Participle Participle is a verbal adjective sharing in part the characteristics of both the verb and the adjective.

Participle. Forms PARTICIPLE IPARTICIPLE II ActivePassive PresentAskingBeing asked PerfectHaving asked Having been asked Passive Asked

Present Participle Active/Passive The action named by the participle takes place at the same time as the action named by the finite verb. Do you see the baby waving a flag? (Active) Do you know the student being asked? (Passive) Present Simple That day we stayed at home watching TV. (Active) Being left alone, he didn’t know what to do. (Passive) Past Simple In a few minutes the guests will arrive carrying presents. (Active). Being invited he will attend this meeting. (Passive). Future Simple

P Present Participle- Active/Passive Function They looked at the flying plane. The student reading the book is my brother Active Doing The question being discussed at the meeting is very important. Attribute Passive Being done -щий -вший -мый -щийся

P Present Participle -Active Function (While/When) reading the article he used a dictionary. Receiving the telegram he rang up her mother. Active Doing Adverbial modifier of time -а-я-а-я “Being” “Being” is not used in this function!!! Instead we use clause with WHEN Being in London When I was in London, I visited a lot of sights.

P Present Participle -Active Function He ran up to me breathing heavily. Active Doing Adverbial modifier of manner -а-я-а-я

P Present Participle- Active/Passive Function Not knowing her address, he couldn’t write to her. Being tired, I went to sleep. Active Doing -а -я -будучи Adverbial modifier of reason Being built with great skill, the mansion was used by the family for centuries. Passive Being done (будучи) -енный

P Present Participle Active Function He is reading now. He was reading yesterday at 5. Active Doing Present Continuous Past Continuous Future Continuous Perfect Continuous Future Perfect Continuous Part of predicate

Perfect Participle Active/Passive The action named by the participle takes place prior to the action named by the finite verb Having explained everything, I want to tell you how sorry I am. (Active) Present Simple Having finished the letter, I went to the post-office. Past Simple Having settled the problem, we will make profit. Future Simple

Perfect Participle Active/Passive Adverbial modifier of reason Function Having lost his address, we couldn’t visit him. Active Having done Having been sent to the wrong address, the letter didn’t reach him. Passive Having been done -в-я-в-я Придаточн ое с «так как..»

Perfect Participle Active/Passive Adverbial modifier of time Function Having travelled abroad for 3 months, he returned to Moscow.. Active Having done Having been heated for 2 hours the substance began to melt. Passive Having been done -в-в Придаточн ое с «после того, как..»

Perfect Participle Active/Passive=After + Gerund After he had looked through all the papers Having looked through all the papers After looking though all the papers he left the office. Adverbial modifier of time

PAST PARTICIPLE PASSIVE (PARTICIPLE II) Past Participle (Participle II) has no time. It has only one Passive form.. Verb 3 playedwritten

PAST PARTICIPLE PASSIVE (PARTICIPLE II) FUNCTIONS Attribute The stone thrown by the boy reached the opposite bank. The broken window should be replaced at once.

PAST PARTICIPLE PASSIVE (PARTICIPLE II) FUNCTIONS Adverbial modifier of time (When) asked about it, he gets upset. Past Participle = Present Participle Passive (When) being asked about it, he gets upset.

PAST PARTICIPLE PASSIVE (PARTICIPLE II) FUNCTIONS Adverbial modifier of reason (When) asked about it, he gets upset. Past Participle = Present Participle Passive (When) being asked about it, he gets upset.

PAST PARTICIPLE PASSIVE (PARTICIPLE II) FUNCTIONS Adverbial modifier of condition (IF) built of stone, the road will serve for a long time. Past Participle = Present Participle Passive (IF) being built of stone the road will serve for a long time. IF UNLESS AS