National Center for Higher Education Management Systems 3035 Center Green Drive, Suite 150 Boulder, Colorado Using Education to Make the Most of Communities We Call Home: Education, the Economy and Workforce Development presented to 2009 National Forum on Education Policy Nashville, TN July 10, 2009

The Pressures for Workforce Development & Increased Education Attainment Enhanced Quality of Life – the private and public benefits of postsecondary education Global competitiveness Retirement of the Baby Boomers Increasing knowledge and skill requirements within occupations Response to employment uncertainty/dislocations Slide 2

Relationship Between Educational Attainment, Personal Income, and Economic Strength Slide 3 AL AZ AR CA CO CT DE IL IN IA KY LA MD MA MS NJ NY ND OK OR SC SD UT VA WA MN NH TN TX WV WI WY $15,000 $20,000 $25,000 $30,000 15%20%25%30%35%40% Personal Income Per Capita, 2000 Percent of Adults Age with a Bachelor’s Degree or Higher MT HI AK GA KS ME NE NV NC OH PA VT ID MI MO NM RI FL US Low Income, High Educational Attainment Low Income, Low Educational Attainment High Income, High Educational Attainment High Income, Low Educational Attainment State New Economy Index (2002) Top Tier Middle Tier Low Tier

Median Earnings for Population Age by Education Attainment, 2006 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2006 American Community Survey PUMS File. Slide 4

Participation in the Workforce by Level of Education, 2006 (Percent) Source: Integrated Public Use Microdata Series 5% sample Slide 5

Increasing Levels of Education Attainment Lead to Improved Societal Outcomes Increased levels of workforce participation Decreased rates of incarceration Improved health outcomes Reduced participation in Medicaid and other social service programs Greater participation in artistic, cultural, and civic pursuits Higher levels of volunteerism and social engagement Slide 6

THE U.S. IN A GLOBAL CONTEXT 7

Differences in College Attainment (Associate & Higher) Between Younger & Older Adults—U.S. & OECD Countries, 2006 Source: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), Education at a Glance 2008 Slide 8

Percent of Adults with an Associate Degree or Higher by Age Group - U.S. & Leading OECD Countries Source: OECD, Education at a Glance 2008 Slide 9

Differences in College Attainment (Associate & Higher) Between Younger & Older Adults—U.S., 2006 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2006 American Community Survey (ACS) Slide 10

WHAT WILL IT TAKE TO CLOSE THE GAP? Slide 11

Closing the Gap – Number of Degrees Required Beyond Current Production Slide 12

Educational Attainment (Percent) Slide 13 Current, in 2025 with current degree production, and best-performing countries in 2025

Reaching Top Performance by 2025 (55%) – United States 94,510,473 31,382,831 63,127,642 40,605,747 7,045,932 15,626, , % Number of Individuals to Match Best-Performing Countries (55%) Number of Individuals (Age 25-44) Who Already Have Degrees Additional Degree Production Needed (2005 to 2025) Degrees Produced at Current Annual Rate of Production Additional Residents with College Degrees from Net Migration Additional Degrees Needed Additional Degrees Needed per Year (Currently Produce 2,135,924 in All Sectors) Increase in Annual Associate and Bachelor’s Degree Production Needed (in Public Sector Only) Slide 14

How Can the U.S. Reach International Competitiveness? Current Degree Production Combined with Population Growth and Migration and Improved Performance on the Student Pipeline Measures Pipeline Performance Is Cumulative Degrees Produced with Current Rate of Production Additional Degrees from Population Growth Additional Degrees from Net Migration of College-Educated Residents Reaching Best Performance in High School Graduation Rates by 2025 Reaching Best Performance in College-Going Rates by 2025 Reaching Best Performance in Rates of Degree Production per FTE Student Total Degrees Produced If All of the Above Degrees Needed to Meet Best Performance (55%) Source: 2005 ACS, PUMS Slide 15

The “Gap” - Difference in Annual Degrees Currently Produced and Annual Degrees Needed to Meet Benchmark Source:U.S. Census Bureau, PUMS and Population Projections, IPEDS Completions Survey Accounting for Migration U.S. = 781,301 (a 52.8% increase in the public sector) 131,749 94, ,533 North Dakota Nebraska Iowa Rhode Island Utah New York Colorado Massachusetts Slide 16

In order to reach international competitiveness by 2025, the U.S. and 32 states can’t close the gap with even best performance with traditional college students. They must rely on the re-entry pipeline – getting older adults back into the education system and on track to attaining college degrees. Even Best Performance with Traditional College-Aged Students at Each Stage of the Educational Pipeline Will Leave Gaps in More than 30 States Slide 17

WORKFORCE VS. WORKPLACE AS THE FOCUS OF ATTENTION 18

Net Migration of Residents Age with an Associate Degree or Higher, Slide 19 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2005 ACS PUMS File Missouri Oklahoma Wyoming New Mexico Alabama Rhode Island Alaska Vermont New Hampshire Mississippi Maine Arkansas Iowa West Virginia North Dakota Kansas Michigan UtahOhio Louisiana Pennsylvania Indiana 38,372

Net Migration of Residents Age with an Associate Degree or Higher, Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2005 ACS PUMS File Vermont Wyoming North Dakota Kansas Mississippi Alaska Rhode Island Indiana California Illinois Massachusetts Nebraska Ohio Louisiana New York 68, ,733 Slide 20

Higher Education’s Contributions to Economic Development 1.Research as Economic Development 2.Commercialization of research that creates new companies and jobs 3.Teaching Entrepreneurship 4.Converting research findings into problem solutions – the Scholarship of Application 5.Creating a welcoming environment for the “creative” class 6.Workforce development – Quick response to employers’ needs Slide 21