 6. Attachments reduce capacity by increasing the load center and adding weight. True or False 7.Minimum PPE items required when refueling a propane tank are ___________, ____________. 8.The most important differences between a forklift and a car are weight and steering.True or False 9.Name at least one condition that when combined with turning sharply may cause a tipover. 10.Pedestrians have the right-of-way only while in designated pedestrian lanes. True or False

Leo Korthofopleidingen 71 Quiz Answers 1.False. You must always look behind you before backing up. 2.Hissing sound, distinct odor, or frost on fittings. 3.Chock the wheels, support the nose of the trailer, inspect the dock plate, check the trailer floor. 4.False. Never drive with the load up. Drive in reverse when the load obstructs forward vision. 5.False. Inspections are also done so that the operator can prevent mechanical failure accidents and because the company needs to prove compliance with OSHA’s requirement.

Leo Korthofopleidingen 72 Quiz Answers (cont.) 6.True. Attachments are heavy, and they cause the load center to move away from the forklift. 7.Gloves and safety glasses are the minimum PPE required. 8.True. There are many differences, but the most significant are weight and steering. 9.Hitting a pothole, carrying an off-center load, getting a flat tire, having a raised & tilted back load, or being on a ramp. 10.False. Pedestrians always have the right of way.