Knowledge to Shape Your Future Electric / Gas / Water Information collection, analysis and application Broadband Over Power Lines- an AMR Perspective Eric Venable Senior Application Engineer

Electric / Gas / Water Information collection, analysis and application Knowledge to Shape Your Future What is BPL? BPL is the technology which enables Broadband internet access via electrical outlets in a home or through Wi-Fi from a neighborhood transformer. It is a technology which works by injecting signals in the 2-30 MHz range in powerlines and repeating the signal after regular distance. The transformers are either bypassed by couplers or the signal is forced through the transformer.

Electric / Gas / Water Information collection, analysis and application Knowledge to Shape Your Future Who are the players? –Main.net Ameren PPL Avista ( Spokane) City of Manassas Dominion Southern Company FPL TECO PG&E –Current Technologies Cinergy Pepco Hawaiian Electric Kissimmee Power Authority –Ambient Corp Con Ed Southern Idaho Power Orange & Rockland –Amperion AEP PPL Southern Bowling Green Alliant Progress Energy TXU Hawaiian PG&E Idaho Power

Electric / Gas / Water Information collection, analysis and application Knowledge to Shape Your Future Who are the players? Other emerging players are… Corridor Systems Powercomm DS2 Mitsubishi Ascom And many others

Electric / Gas / Water Information collection, analysis and application Knowledge to Shape Your Future How does the technology work?

Electric / Gas / Water Information collection, analysis and application Knowledge to Shape Your Future How does the technology work?

Electric / Gas / Water Information collection, analysis and application Knowledge to Shape Your Future How does the technology work?

Electric / Gas / Water Information collection, analysis and application Knowledge to Shape Your Future Why are utilities interested? Utilities can offer broadband service to every home with their ubiquitous network. Broadband is the fastest growing telecom segment in United States. Utilities see a promise of various utility applications on the broadband, IP enabled network piggy riding on their electric network.

Electric / Gas / Water Information collection, analysis and application Knowledge to Shape Your Future Which utilities are piloting BPL? A LOT OF THEM

Electric / Gas / Water Information collection, analysis and application Knowledge to Shape Your Future Elements of BPL Rollout From the end user’s perspective, BPL technology works by sending high speed data along medium or low voltage power lines into the customer’s home. The signal traverses the network over medium and low voltage lines either through the transformers or by-passes the transformer using bridges or couplers. BPL technology transports data, voice and video at broadband speeds to the end-user’s connection. The user only needs to plug an electrical cord from the “BPL modem” into any electrical outlet then plug an Ethernet or USB cable into the Ethernet card or USB interface on their PC. Any Internet Service Provider (ISP) can interface with the BPL network and provide high speed Internet access. The data signal can also interconnect with wireless, fiber or other media for backhaul and last mile completion.

Electric / Gas / Water Information collection, analysis and application Knowledge to Shape Your Future Elements of a BPL Rollout

Electric / Gas / Water Information collection, analysis and application Knowledge to Shape Your Future Who is pushing for BPL? FCC Needs multiple means to provide broadband access to all US. Supporting other new broadband technologies as well. BPL Vendors Strong marketing of trials. Almost all are VC funded – currently well funded. Utilities Some utilities have strong financial stake in the BPL vendors.

Electric / Gas / Water Information collection, analysis and application Knowledge to Shape Your Future Challenges for BPL Economic model is still somewhat unproven. –Current capex numbers for BPL infrastructure are $150 per home passed on an average. Some utilities may consider this high and not be willing to spend this money. –The issue of BPL being a part of regulated side or business or the non regulated side is very complex. Needs regulatory assurances. Technology will need more testing. –Testing for manufacturability, reliability Business models are complex. The low risk models can contain regulatory risks. The technology is not future proof. This is a deterrent to utilities.

Electric / Gas / Water Information collection, analysis and application Knowledge to Shape Your Future Challenges for BPL Radio interference, if large scale, may shut off the technology very quickly. Utility applications hold lot of promise- but most experts agree that utility applications should not be the basis of a successful business model – broadband internet access should be the basis. Consumer premise equipment is still not cheap. It is unknown if these equipments will follow the price roadmap of other competing wireless broadband technologies. Other competing wireless broadband technologies have great promise and big backers. –Wimax ( Supported by Intel, IBM )

Electric / Gas / Water Information collection, analysis and application Knowledge to Shape Your Future Regulatory Issues Regulators want to treat this business as just another Telecom business ( same taxes etc.) –This will seriously hurt the business case. VOIP is one of the many bones of contention. –Should BPL guarantee a 911 call? –Common Carrier issues. –Does utility want to go in that debate? If utility benefits are to be accrued, then regulators want to make sure that none of the rate cases include this investment. Use of poles – other broadband users want the BPL model to pay the same rent as they do for hanging BPL stuff on poles ( around transformers).

Electric / Gas / Water Information collection, analysis and application Knowledge to Shape Your Future BPL & AMR Technically feasible. Several ways of achieving it… –IP addressable meter Sensus Icon with mu net Comverge Others –BPL modem equipped meter –BPL as a backhaul Currently only Electric AMR being talked about. All consultants state that AMR on BPL is not a low hanging fruit. –Outage Management is considered a low hanging fruit.

Electric / Gas / Water Information collection, analysis and application Knowledge to Shape Your Future BPL & AMR: Scenario 1 There are three ways Meter can be coupled with BPL for AMR purposes. BPL Modem in Consumer Premises IP Network Address Translator (NAT) IP Addressable Electric Meter

Electric / Gas / Water Information collection, analysis and application Knowledge to Shape Your Future Scenario 1 : Option 1 The customer subscribes to Utilities BPL service. Utility provides an IP addressable electric meter and a NAT. Price to utility –$______ for an IP addressable solid state meter + BPL Modem & NAT –Overall capex per customer: $150 + $______ = $??? per customer Assumptions: – 100% customers will choose to take the utility’s BPL offering –If not, add another $100 for a BPL modem Other issues include –Nobody today has a reliable, ANSI approved $_____ meter with IP addressable capability. –BPL modems are typically indoor devices. They have not been ruggedized to work for long times. –Possible wiring needs from the meter to NAT. –This will assume that utility goes all out to deploy BPL in all its territory. –Rural customers, meters in the middle of nowhere will need some technology support. –Cost of per home passed is very high for long feeders. –Issues of repeater maintenance. –For the meter to be addressed two way, utility may need a fixed IP address. There are higher costs associated with it.

Electric / Gas / Water Information collection, analysis and application Knowledge to Shape Your Future Scenario 1: Option 2 Utility chooses to install a BPL modem for AMR purposes alone (assuming the customer does not subscribe to utility’s BPL service) and an IP addressable meter. Add another ~$100 for a BPL modem to the cost, so the total capex of AMR per Electric meter…. >$250

Electric / Gas / Water Information collection, analysis and application Knowledge to Shape Your Future Scenario 1: Option 3 Utility may choose a Wi-Fi based BPL and installs a Wi-Fi Based Electric Meter. No Wi Fi enabled electric meter available. Cost! Have been some talk about the chances of developing a meter with a Wi-Fi capability.

Electric / Gas / Water Information collection, analysis and application Knowledge to Shape Your Future BPL & AMR: Scenario 2 Solid State Electric meter with an internal BPL modem. Current estimates for cost of such a meter -- ??? Capex cost of BPL per home passed remains ($150 per home passed).

Electric / Gas / Water Information collection, analysis and application Knowledge to Shape Your Future BPL and AMR: Scenario 3 Use BPL as a backhaul option for the CCU in a fixed network environment. Trials are on : –City of Bowling Green (with Amperion) –ConEd (possibly) The advantages include: –Solution for Gas, Electric and water utilities. –No need to develop new endpoints.

Electric / Gas / Water Information collection, analysis and application Knowledge to Shape Your Future Pros and Cons of BPL Pros –Provides new revenue source. –Utilizes utility core assets. –Provides AMR, power quality and other AMR-related services. –BPL has worked on small scales and even utilities who have tested it say they’re confident it will work in large rollouts. Cons –Not a core service –Technology not quite proven in a large roll-out. –High cost. –Competitive environment that includes corporate giants such as AT&T.

Electric / Gas / Water Information collection, analysis and application Knowledge to Shape Your Future Conclusion BPL will be a niche Broadband Access technology – most probably in the semi-urban towns. The technology is under close market scrutiny for its ability to support a successful business model. Some utilities may delay their AMR decision with a hope of using BPL one day. You need to keep our ear on the ground for meter manufacturers planning to offer BPL enabled solutions. “ BPL has the potential to become the most ubiquitous broadband network available. ” Michael Powell, FCC Chairman

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