One Health Initiative Global Clearinghouse for Action involving Rabies and Other Zoonoses the pro bono OHI Team Laura Kahn MD Bruce Kaplan DVM Tom Monath MD Jack Woodall PhD

Definition “One Health is the collaborative efforts of multiple disciplines working locally, nationally, and globally to attain optimal health for People & other animals, plants and our environment.”

Rabies: Perfect Example of how One Health is essential Physicians to vaccinate & treat victims Veterinarians to vaccinate & sterilize dogs & cats Wildlife experts to advise on oral vaccination Ecologists to tell responsible authorities why sterilization is better than culling Sanitarians to eliminate garbage that feeds strays Educators to teach people to vaccinate their pets Media to inform about risks & prevention, e.g. bats

Benefit - Synergism The One Health concept is a worldwide strategy for expanding interdisciplinary collaboration & communication in all aspects of health care for humans, animals and the environment. The synergism achieved will advance health care for the 21st century & beyond by…

1. Accelerating biomedical research discoveries Multidisciplinary teams of veterinarians, physicians, virologists & wildlife ecologists were responsible for: Development of cell culture and oral-bait wildlife rabies vaccines Discovery of the Lyassavirus family of rabies-related viruses Developing PCR methods for detection of rabies Human monoclonal antibodies for post-exposure treatment for rabies

Accelerating biomedical research discoveries (cont.) More examples: Cancer (human & animal) – breast, ovaries, liver, skin melanoma vaccines Orthopedic diseases/devices (human & animal) – treat human osteoarthritis, develop prostheses, artificial joints Heart disease (human) – treat and prevent heart attacks with intra- coronary arterial “stents”, new drugs

2. Enhancing public health efficacy Examples: Multidisciplinary collaborations of physicians, veterinarians, nurses, microbiologists, engineers, sanitarians, dentists, statisticians, entomologists, ecologists and others Collaborations between local, state, and national agencies – (including local local & state state) – to facilitate and advance disease prevention & control

3. Expeditiously expanding the scientific knowledge base Historic examples: Discovery and naming Ebola virus – K.M. Johnson MD, F. A. Murphy DVM & others at CDC (USA), Nobel prize for physiology or medicine – collaborative research by immunologists R. M. Zinkernagel MD & P.C. Doherty DVM uncovers basic science of how body distinguishes normal from virus-infected cells, 1996.

Expeditiously expanding the scientific knowledge base (cont.) Current examples: Surveillance for bat Lyssaviruses and disease Quantitating rabies exposure health risks Defining transmission dynamics and molecular epidemiology of rabies strains Improving rabies vaccination techniques, e.g. intradermal inoculation

4. Improving medical education and clinical care Significant, improved patient education if physicians and veterinarians advise patients/clients collaboratively about zoonotic risks from pets and wildlife. Knowledge sharing (comparative medicine) at schools of medicine and veterinary medicine – learning how animal and human health impact each other.

One Health Initiative One Health Initiative Global Clearinghouse for One Health Action News items - current & upcoming events – WORLD RABIES DAY, College One Health clubs, national and international One Health meetings Publications – relevant to One Health studies – One Health Newsletter quarterly (Florida Dept. of Health) ProMED-mail.org One Health outbreak reports Twitter – One Health items

One Health Initiative One Health Initiative Endorsing Institutions American Medical Association (AMA) American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) American Society for Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (ASTMH) U.S. Centers for Disease Control & Prevention (CDC) United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) U.S. National Environmental Health Association (NEHA)

One Health Initiative One Health Initiative Join more than 500 prominent scientists, physicians, veterinarians & environmentalists worldwide who have endorsed the initiative

One Health implementation will help protect and/or save untold millions of lives in our generation and for those to come