Chapter 5: the struggle to found colonies Lesson 4: The 13 English Colonies Social Studies 5th Grade Mr. Vida

How many colonial geographical regions were there? Bell Ringer! How many colonial geographical regions were there?

How many colonial geographical regions were there? Bell Ringer! How many colonial geographical regions were there?

Geography of the 13 Colonies Subtitle

Geography of the 13 Colonies Subtitle

Let look around… www.googleearth.com

The First colonies New England Colonies New England Colonies had Massachusetts Bay Connecticut Rhode Island New Hampshire New England Colonies had Thin, rocky soil… difficult to farm BUT… Thick woods for timber AND… Coastal waters rich in FISH & WHALES

Geography of the 13 Colonies Subtitle

The First colonies Middle Colonies Middle Colonies had New York New Jersey Pennsylvania Delaware Middle Colonies had With warmer climate & more fertile soil… better to farm Because of so much wheat… Known as the “Breadbasket of the colonies” Wide rivers made it easier to transport & travel

Geography of the 13 Colonies Subtitle

The First colonies Southern Colonies Southern Colonies had Virginia Maryland North Carolina South Carolina Georgia Southern Colonies had Enjoyed the warmest climate & longest growing seasons Rich soil provided valuable crops like TOBACCO & RICE Many rivers connected inland farms to ports along the regions coast

Geography of the 13 Colonies Subtitle

New England colonies New England Colonies Roger Williams Many Puritan settlements were built in Massachusetts Very strict laws like ALL citizens HAD to ATTEND church NOT everyone agreed with Puritan laws Roger Williams Outspoken young minister in Salem, Mass. Believed government should not punish citizens for what the believed Was forced to leave Massachusetts by Puritan leaders

New England colonies Roger Williams Dissenter Traveled south & founded a settlement named Providence This was the start of the new colony of Rhode Island Under his leadership, became the 1st English colony in North America to offer complete religious freedom to its settlers Dissenter Roger Williams and others were know as dissenters It is a person whose views differ from those held by most people in the community

New England colonies Anne Hutchinson Another dissenter that angered Puritan leaders in Mass. She believed that a persons own faith in God was more important than church’s rules & laws She was also forced to leave Massachusetts because of her beliefs She moved to Rhode Island

New England colonies Thomas Hooker New Hampshire A Puritan minister, left Mass. With 100 followers He founded the new colony of Connecticut They were looking for greater religious & political freedom Also wanted to build farms along the fertile Connecticut River New Hampshire Many English settlers were also moving to this colony The early settlements here were small fishing villages

Middle colonies King Charles II Gave his brother, James, the Duke of York with the task of taking New Amsterdam Sailed warships into New Amsterdam harbor The Dutch leader surrendered without a shot fired, because he saw that he could not defend the settlement In honor of the Duke of York, New Netherland became New York & New Amsterdam became New York City The Duke gave part of his colony to his friend so they could establish their own colony This new English colony was named New Jersey

Middle colonies The End of Holland in America In honor of the Duke of York, New Netherland became New York & New Amsterdam became New York City The Duke gave part of his colony to his friend so they could establish their own colony This new English colony was named New Jersey

New England colonies William Penn King Charles II gave a huge section of land to him in N. America The king had borrowed money from Penn’s wealthy father & Penn asked for land as repayment Penn wanted to build a colony based on his beliefs He was a QUAKER Opposed war Believed people could worship God without going to church or following religious leaders

New England colonies William Penn King Charles II named the land Pennsylvania, meaning “Penn’s Woods” Penn said that it would be a “Holy Experiment” Where people from different nations and all religious beliefs could live together in peace He also promised to pay Native Americans a fair price for land For his main settlement he chose a spot between the Schuylkill & Delaware Rivers Named it Philadelphia which means, “City of brotherly love”

Southern colonies Colony of Maryland Proprietor Catholics also faced persecution, so King Charles I gave a large piece of land North of Virginia to a Catholic landowner This landowner was named Lord Baltimore & he named this colony Maryland Became a refuge for both Catholic & Protestants Proprietor Means an owner Maryland was a proprietary community, meaning a colony where land was controlled by an individual or group of proprietors

Southern colonies Colony of Maryland Proprietor Catholics also faced persecution, so King Charles I gave a large piece of land North of Virginia to a Catholic landowner This landowner was named Lord Baltimore & he named this colony Maryland Became a refuge for both Catholic & Protestants Proprietor Means an owner Maryland was a proprietary community, meaning a colony where land was controlled by an individual or group of proprietors

Southern colonies Colony of the Carolinas Colony of Georgia King Charles II gave a charter for a large section of land to 8 proprietors. It was between Virginia & the Spanish colony of Florida. Carolina was later divided into 2 separate Colonies North Carolina South Carolina Colony of Georgia James Oglethorpe founded the last of the English colonies in North America He brought debtors to his colony to relieve English jails

Southern colonies Colony of Georgia Why did Georgia's location help the other English Colonies?

Southern colonies Answer: Georgia lay between the Carolinas & Spanish Florida. Because of this location, Georgia helped protect the other colonies from possible Spanish attacks.

Southern colonies Colony of Georgia Like William Penn, Oglethorpe wanted his colony to have peaceful relations with Native Americans Oglethorpe met with Tomochichi, Chief of the Yamacraw tribe The Yamacraw agreed to give land to him & his settlers With about 100 released debtors, the founded the 1st settlement in Europe, which he named Savannah

Growing colonies The English Colonies grew very quickly 1650 to 1700 Population grew from 50,000 to 250,000 50 years later, population topped 1,000,000 3 largest cities Boston Philadelphia New York People also moved away from cities & towns to clearing forests & building farms.

Using a Venn Diagram, compare & contrast the details below: Lesson 4 Review: Using a Venn Diagram, compare & contrast the details below: Use the New England & Middle Colonies Topics of “geography” & “reason for founding”

Lesson 2 Review: 1. New England Colonies Middle Colonies

Lesson 2 Review: Rocky soil Religious freedom for Puritans 1. Rocky soil Religious freedom for Puritans New England Colonies Middle Colonies

Lesson 2 Review: Rocky soil Religious freedom for Puritans 1. Rocky soil Religious freedom for Puritans Fertile soil Religious freedom for Quakers New England Colonies Middle Colonies

Lesson 2 Review: Rocky soil Religious freedom for Puritans 1. Rocky soil Religious freedom for Puritans Along the coast Controlled by England Fertile soil Religious freedom for Quakers New England Colonies Middle Colonies

Lesson 2 Review: 2. Why were the Middle Colonies known as the “breadbasket of the colonies”?

Because they grew so much wheat. Lesson 2 Review: 2. Why were the Middle Colonies known as the “breadbasket of the colonies”? Because they grew so much wheat.

3. Explain how the New England colony was founded by a dissenter. Lesson 2 Review: 3. Explain how the New England colony was founded by a dissenter.

3. Explain how the New England colony was founded by a dissenter. Lesson 2 Review: 3. Explain how the New England colony was founded by a dissenter. Possible Answer: The views of Roger Williams clashed with Puritan leaders, so he left and founded what became Rhode Island.

4. What attracted settlers to Georgia? Lesson 2 Review: 4. What attracted settlers to Georgia?

4. What attracted settlers to Georgia? Lesson 2 Review: 4. What attracted settlers to Georgia? A new life free of debt.

Exit ticket! What is the main difference between a Puritan & a Pilgrim in regards to their stance on the Church of England?