Southwest Asia: Birthplace of civilization, heart of conflict Welcome to the new Unit… we have much to do

LITERATURE KEYSTONE DO NOW . L.N.2.2.3 Explain, interpret, compare, describe, analyze, and/or evaluate connections between texts

LITERATURE KEYSTONE DO NOW . L.N.2.2.3 Explain, interpret, compare, describe, analyze, and/or evaluate connections between texts

Information Progress Reports - to be mailed this week Chapter 21 work due today Chapter 22 - Human Geography of SW Asia - this week MIRPL assignment due dates start next week

CANCELLED Current Events Art Destruction in Iraq - ISIS destroys culture CANCELLED Iran practices destroying U.S. carrier - mock carrier

LITERATURE KEYSTONE DO NOW . L.N.2.2.3 Explain, interpret, compare, describe, analyze, and/or evaluate connections between texts

LITERATURE KEYSTONE DO NOW . L.N.2.2.3 Explain, interpret, compare, describe, analyze, and/or evaluate connections between texts

Arid Climate Less than 18” of precipitation - significantly low amounts - many rivers do not flow year round Land is broken by plateaus and highlands Mediterranean climate in some areas - this provides “green” areas

Animals Animals - must adapt to dry climate - many suited for harsh conditions Camel most important for ability to go long distances - little to no water

Deserts and movement Largest Desert - Rub al-Khalil also called the empty quarter - located on Arabian Peninsula An-Nafud Desert - oasis present - fed from underground springs

Salt Flats/Deserts Iranian Mountains - creates rain shadows Salt Flat Deserts - created from rain shadows - increased evaporation - salt left behind Extremely hot and generally uninhabited

Semi-Arid to Well Watered Coasts Semi-Arid Climate Mediterranean and Coastal Minimal rainfall - supports some grasses - minimal agriculture Cotton and Wheat Animals - grazing and small herding Turkey - goats - mohair largest export Adequate rainfall Hot summers and rainy winters - citrus crops - olives Heavy Irrigation in the summer - can promote year round agriculture

TPS: Use what you know The region is often called a land of extremes. What is meant by this statement.

Human Perspective: Water Saudi water solution - icebergs? - research from 1977 Ships towing icebergs from Antarctica - not feasible How significant is the issue of water?

The Water Problem Needs Solutions Irrigation - large scale needs for farms - manage inconsistent rain - some rivers run dry Hydroelectric needs - consistent and clean power Drinking water - limited freshwater supply Modern and Ancient technology - dams and piping - underground tunnels - water wheels Dams on Tigris and Euphrates - 8 new power plants, Turkey Water coalitions - Israel - limited supplies, source of conflict

Various Dams on the Tigris

More Modern Practice Drip Irrigation - pipes drip water to crops Fossil Water - ancient aquifers underground - 25-30 years of water Desalination - using ocean water to create fresh water - very expensive

Economic Power House: OIL Southwest Region - ½ of the world’s reserves One commodity economy - largest export Uses - gas, oil, plastics, heating, fertilizers

Need for Oil Industrialization Period - automobiles - ships First discovered in 1908 - Persia (Iran) Iraq has large reserves - being developed since the war ended Saudi Arabia - large oil fields, Rub al-Khalil

Transporting Oil Many pipelines - transport to shipping ports Multiple refineries - produce product from crude oil Transportation to various customers - chance for oil spills

Transport Choke Points

Worldwide Oil Production

TOTD: Summary Summarize what you have learned about the human-environment situation in the region. You must use more than three sentences in your summary. Learning Goal: Evaluate your learning based on the daily objectives.