1100 Superior Ave., Suite Wolf Ledges Parkway, Suite West Third Avenue Cleveland, OH 44114Akron, OH 44311Columbus, OH Douglas S. Lancashire, P.E., CEM, LEED AP The Commissioning Process and Measurement & Verification

“Building Commissioning is the systematic process of ensuring, through documented verification, that all building systems are installed and perform in accordance with the design intent.” DEFINING COMMISSIONING

Controls Operating Costs & Energy Consumption Fewer E&O’s Results in Fewer Change Orders Reduces Start-up / Comfort Problems Tighter A/E Fees Complexity of Modern Buildings: Digital Controls Critical Building conditions Technology WHY IS COMMISSIONING NEEDED?

Quality Design Intent Verification Value Engineering Comfort Energy Efficiency Sustainable Performance

PROJECT KICKOFF Kickoff Meeting Integrate Cx Tasks into Schedule Review / Assist in Developing OPR Review BOD Develop Collaborative Approach DESIGN REVIEWs Commissioned Systems Building Envelope HVAC Controls Lighting Controls LEED Compliance Work with Team to Resolve Issues DEVELOP TEST CRITERIA Commissioning Specifications Prefunctional Checklists Functional Test Procedures CONSTRUCTION Monitor Schedule for Cx Tasks Shop Drawing Review Construction Observation Identify Issues and Work with Team to Develop CAP & Resolve TESTING Witness Start Up / Review Forms Witness TAB / Review Report Prefunctional Checklists Functional Testing Seasonal Testing ISSUES RESOLUTION Develop Issues Log and Work with D/B Team to Develop CAP & Resolve Set Up & Review Trend Logs Data Loggers Thermal Imaging CONSTRUCTION CLOSEOUT O&M Review Ensure Training is Adequate Develop Commissioning Report Develop Systems Manual Upload LEED Documents POST-OCCUPANCY Review Actual Utility Data Comfort Survey 10 Month Walkthrough Meet with Maintenance Staff Identify Warranty Issues Measure and Verify Retest

Pre-Requisite – Fundamental Commissioning Must be independent, but can be employed by the Design or Construction Firms for smaller project The CxA reviews the OPR and BOD documents for clarity and completeness At a minimum, must commission the following systems: HVAC (including controls) Lighting and daylighting controls Domestic hot water systems Renewable energy systems

Credit – Enhanced Commissioning Must be independent and can not be employed by the Design or Construction Firms The Cx reviews design for compliance with the OPR and BOD Contractor submittal reviews Training verification Warranty review Develop systems manuals

Owner's Project Requirements (OPR) Owner and User Requirements Environmental and Sustainability Goals Energy Efficiency Goals (Basis of the M&V Plan) Indoor Environmental Quality Requirements Equipment and Systems Expectations Building Occupant and O&M Personnel Expectations

Basis of Design (BOD) System Narrative Descriptions Primary Design Assumptions Standards Utilized for Design

Air handling unit used for storage during construction

Side-stream filter for cooling tower installed directly on floor – not able to be drained

Geothermal well field piping left unprotected

Thermographic imaging reveals misaligned pump

Uses and Purposes of M&V:  Confirm energy savings for projects that received energy efficiency grants from government or utility provider  Verify savings as part of an energy performance contract  Continuously monitor performance to achieve energy reduction goal at building or campus level when implementing ECMs  Achieve LEED points through credit EAc5 Measurement & Verification  Demonstrate savings of new technology before implementing on a larger scale  Verify requirements of the OPR

Accepted Practices: International Performance Measurement & Verification Protocol (IPMVP) 4 Options

Option A: Partially Measured Retrofit Isolation Basic single component modification where energy not dependent on weather or varying usage patterns. Each upgrade analyzed independently. Metered for brief time period

Option B: Retrofit Isolation Basic single component modification where energy dependent on weather and varying usage patterns. Each upgrade analyzed independently. Metered minimum one year.

Option C: Whole Facility Whole building energy performance based on benchmarking against similar buildings for minimum one year. Cannot use for building types without widely available data.

Option D: Calibrated Simulation Whole building energy performance using computer simulation for minimum one year. Most difficult method but can be used for any building type and multiple interacting ECMs.

Raw energy data cannot be used; important to normalize based on:  Weather: Adjust so baseline and upgraded building are analyzed using the same heating/cooling degree days or weather profile.  Occupancy: Adjust for number of occupants and hours of usage.  Building Modifications: Adjust for any other changes in building not related to project that could affect energy usage (examples: interior renovation, new receptacle loads).

Methods of Metering and Monitoring:  Main meter: Measure electricity, gas, and other energy to whole building.  Temporary sub-meters: Measure electricity to individual components for a short period of time.  Permanent sub-meters: Measure electricity, gas, and other energy by usage type or individual component permanently over life of building.  Equipment controls: Utilize variable frequency drives, chiller/boiler control panels, and motor status to calculate energy consumption. Recommend recording energy data in building automation system application. Can also be displayed on a dashboard to show real-time usage and energy breakdown.

Recommended metering/monitoring points include:  Main HVAC equipment: boilers, chillers, large AHUs  Main lighting panels  Large process equipment: servers, manufacturing equipment

ENERGY STAR Buildings Program Ohio Building Authority Facilities ENERGY USAGE PER SQ. FT. SAVINGS

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