Vaccines and Related Biological Products

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Presentation transcript:

Licensure of Pandemic Influenza Vaccines: Demonstration of Effectiveness Vaccines and Related Biological Products Advisory Committee (2/29/2012) Marion F. Gruber, PhD, Acting Director Office of Vaccines Research and Review/CBER/FDA

Purpose of Today’s VRBPAC Discussion Review pathways to licensure of the influenza A (H1N1) 2009 vaccines and an influenza A (H5N1) vaccine Discuss approaches to the pre-licensure evaluation of effectiveness of adjuvanted pandemic influenza A virus subtype vaccines manufactured using the same process as the manufacturer’s U.S-licensed unadjuvanted seasonal influenza vaccine Discuss approaches to the pre-licensure evaluation of effectiveness of pandemic influenza A subtype vaccines manufactured using a process that is not U.S.-licensed

US licensed Seasonal & Pandemic Influenza Vaccines Seasonal Influenza Vaccines (Inactivated, intramuscular) Afluria (CSL) Agriflu (Novartis) Fluarix (GSK) FluLaval (IDB-GSK) Fluvirin (Novartis) Fluzone (Sanofi Pasteur) Seasonal Influenza Vaccine (Live attenuated, intranasal) FluMist (MedImmune) Monovalent pandemic Influenza vaccines H5N1 Influenza Virus Vaccine, (inactivated, i.m) Sanofi Pasteur) H1N1: Influenza A (H1N1) 2009 Monovalent Vaccines (inactivated, i.m) CSL IDB-GSK Novartis Sanofi Pasteur H1N1: Influenza A (H1N1) 2009 Monovalent Vaccine Live, Intranasal (live attenuated, i.n) MedImmune

Pandemic Preparedness: Regulatory Considerations Development and timely availability of a vaccine matched to the pandemic influenza strain is a cornerstone of pandemic influenza prevention National regulatory authorities must be prepared to respond with regulatory pathways to expedite the availability of pandemic influenza vaccines In the event of a pandemic, prior licensure of “prototype” influenza vaccines will shorten the time to licensure of a vaccine against the pandemic strain

Pre-pandemic and Pandemic periods Pre-pandemic period Pandemic Pre-pandemic and Pandemic periods U.S. Licensed Seasonal influenza vaccine A, subtype: H1, H3 Licensure of “Prototype” pandemic vaccine: adjuvanted unadjuvanted Pandemic vaccine update: adjuvanted unadjuvanted strain change supplement A, subtype: H5 A, subtype: H7 A, subtype: H5 A, subtype: H7 A, subtype: H9... Licensure approach: Safety Immunogenicity Efficacy A, subtype: H9... Licensure approach: Safety Immunogenicity Annual update: Strain change supplement Effectiveness

Pandemic Preparedness: Regulatory Considerations (cont.) Influenza A (H1N1) 2009 vaccines and an influenza A (H5N1) vaccine Manufacturers utilized same egg based manufacturing process as their seasonal vaccines Clinical endpoint efficacy data accrued with a U.S.-licensed seasonal influenza vaccine has been used to infer effectiveness   Approach discussed at previous VRBPAC meetings (e.g., February 2007 and July 2009) Pandemic influenza vaccines in clinical development Made by the same process as licensed seasonal vaccine except that the vaccine contains adjuvant Made by a process not US licensed (adjuvanted/nonadjuvanted)

Pandemic Preparedness: Regulatory Considerations (cont.) FDA is working with vaccine manufacturers interested in developing pandemic influenza vaccines to establish pathways to support effectiveness prior to licensure FDA will outline approaches to licensure that are specifically tailored to pandemic influenza vaccines for which it is not feasible for manufacturers to conduct clinical endpoint efficacy studies Scenarios outlined pertain to adjuvanted and unadjuvanted pandemic influenza vaccines for use in the event of a pandemic

Overview of Today’s Agenda BARDA perspective regarding pandemic influenza vaccine preparedness Dr. Robin Robinson, PhD FDA proposed approach to licensure of pandemic influenza vaccines Dr. Theresa Finn, PhD Manufacturer’s presentations on pandemic influenza vaccine development GSK, Kati Abraham Novartis, Penny Heaton, MD Committee discussion

Discussion items 1. To infer effectiveness of an adjuvanted pandemic influenza A subtype vaccine, please discuss the use of: a) clinical endpoint efficacy data accrued with a U.S.-licensed unadjuvanted seasonal vaccine made by the same manufacturer and process, and b) observational effectiveness data accrued during the H1N1 2009 pandemic for a non-U.S.-licensed adjuvanted monovalent vaccine made by the same manufacturer and process.

Discussion items 2. Please discuss approaches to infer effectiveness for pandemic influenza vaccines that are manufactured using a process not licensed in the U.S.: a) pandemic influenza vaccines dependent on an HA antibody response b) pandemic influenza vaccines with protective mechanisms that are not dependent on an HA antibody response