Reconciling NYS mandates of CCSS with the Realities of LD Annmarie Urso, Ph.D. State University of New York at Geneseo

What led up to the development of CCSS?

Assessment Results! PISAs, ACTs, NAEPs  results in Reading in US students – even after NCLB’s mandated assessments and demands for AYP made by schools and students. Less rigorous reading material!  1.More complex texts 2.Teach advanced comprehension 3.Emphasis on “Close” and “Deep” literary texts and informational texts.

How many students struggle with Reading? In K-12 public & private schools 54,000,000 IDENTIFIED risk for reading failure:23,000,000 (42%) Title 1: 19.9 million IDEA eligible: 6.3 million ESOL: 10.9 million Meeting Standards 32,000,000

Reading Performance on NAEPs in 2009 U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) Data, Retrieved June 3, 2011, from % of 12 th graders and 68% of 8 th graders read below grade-level.

WE HAD ACCOUNTABILITY WITH NCLB –STANDARDS BASED INSTRUCTION –AYP WE HAD ASSESSMENT WITH NCLB WHY DO THESE POOR RESULTS CONTINUE? WE HAD ACCOUNTABILITY WITH NCLB –STANDARDS BASED INSTRUCTION –AYP WE HAD ASSESSMENT WITH NCLB WHY DO THESE POOR RESULTS CONTINUE?

What we know about why this continues… BIG ISSUES: POVERTY DISPARATE READINESS FUNDING MECHANISMS TEACHER TRAINING & PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITIES BIG ISSUES: POVERTY DISPARATE READINESS FUNDING MECHANISMS TEACHER TRAINING & PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITIES

WHAT THE “FIXABLE” ASSUMPTION IS AS TO WHY IT CONTINUES: LACK OF COMMON CURRICULUM WITH EXPECTATIONS AND ACCOUNTABILITY FOR ALL STUDENTS, TEACHERS, AND PRINCIPALS.

What are the CCSS?

What they are: Developed in 2010 and adopted by 45 states. Designed to bolster the college and career readiness of students after high school. Variety of constituents drafted the standards. Some areas consistent with research and other areas just reflect current ideas. Describe what students should know in order to succeed beyond high school but don’t specify how students should learn the subject matter. Developed in 2010 and adopted by 45 states. Designed to bolster the college and career readiness of students after high school. Variety of constituents drafted the standards. Some areas consistent with research and other areas just reflect current ideas. Describe what students should know in order to succeed beyond high school but don’t specify how students should learn the subject matter.

What are the CCSS in ELA?

CAUTIONS “No single series of model lessons or curriculum guide can describe the variations in content & methodology to reach all students.” Louisa Moats, 2012 Teacher-directed, systematic, sequential, explicit approaches that work best for students with LD and learning challenges (Archer & Hughes, 2011). Variations in learning readiness and abilities are NOT ADDRESSED IN CCSS or in the model lessons, videos produced by CCSS tanks; engageny, etc. “No single series of model lessons or curriculum guide can describe the variations in content & methodology to reach all students.” Louisa Moats, 2012 Teacher-directed, systematic, sequential, explicit approaches that work best for students with LD and learning challenges (Archer & Hughes, 2011). Variations in learning readiness and abilities are NOT ADDRESSED IN CCSS or in the model lessons, videos produced by CCSS< think> tanks; engageny, etc.

SLOs - While the CCSS authors have provided guidelines regarding the implementation of the CCSS for ELLs and students with special needs, they have left the specifics of that implementation to districts and states.guidelines While the CCSS authors have provided guidelines regarding the implementation of the CCSS for ELLs and students with special needs, they have left the specifics of that implementation to districts and states.guidelines

NJ SLOs – provided by NJSED

CAUTIONS ABOUT THE CCSS in ELA for students with disabilities: Reading Lacking: Sequence of instruction Critical milestones & relationships among: PHONOLOGY WORD RECOGNITION SPELLING FLUENCY COMPREHENSION Writing CCSS only focus on composition. Explicit guidance regarding importance of foundation writing skills. Interdependence among: Oral language-written language, reading foundations, writing foundations, and higher level goals in comprehension and composition

Recommendations for students with learning disabilities

EFFECTIVE INSTRUCTION MATTERS! SCIENTIFICALLY BASED EVIDENCE EXPLICIT INTENSIVE EFFECTIVE INSTRUCTION MATTERS! SCIENTIFICALLY BASED EVIDENCE EXPLICIT INTENSIVE

1.RTI & CCSS are mandated in NYS – regular classroom instruction is critical to changing growth trajectories – just as critical as remediation! 2.We need to catch students EARLY to improve their reading scores (progress that closes gaps). 3.INTENSIVE EFFORT on both the teachers and the students is required to achieve maximum growth.

EARLY IS BY 2 nd GRADE WE NEED HIGHLY SKILLED TEACHERS WE NEED INTERVENTION & INSTRUCTIONAL DECISIONS DRIVEN BY ASSESSMENT WE NEED TEACHER TRAINING WE NEED A COMMITMENT TO THE HUMAN & FINANCIAL RESOURCES NEEDED TO IMPLEMENT CCSS EARLY IS BY 2 nd GRADE WE NEED HIGHLY SKILLED TEACHERS WE NEED INTERVENTION & INSTRUCTIONAL DECISIONS DRIVEN BY ASSESSMENT WE NEED TEACHER TRAINING WE NEED A COMMITMENT TO THE HUMAN & FINANCIAL RESOURCES NEEDED TO IMPLEMENT CCSS

CULTURE OF HIGH EXPECTATIONS: Instructional supports for learning― based on the principles of Universal Design for Learning (UDL)―which foster student engagement by presenting information in multiple ways and allowing for diverse avenues of action and expression. Instructional supports for learning― based on the principles of Universal Design for Learning (UDL)―which foster student engagement by presenting information in multiple ways and allowing for diverse avenues of action and expression.

David Rose, CAST “The Goal of UDL is not to eliminate challenge-which is essential to learning-but to reduce extraneous barriers that are not core to the learning goals…simply reducing barriers to access is the first step to reducing barriers to learning.”

Recommendations from CCSS developers: Instructional accommodations ―changes in materials or procedures― which do not change the standards, but allow students to learn within the framework of the Common Core. Assistive technology devices and services to ensure access to the general education curriculum and the Common Core State Standards.

UDLUDL is a framework for making curriculum more inclusive Recognition Strategic Affective

WEBSITES Center for Applied Special Technologies- UDL/DI Engage NY – NYSED website on CCSS University of Kansas Center for Research on Learning International Reading Association International Dyslexia Association

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