SEABEE COMBAT WARFARE NCF OFFICER SPECIFIC ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 106 General Military Tactics

Reference JOINT PUB 3-10, Joint Doctrine for Rear Area Security JOINT PUB 3-07, Joint Doctrine for Military Operations Other Than War FMFM 13, Marine Air-Ground Task Force (MAGTF) Engineer Operations NAVEDTRA 12004, Seabee Combat Handbook, Volume 2 (cont) ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Overview Threat Levels and Threat Conditions Elements of a force protection plan. Function of a Liaison Officer Selecting a Landing Zone

Military Tactics PQS QUESTION 105.1 Describe the different threat levels and threat conditions. Reference: JOINT PUB 3-10, Joint Doctrine for Rear Area Security

Examples: Agents, saboteurs, sympathizers, terrorists Threat Levels THREAT LEVEL I Examples: Agents, saboteurs, sympathizers, terrorists Response: Unit, base, and base cluster self- defense measures.

Threat Levels THREAT LEVEL 2 Examples: Small tactical units, unconventional warfare forces, guerrillas. Response: Self-defense measures and response force(s) with supporting fires.

Threat Levels THREAT LEVEL III Examples: Large tactical force operations, including airborne, heliborne, amphibious, infiltration Response: May require timely commitment of tactical combat force

Military Tactics PQS Question 105.2: Describe the elements of a force protection plan for a detachment deployed to a remote area to conduct a Military Operations Other than War mission.. Reference: JOINT PUB 3-07, Joint Doctrine for Military Operations Other Than War ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Principles of Military Operations Other Than War Force Protection Principles of Military Operations Other Than War Objective: Unity Of Effort Security Restraint Perseverance Legitimacy

Objective Direct every military operation toward a clearly defined, decisive, and attainable objective. JFCs should therefore, translate their political guidance into appropriate military objectives through a rigorous and continuous mission and threat analysis.

Unity of Effort Seek unity of effort in every operation. This principle emphasizes the need for ensuring all means are directed to a common purpose. This requires that JFCs, or other designated directors of the operation, rely heavily on consensus building to achieve unity of effort.

Security Never permit hostile factions to acquire a military, political, or informational advantage. JFCs should avoid complacency and be ready to counter activity that could bring harm to units or jeopardize the operation. Security may also involve the protection of civilians or participating agencies and organizations.

Restraint Apply appropriate military capability prudently. Restraint requires the careful balancing of the need for security, the conduct of operations, and the political objective. Excessive force antagonizes those parties involved, thereby damaging the legitimacy of the organization that uses it while possibly enhancing the legitimacy of the opposing party.

Perseverance Prepare for the measured, protracted application of military capability in support of strategic aims. Some MOOTW may require years to achieve the desired results. Often, the patient, resolute, and persistent pursuit of national goals and objectives, for as long as necessary to achieve them, is a requirement for success.

Legitimacy Committed forces must sustain the legitimacy of the operation and of the host government, where applicable. Legitimacy is a condition based on the perception by a specific audience of the legality, morality, or rightness of a set of actions. If an operation is perceived as legitimate, there is a strong impulse to support the action.

Military Tactics PQS Question 105.3: Describe the function of the Liaison Officer (LNO) within the Marine Air-Ground Task Force (MAGTF) environment. Reference: FMFM 13, Marine Air-Ground Task Force (MAGTF) Engineer Operations ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Liaison Officer Designation of a liaison officer is the most commonly employed technique for establishing and maintaining close, continuous contact between commands. Use of a single individual with the proper rank and experience conserves manpower while it guarantees contact. A liaison officer will normally remain at the supported headquarters until recalled to the parent command.

Liaison Officer Duties and Responsibilities: Monitor. The liaison element’s first task is to observe the operations of the assigned unit. Advise. The liaison element advises both the supporting and supported unit commanders. Coordinate. The liaison element coordinates and assists the flow of information between organizations.

Military Tactics PQS Question 105.4: Describe the key elements to be considered in the selection of a landing zone. Reference: NAVEDTRA 12004, Seabee Combat Handbook, Volume 2 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Landing Zone Key elements for selecting a landing zone. What type of helicopters will be using the landing zone. The position of your unit in regards to the enemy Time it will take to prepare the landing zone. Equipment needed to prepare the landing zone. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Landing Zone Approaches and Exits Ground Obstacles Must be free of major obstacles that might obstruct landing or takeoffs, such as tall trees, telephone poles, or power lines. Ground Obstacles Obstacles such as stumps or rocks, should not exceed 1 foot in height on level ground and should be less on sloping ground.

Landing Zone Gradient (Slopes) Surface Conditions Ground slope has a considerable effect on selecting a landing site or landing point within the LZ. A helicopter cannot land safely in locations where the ground slopes more than 14 degrees. Surface Conditions Mud, excessive dust, and loose debris are considered undesirable surface conditions for helicopters. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________