The rise and rule of Joseph Stalin A background to George Orwell’s work.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
id4uY. Logan Barnes Ricky Diao Doug Wainwright Harrison Scott.
Advertisements

George Orwell’s Life and Times and how they shaped his anti-totalitarian message.
Chapter 15 – Revolution in Russia
The Russian Revolution and the Major Players
Homework Reading about Mussolini Answer all questions DO IT!
Russian Revolution. Russian Government Before Revolution Monarchy: The Czar (Tsar) Until 1905 the Tsar's powers were unlimited. Russia had no constitution,
Background Information
RISE OF STALIN.
THE RUSSIAN REVOLUTION. Review Central Power Advantages: Geography, Quicker Action, Better Training Allied Power Advantages: More Soldiers, Greater Industrialization,
Russian Revolution 1917 Russia becomes a Communist State.
Terms 1. Lenin 2. Stalin 3. Trotsky 4. Five Year Plans 5. command economy What did Stalin’s Soviet Union look like? Terms 6. collective farms 7. Kulaks.
Animal Farm Historical Background The Russian Revolution.
ANIMAL FARM. CZAR NICHOLAS A poor leader, at best, when compared to western leaders Cruel – sometimes brutal with opponents Kind – sometimes hired poor.
About the Author … George Orwell’s real name is Eric Blair.
The Russian Revolution Mr. Bach Accelerated World History.
Animal Farm by George Orwell
Animal Farm by. George Orwell. Animal Farm is a… 1. Fable - has two levels of meaning. On the surface, the fable is about animals. But on a second level,
Background Information on Animal Farm. George Orwell ( ) Pen name of Eric Blair Pen name of Eric Blair Grew up in British India Grew up in British.
CHANGES IN RUSSIA Why 1917 is an important date. An Allied Nation ► Russia was fighting for the allied Powers during WWI, but had to drop out. Why ? 
The Parallels Between Animal Farm and the Russian Revolution.
Animal Farm George Orwell.
WWI The Spanish Civil War The Russian Revolution Nazi Germany Fascist Italy WWII.
The Russian Revolution WWII. Aftermath of WWI  There was widespread famine and economic collapse.  People didn’t want a war or a monarchy under.
Good Afternoon!!!! 1.NVC 2.Wrap Up Russian Revolution(s) 3.Totalitarianism: The Rise of Stalin Essential Question: What kind of leader was Joseph Stalin.
“Nineteen Eighty Four”, by George Orwell An Introduction.
©2009, TESCCC World History, Unit 10, Lesson 2 The Soviet Union Under Stalin Unit 10: The Rise of Totalitarianism and World War II Lesson 2.
C P POSe POSp All animals are equal, but some are more equal than others. from George Orwell’s Animal Farm Journal 21 Title: 4-Level Analysis.
Joseph Stalin The Bolshevik Czar. Early Life Born in Georgia in 1879 to peasant couple and died in march 1953 Father was poor, violent alcoholic Family.
 What were Mussolini’s main goals for Italy?  What were his weaknesses?
RUSSIA: WORLD’S FIRST COMMUNIST STATE. Russian Revolution read pages and complete an outline.
Russian Revolution German Philosopher - Karl Marx.
Chapter 28: The Russian Revolution
The Russian Revolution pt II Lecture From Lenin to Stalin Lecture Notes.
1 The Russian Revolution. Introduction The Russian Revolution was like a firecracker with a very long fuse. The explosion came in 1917, yet the fuse had.
Roots of the Revolution Geography of Russia: –Huge-hard to control all –Population/Ethnic groups –Climate-affects economy Food shortages: –Suffered back.
THE SOVIET UNION Chapter 29 Section 4.
George Orwell Eric Arthur Blair
One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich
Russian Revolution. Russian Government Before Revolution Monarchy: The Czar (Tsar) Until 1905 the Tsar's powers were unlimited. Russia had no constitution,
Weirmar Republic (democratically elected after WW1) was never effective Treaty of Versailles was restrictive, harsh and punishing Weirmar Gov’t printed.
Animal Farm by George Orwell Part 2. Videos The Romanovs Finding the Romanovs Frozen to Death: Siberian Gulags Stalin’s Death Camps Stalin’s Purges.
Karl Marx Created the Basis of Communism Called for revolution in the name of EQUALITY ! Classless society.
Friday 4/4/14 RAP 1.What was the NEP? Who started it? 2.What was the Five Year Plan? Who started it? 3.Which leader, Lenin or Stalin, do you think was.
Totalitarianism.
The Russian Revolution How the USSR was created..
{ George Orwell The life and times of a political writer.
THE SOVIET UNION Chapter 29 Section 4. What did Lenin accomplish? (Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov) Nationalization – all major industries under state control.
Hmmm. I think I was a little out of it Yesterday. On reflection, I wonder if it made any sense?
1984. The life of George Orwell Eric Arthur Blair was born in India and educated in England. He did not have the money to attend college. He returned.
Animal Farm By George Orwell.
The Russian Revolution russiablog.org. Nicholas II The last Czar of Russia Romanov dynasty Was an absolute monarch Was harsh to those who disagreed with.
More Than a Fairy Tale The Russian Revolution and George Orwell’s Animal Farm.
Chapter 9 Section 2 THE RISE OF DICTATORIAL REGIMES.
George Orwell Childhood Eric Arthur Blair was born in 1903 in India His father Richard held a post as an agent in the Opium Department of the.
A satire of totalitarian governments.  Things are about to get a little strange on Manor Farm, so prepare yourself.
9.2 Notes: Part III Objective: Describe how Lenin and Stalin create a totalitarian Russia.
9.2 Notes: Part III Objective: Describe how Lenin and Stalin create a totalitarian Russia.
Animal Farm By George Orwell
Nationalism and Revolution around the world
( ).
Russian Revolution Element: Determine the causes and results of the Russian Revolution from the rise of the Bolsheviks under Lenin to Stalin’s first Five.
A Satire/Allegory on the Russian Revolution
What impact did Vladimir Lenin have on Russia?
Russian Revolution.
Animal Farm By George Orwell.
A rhetorical study of: George Orwell’s “Animal Farm” …who is George Orwell, why is the novel poignant, and what basic background “stuff” to know.
Animal farm By George orwell.
From Russia to the USSR State Standard W.42: Compare the connection between economic and political policies, the absence of a free press, and systematic.
Animal Farm By George Orwell
Russian Revolution Element: Determine the causes and results of the Russian Revolution from the rise of the Bolsheviks under Lenin to Stalin’s first Five.
Presentation transcript:

The rise and rule of Joseph Stalin A background to George Orwell’s work

Karl Marx (May 1818-March 1883)

Marxism Marx – father of socialist ideas; sees the world through purely economic lens Marx – father of socialist ideas; sees the world through purely economic lens 1848, The Communist Manifesto 1848, The Communist Manifesto Capitalism is oppressing the common worker Capitalism is oppressing the common worker Goal is to make $ and grows unchecked Goal is to make $ and grows unchecked Industry will eventually become a large conglomerate, further oppressing the worker Industry will eventually become a large conglomerate, further oppressing the worker

Marxism, cont. As a result of unchecked capitalism: As a result of unchecked capitalism: Workers will revolt, est. a TEMPORARY dictatorship Workers will revolt, est. a TEMPORARY dictatorship Dictatorship dissolve businesses, return assets to the workers Dictatorship dissolve businesses, return assets to the workers Once worker has control, needs addressed, dictatorship dissolve as no longer need gov’t structures Once worker has control, needs addressed, dictatorship dissolve as no longer need gov’t structures

The problem with Marxism Marx does not account for the dramatic change in the change in working conditions, etc. as a result of advocacy (trust busting, unionization, labor reform, etc.) Marx does not account for the dramatic change in the change in working conditions, etc. as a result of advocacy (trust busting, unionization, labor reform, etc.) Also does not account for the human desire for power, control Also does not account for the human desire for power, control When you are a dictator, why would you give up the power??? When you are a dictator, why would you give up the power???

Vladimir Lenin (April 1870 – January 1924)

The rise of Lenin Lenin takes the theoretical ideas of Marx and turns them into a political movement Lenin takes the theoretical ideas of Marx and turns them into a political movement Exiled by Tsar Nicholas for political activism – returns to Russia after 1917 Revolution Exiled by Tsar Nicholas for political activism – returns to Russia after 1917 Revolution Leader of the Bolshevik Party which takes over after Revolution, creating socialist state Leader of the Bolshevik Party which takes over after Revolution, creating socialist state Social reforms include: nationalizing industry, providing healthcare, providing education Social reforms include: nationalizing industry, providing healthcare, providing education

Trotsky vs. Stalin

The beginning Leon Trotsky and Joseph Stalin were both protégés of Lenin Leon Trotsky and Joseph Stalin were both protégés of Lenin Trotsky was leader of the military and Stalin was Bolshevik Party Secretary Trotsky was leader of the military and Stalin was Bolshevik Party Secretary Trotsky, more moderate. Saw duty to spread communism to the world Trotsky, more moderate. Saw duty to spread communism to the world Stalin wanted strong communist state, which included the limitation of freedoms, rights – too Western Stalin wanted strong communist state, which included the limitation of freedoms, rights – too Western

Death of Lenin, rise of Stalin Lenin dies in 1924 Lenin dies in 1924 Secretly selected Trotsky as his successor as Lenin felt Stalin was too violent Secretly selected Trotsky as his successor as Lenin felt Stalin was too violent Stalin raises the party against Trotsky and has Trotsky exiled to Mexico in 1927 Stalin raises the party against Trotsky and has Trotsky exiled to Mexico in 1927 During the Great Purges of , Trotsky publicly spoke out against Stalin During the Great Purges of , Trotsky publicly spoke out against Stalin

Murder of Trotsky: Ice pick through skull

Stalin: Dictator Stalin takes over as leader of Russia from late 1924 to his death in March, 1953 Stalin takes over as leader of Russia from late 1924 to his death in March, 1953 Begins his rule by overhauling the basic structures, sets unrealistic goals: Begins his rule by overhauling the basic structures, sets unrealistic goals: Collectivization of lands for agriculture results in massive famine, esp. in Ukraine Collectivization of lands for agriculture results in massive famine, esp. in Ukraine Public works projects (roads, canals) cost hundreds of thousands of lives Public works projects (roads, canals) cost hundreds of thousands of lives

Stalin: Total control Fear – use of torture and gulags Fear – use of torture and gulags Under Stalin, state controls: Under Stalin, state controls: Employment Employment Housing Housing Faith (there is none) Faith (there is none) Entertainment Entertainment Communication Communication

The Great Purge During this period, Stalin was determined to rid Russia of all “enemies” During this period, Stalin was determined to rid Russia of all “enemies” More than 2 million of his own people were tried and executed by the state, often admitting to false crimes under torture More than 2 million of his own people were tried and executed by the state, often admitting to false crimes under torture Millions more sent to gulags (work camps) in Siberia to work to death Millions more sent to gulags (work camps) in Siberia to work to death

Gulag

Stalin: Above the horror Even though Stalin was the cause of the horror in Russia, through carefully crafted propaganda, he remained the adored leader of Russia Even though Stalin was the cause of the horror in Russia, through carefully crafted propaganda, he remained the adored leader of Russia

Death of Stalin Stalin died on March 7, 1953 Stalin died on March 7, 1953 Millions came to pay their respects Millions came to pay their respects Under his rule, approximately 10 million people died, not including the 20 million killed during WWII Under his rule, approximately 10 million people died, not including the 20 million killed during WWII

Post-Stalinism Nikita Khrushchev, Stalin’s successor, spoke out against the tactics used by Stalin to harm the Russian people; considered it a violation of Lenin’s plan for Russia Nikita Khrushchev, Stalin’s successor, spoke out against the tactics used by Stalin to harm the Russian people; considered it a violation of Lenin’s plan for Russia Russia remained a communist state until 1991 Russia remained a communist state until 1991

George Orwell (June 1903 – January 1950)

Orwell: the early years Born Eric Blair to aristocratic parents in India Born Eric Blair to aristocratic parents in India Attended school in the UK but failed out of college; joined the Indian Imperial Police and was sent to Burma (modern day Myanmar) Attended school in the UK but failed out of college; joined the Indian Imperial Police and was sent to Burma (modern day Myanmar) Felt the British were oppressing the Burmese by not allowing them to develop economically Felt the British were oppressing the Burmese by not allowing them to develop economically Returned to UK on leave in 1927 and decided to resign from police Returned to UK on leave in 1927 and decided to resign from police Began writing and teaching Began writing and teaching

Orwell: the socialist While conducting research for a novel The Road to Wigan Pier, Orwell was exposed to the depressed working-class of England While conducting research for a novel The Road to Wigan Pier, Orwell was exposed to the depressed working-class of England This experience crystallized his feelings towards socialism This experience crystallized his feelings towards socialism In 1936 when the Spanish Civil War broke out, Orwell went to Spain to fight against Franco’s forces and support the socialist efforts in Spain In 1936 when the Spanish Civil War broke out, Orwell went to Spain to fight against Franco’s forces and support the socialist efforts in Spain Orwell allied himself with the Workers Party of Marxist Unification Orwell allied himself with the Workers Party of Marxist Unification

Orwell in action Orwell saw action in numerous places, including the street fights of Barcelona Orwell saw action in numerous places, including the street fights of Barcelona In May, 1937, Orwell was shot in the throat by a sniper, which just missed his main artery. His voice is damaged and he is declared medically unfit for service In May, 1937, Orwell was shot in the throat by a sniper, which just missed his main artery. His voice is damaged and he is declared medically unfit for service

Orwell: the political writer Orwell returned from Spain in 1938 just as the UK was entering into war Orwell returned from Spain in 1938 just as the UK was entering into war Orwell found a job at the BBC where her reported and put together programming for India to combat the Nazi propaganda designed to rip the British empire apart Orwell found a job at the BBC where her reported and put together programming for India to combat the Nazi propaganda designed to rip the British empire apart He also was a member of the Home Guard, which he saw as a “People’s militia” He also was a member of the Home Guard, which he saw as a “People’s militia” He quit after two years, in part to finish Animal Farm, which was published in Britain in August, 1945 He quit after two years, in part to finish Animal Farm, which was published in Britain in August, 1945 Nineteen Eighty-four was published in 1949 Nineteen Eighty-four was published in 1949