Social Studies Exam Review 2012

What was the main advantage of the South in the Civil War? The strong support of its white population.

In boomtowns, people who dealt out their own brand of justice without benefit of judge or jury were called Vigilantes

The plan that preserved the balance between slave and free state in the Senate was the Missouri Compromise

Railroad construction was made possible by government financial aid and land grants called subsidies

What railroad connected the Atlantic and Pacific coasts? Transcontinental railroad

Which of the following marked the end of the Cattle Kingdom? Price collapse of mid-1880’s

One of the greatest dangers of a cattle drives was The stampede

The first college in the United States to admit women and African Americans was Oberlin College of Ohio

The first president of the Confederate States of America was Jefferson Davis

Bull Run ( Manassas) Where was the first major battle of the Civil War?

Freedmen’s Bureau What government agency set up schools and helped formerly enslaved African Americans in the South?

Telegraph Which invention filled the need for a method of communication that kept up with the industrial growth and fast-paced travel?

The steel-tipped plow What did John Deere invent in 1837?

The mechanical reaper An invention that ensured that raising wheat would remain the main economic activity in the Midwestern prairies was the

Trade Unions To improve their working conditions, workers formed organizations called

Nativists People opposed to immigration were known as

Demand in Great Britain What kept the price of cotton high in the years before 1860?

Nat Turner Who was the religious leader who led a slave revolt in 1831?

Dorothea Dix Who was the school teacher who helped reform attitudes toward the mentally ill?

Transcendentalist People who stressed the relationship between human and nature and the importance of the individual conscience were called

the antislavery movement By 1830, the most pressing social issue for reformers was

Women’s rights Many leading abolitionist were involved in the antislavery movement and

medicine Elizabeth Blackwell made contributions in the field of

sectionalism An exaggerated loyalty to a particular region of the country is called

Fugitive Slave Act The law that required all citizens to catch runaway enslaved people was the

Kansas-Nebraska Act What act did Sam Houston predict would “convulse the country from Maine to the Rio Grande”?

Kansas Rival proslavery and antislavery existed in

The Dred Scott Case What Supreme Court decision meant that the Constitution protected slavery?

South Carolina The first state to vote to secede was

States rights Southerners justified secession with the theory of

the shelling of Fort Sumter The event that marked the beginning of the Civil War was

Maryland Perhaps the most important border state was

as an independent nation. For the South, the primary aim of the was to win recognition as

Bull Run (Manassas) The victorious Confederate army was only 20 miles from Washington D.C., after the second battle at

Antietam The single bloodies day of the entire war took place at

to preserve the Union From the start of the war, the North’s main goal was

Emancipation Proclamation What law did Abraham Lincoln formally sign on January 1, 1863, which freed enslaved African Americans in the Confederacy?

draft The law that required men between certain ages to serve in the army for three years was called the

Gettysburg President Abraham Lincoln’s address at what battlefield helped war-weary Americans focus on their shared ideals?

Appomattox Courthouse General Robert E. Lee surrendered to General Ulysses S. Grant in a small Virginia village called

Reconstruction The period of rebuilding the South after the Civil War was called

Freedmen’s Bureau African Americans were helped to make the transition to freedom by the

Civil Rights Act of 1866 African Americans were granted full citizenship by the

Fourteenth Amendment All individuals born in the United States were granted full citizenship by the

impeach When President Andrew Johnson violated the Tenure of Office Act, the House of Representatives voted to

Fifteenth Amendment What amendment gave African Americans men the right to vote?

education What did African Americans see as an important step to a better life?

The Compromise of 1877 What ended Reconstruction?

A poll tax, a literacy test or proof that “your” grandfather voted. As a means of keeping poor people and African Americans from voting, many Southern states required