The Reformation Continues Section 1-4

New Protestants Emerge Huldrych ZwingliHuldrych Zwingli John CalvinJohn Calvin PresbyteriansPresbyterians Catholic ReformersCatholic Reformers AnabaptistsAnabaptists

Zwingli A Swedish Catholic priest who called for reforms in the ChurchA Swedish Catholic priest who called for reforms in the Church He said that believers should have more control over the church and that faith should be on a more personal levelHe said that believers should have more control over the church and that faith should be on a more personal level

John Calvin Published Institutes of the Christian Religion-a summary of Protestant theologyPublished Institutes of the Christian Religion-a summary of Protestant theology He believed in predestination-the ideas that God predetermined who would be saved and who wouldn’tHe believed in predestination-the ideas that God predetermined who would be saved and who wouldn’t He founded CalvinismHe founded Calvinism He believed in a theocracy-a gov’t controlled by religious leadersHe believed in a theocracy-a gov’t controlled by religious leaders

Presbyterians Calvinism modified by John KnoxCalvinism modified by John Knox Each community church was governed by a group of laymen called eldersEach community church was governed by a group of laymen called elders Knox and Protestant nobles made Calvinism Scotland’s official religionKnox and Protestant nobles made Calvinism Scotland’s official religion

Anabaptists This group believed that people who were baptized as children should be re-baptized as adultsThis group believed that people who were baptized as children should be re-baptized as adults They taught that church and state should be separateThey taught that church and state should be separate

Women’s Role in the Reformation Noble women played a prominent role in the reformationNoble women played a prominent role in the reformation They did things like protecting Protestant leaders (Calvin) and taking care of the finances of othersThey did things like protecting Protestant leaders (Calvin) and taking care of the finances of others

The Catholic Reformation In response to the success of Protestant religions Catholic church leaders began reforms of their ownIn response to the success of Protestant religions Catholic church leaders began reforms of their own They wanted to fix the problems that caused people to leave the Catholic churchThey wanted to fix the problems that caused people to leave the Catholic church

Ignatius of Loyola A Catholic Reformer who was responsible for the creation of the JesuitsA Catholic Reformer who was responsible for the creation of the Jesuits Jesuits focused 3 thingsJesuits focused 3 things –Founding schools in Euro –Convert non-Christians to Catholicism –Stop the spread of Protestantism

Catholics Respond At the Council of Trent Catholic cardinals and bishops on several doctrines.At the Council of Trent Catholic cardinals and bishops on several doctrines. –The church’s interpretation of the Bible was final –Christians needed faith and good works for salvation –The Bible and church tradition were equally powerful authorities –Indulgences were valid but false selling of them were banned

Religious and Social Effects of the Reformation New dominations were created (Baptists, Anabaptists, Calvinists etc…)New dominations were created (Baptists, Anabaptists, Calvinists etc…) The Catholic Church was more unifiedThe Catholic Church was more unified Many religious figures put an emphasis on educationMany religious figures put an emphasis on education

Political Effects of the Reformation The problems within the Christian religion opened the door for monarchs to seize more power for themselvesThe problems within the Christian religion opened the door for monarchs to seize more power for themselves The questioning of beliefs and authority paved the way for the EnlightenmentThe questioning of beliefs and authority paved the way for the Enlightenment