Frederick Denison Maurice Priest, Professor, Theologian, Author Founder of Christian Socialists August 29, 1805-April 1, 1872 Priest, Professor, Theologian, Author Founder of Christian Socialists August 29, 1805-April 1, 1872

Frederick Denison Maurice August 29, 1805-April 1, 1872 I wanted a daguerreotype rather than a painting because a daguerreotype tells the real story Lent, 20112

Frederick Denison Maurice Born in Normanton, Suffolk to a controversial progressive Unitarian minister Born in Normanton, Suffolk to a controversial progressive Unitarian minister Studied civil law at Trinity College, Cambridge, starting in 1823 Studied civil law at Trinity College, Cambridge, starting in 1823 Refused the law degree in 1827 because he could not subscribe to the 39 Articles of Religion as was required by the university Refused the law degree in 1827 because he could not subscribe to the 39 Articles of Religion as was required by the university Later converted to the Anglican Church in the wake of several personal problems Later converted to the Anglican Church in the wake of several personal problems Lent, 20113

Pastoral Career Returned to school at Exeter College, Oxford to study towards ordination Returned to school at Exeter College, Oxford to study towards ordination Graduated in 1831 with a classics degree Graduated in 1831 with a classics degree Ordained as Anglican priest in 1834 Ordained as Anglican priest in 1834 Chaplain of Guy’s Hospital Chaplain of Guy’s Hospital Rector of two parishes, including St. Peter’s, Vere St. Rector of two parishes, including St. Peter’s, Vere St. Lent, 20114

Teaching Career Professor of English literature and history at King’s College, London Professor of English literature and history at King’s College, London – In 1846 became chair of theology – Dismissed from these in 1853 for involvement in the Christian Socialist movement Resumed teaching at Queen’s College, London, which he co-founded Resumed teaching at Queen’s College, London, which he co-founded Founded the Working Men’s College Founded the Working Men’s College Professor of moral theology at Cambridge Professor of moral theology at Cambridge Lent, 20115

19 th c Christian Socialist movement Formed in 1848 by Maurice, Charles Kingsley (novelist), and J. M. Ludlow (attorney) following plethora of crushed revolutions Formed in 1848 by Maurice, Charles Kingsley (novelist), and J. M. Ludlow (attorney) following plethora of crushed revolutions Exported writings precipitated development of US Protestant Social Gospel movement Exported writings precipitated development of US Protestant Social Gospel movement Collapsed in 1854 b/c of poor organization Collapsed in 1854 b/c of poor organization US Social Gospel movement persisted until disillusionment by WWI US Social Gospel movement persisted until disillusionment by WWI Lent, 20116

Major Bibliography of F. D. Maurice The Kingdom of Christ (1838) The Kingdom of Christ (1838) – Investigated the causes and remedies of schisms – A much respected work of ecumenical literature to this very day Theological Essays (1853) Theological Essays (1853) – The “unorthodox” (read socialist) perspectives cost him his professorships at King’s College – King’s College now has an F. D. Maurice Professorship in Moral and Social Theology ;-) Lent, 20117

Bibliography, cont’d Eustace Conway, or the Brother and Sister Eustace Conway, or the Brother and Sister – A novel The Unity of the New Testament The Unity of the New Testament The Epistle to the Hebrews The Epistle to the Hebrews The Religions of the World The Religions of the World Moral and Metaphysical Philosophy Moral and Metaphysical Philosophy The Church a Family The Church a Family Lent, 20118

Bibliography, cont’d The Old Testament The Old Testament The Prophets and Kings of the Old Testament The Prophets and Kings of the Old Testament Lectures on Ecclesiastical History Lectures on Ecclesiastical History The Doctrine of Sacrifice The Doctrine of Sacrifice The Patriarchs and Lawgivers of the Old Testament The Patriarchs and Lawgivers of the Old Testament Lent, 20119

Bibliography, cont’d The Epistles of St. John The Epistles of St. John The Commandments as Instruments of National Reformation The Commandments as Instruments of National Reformation On the Gospel of St. Luke On the Gospel of St. Luke The Conscience: Lectures on Casuistry The Conscience: Lectures on Casuistry The Lord’s Prayer: A Manual The Lord’s Prayer: A Manual – Many originated as sermons or lectures Lent,

Quotations “We have been dosing our people with religion when what they want is not this but the living God.” “We have been dosing our people with religion when what they want is not this but the living God.” “Competition is put forth as the law of the universe. That is a lie. The time has come for us to declare that it is a lie, by word and deed.” “Competition is put forth as the law of the universe. That is a lie. The time has come for us to declare that it is a lie, by word and deed.” Lent,

Quotations, cont’d “Christian Socialism will commit us at once to the conflict we must engage in sooner or later with the unsocial Christians and the unchristian Socialists.” “Christian Socialism will commit us at once to the conflict we must engage in sooner or later with the unsocial Christians and the unchristian Socialists.” “I do not think we are to praise the liturgy but to use it. When we do not want it for our life, we may begin to talk of it as a beautiful composition.” “I do not think we are to praise the liturgy but to use it. When we do not want it for our life, we may begin to talk of it as a beautiful composition.” Lent,

Personal life First wife was Anna Barton, sister-in-law of close friend John Sterling First wife was Anna Barton, sister-in-law of close friend John Sterling Second wife was half-sister of another friend Second wife was half-sister of another friend One son, Sir John Frederick Maurice One son, Sir John Frederick Maurice One grandson, Frederick Barton Maurice One grandson, Frederick Barton Maurice – Also principal of the Working Men’s College in the post WWI era Lent,

Collect of F. D. Maurice Almighty God, you restored our human nature to heavenly glory through the perfect obedience of our Savior Jesus Christ: Keep alive in your Church, we pray, a passion for justice and truth; that, like your servant Frederick Denison Maurice, we may work and pray for the triumph of the kingdom of your Christ; who lives and reigns with you and the Holy Spirit, one God, now and forever. Amen. Lent,

Sources Lesser Feasts and Fasts, 2000 Lesser Feasts and Fasts, 2000 Bruce L. Shelley, Church History in Plain Language, 2 nd ed. Nashville: Thomas Nelson, Bruce L. Shelley, Church History in Plain Language, 2 nd ed. Nashville: Thomas Nelson, Wikipedia Wikipedia Lent,