NAPOLEON’S IMPACT ON FRANCE, EUROPE, AND THE WORLD Europe: Napoleon seized a large portion of Europe, introducing the ideas of the French Revolution and ending feudal restrictions and serfdom wherever he conquered. For example, his conquests in Germany led to the liberation of Jewish citizens from traditional restrictions. France: Napoleon created stability by establishing the Code of Napoleon, a law code that consolidated such achievements of the Revolution a social equality, religious toleration, and trial by jury. He also established the Bank of France. The World: French rule stimulated the growth of nationalism. Napoleon weakened Spain, causing it to lose its colonial empire in Latin America. He sold the Louisiana Territory to the United States in 1803 Was Napoleon a positive or negative force in world history? Support your answer with specific examples.

THE CONGRESS OF VIENNA

Introduction After the defeat of Napoleon, the chief European rulers met in Paris and then at the Congress of Vienna All of the other states of Europe were invited to participate

PURPOSE To redraw the boundaries of Europe To settle the many issues arising from the French Revolution and Napoleonic wars

GOALS LEGITIMACY – restoration of former rulers to their thrones and redraw borders BALANCE OF POWER – no single power could become so powerful as to dominate the others OTHER ISSUES – abolition of the slave trade and the rights of German Jews

EUROPE BEFORE AND AFTER THE CONGRESS OF VIENNA Before the Congress of Vienna After the Congress of Vienna

IMPORTANT PEOPLE OF THE DAY PRINCE KLEMENS VON METTERNICH: Austrian prince who led the Congress of Vienna Instrumental in creating a system that prevented attempts at nationalism or political change in Europe

WILLIAM WILBERFORCE: English reformer and devout Christian horrified by the plight of slaves Led fight to abolish slavery in England (1807, Slave Trade Bill) Achieved abolition of slavery throughout British Empire in 1833

Assignment: Read pages 591-594 and answer the questions on the handout.

Handout – force of change in Europe 1815-1850 CONSERVATISM: On what is conservatism based? _________________________________________________________________________________________ What ideals did conservatives favor? ________________________________________________________________________________________________ LIBERALISM: Definition: ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________ In what did liberals believe? _____________________________________________________________________________________________ In what did liberals NOT believe? _________________________________________________________________________________________ NATIONALISM: Definition: __________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ In what did Nationalists believe?_________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Why was nationalism considered a threat? ________________________________________________________________________ The spread of liberalism and nationalism led to the outbreak of a number of revolutions. List 2 countries that had successful revolutions and the kind of government each one implemented. 1. 2. List 3 countries that had unsuccessful revolutions and why they failed. 3.

LEFT SIDE ACTIVITY: ACTING AS AN AMATEUR HISTORIAN With which of these statements about the Congress of Vienna would you most agree? Explain your answer. “1815 is the one and only time in European history when statesmen sat down to construct a peaceful international system after a great war and succeeded. This astonishing accomplishment in international politics made possible much of the change and progress in 19th century European society” -Paul Schroeder, The Transformation of European Politics “[T]here was certainly no lack of awareness of the strength of national feeling in Germany, Poland and Italy, and by failing to take it into account in their arrangements the architects of the settlement defeated their own purpose and sowed the seeds of untold problems in the future.” -Adam Zamoyski, The Rites of Peace: The Fall of Napoleon and the Congress of Vienna