1 Seminar, Higher education professionals, Utrecht University Trust in distrust: On clashes between performance and professional logics (and how to handle them) October 10, 2014 Prof.dr Mirko Noordegraaf Utrecht School of Governance (Utrecht University) & Focus area Professional performance, Univ. Utrecht

2 Puzzle How to perform professionally? – as university, but also as hospital, law court, school, etc. I.e., how to establish and account for results, and keep professionals happy and motivated, and cope with political demands and public expectations?

3 Puzzle

4

5 COSTS & CONTROL PREFERENCES & DEMANDS ERRORS & FAILURE

6 Old and new logics Professional logic (1.0) Performance logic (2.0) The professionalThe product -‘Case treatment’ -Professional autonomy -Own standards and routines -Clients and customers -Disciplining (of) professionals -Transparent outcomes

7 Conflicts and clashes Professional logic (1.0) Performance logic (2.0) The professionalThe product -‘Case treatment’ -Professional autonomy -Own standards and routines -Clients and customers -Disciplining (of) professionals -Transparent outcomes

8 Beyond (binary) opposition? Professional logic (1.0) Performance logic (2.0) The professionalThe product -‘Case treatment’ -Professional autonomy -Standards and routines -Clients and customers -Disciplining professionals -Transparent outcomes

9 Beyond (binary) opposition Professional logic (1.0) Performance logic (2.0) The professionalThe product -‘Case treatment’ -Professional autonomy -Standards and routines -Clients and customers -Disciplining professionals -Transparent outcomes Organizational logic (3.0) The professional organization -Hybrid structures -Meaningful management -Accountable results

10 Beyond (binary) opposition Professional logic (1.0) Performance logic (2.0) The professionalThe product -‘Case treatment’ -Professional autonomy -Standards and routines -Clients and customers -Disciplining professionals -Transparent outcomes Organizational logic (3.0) Organizing logic (4.0) The professional organization Professional processes -Hybrid structures -Meaningful management -Accountable results -Stakeholders -Inter- professional links -Legitimacy/ responsibility

11 Beyond (binary) opposition Professional logic (1.0) Performance logic (2.0) The professionalThe product -‘Case treatment’ -Professional autonomy -Standards and routines -Clients and customers -Disciplining professionals -Transparent outcomes Organizational logic (3.0) Organising logic (4.0) The professional organization Professional processes -Hybrid structures -Meaningful management -Accountable results -Stakeholders -Inter- professional links -Legitimacy/ responsibility

12 Organizing professionalism; implications For organizational participants: ‘Positive coping’ with complex conditions, trade-offs and distrust.

13 Organizing professionalism Against (societal) context, at various levels: 1.Case treatment (collaboration, innovation, use of technology, etc.) 2.Multiple case treatment (planning, prioritization, speed, budgetary constraints, etc.) 3.(Multiple) case treatment in demanding societies (advocacy, coalitions, justification, etc.) [Noordegraaf, Hybrid Professionalism, Adm.& Society 2007; Noordegraaf, Risky business, Org. Studies 2011; Noordegraaf, Reconfigured professionalism, Adm. & Society 2014; Hybridity and beyond, J. of Professions and Organization 2015]

14 Organizing professionalism in health care

15 Organizing professionalism (in higher education) How? 1.Professional schooling and education: investing in new/young researchers/lecturers 2.Smart (instead of SMART) interventions: supporting joint/coordinated action 3.Connective mechanisms: positioning people, creating forms and interactions, setting examples