Chapter 15 Section 3 Medieval Europe

France France came out of the division of Charlemagne’s empire. Hugh Capet was chosen by the French nobles to be the king. This began the Capetian Dynasty. They controlled much of the area around Paris.

France Under the Early Capetians Much of this land was controlled by the English.

Philip II Lead a battle against England to reclaim some of the land lost to them. He added more land which made France more powerful.

Land Gains Under Philip II Philip II managed to reclaim much of the land that had been lost to England through several wars.

Philip IV Philip IV (Philip the Fair) met with all three estates or classes of French Society. This meeting became known as the Estates- General. This was France’s first Parliament.

Eastern Europe The Slavs organized villages in Eastern Europe. There are three major ethnic groups of Slavs: –Croats, Serbs, and Bulgarians in Southern Europe. –Poles, Czechs and Slovaks in western Eastern Europe. –In the East were the Ukraninans, Belorussians, and Russians Their major crops were barley, rye, and flax.

Kievan Rus The Vikings had long raided the areas of northern Eastern Europe. By AD 900 a Viking leader named Oleg created a state around the city of Kiev. This was actually a city-state, and the ruler was known as the Grand Duke of Kiev. The boyars were the landholding nobles who helped rule.

The Lands of the Kievan Rus

Eastern Orthodox Church Valdimir, Grand Duke of Kiev, married the Anna, sister of the Byzantine Emperor. This aligned the Rus with the Eastern Orthodox Church. »Vladimir and his family

The Mongols c the Mongols swept into Russia. The Slavs called them Tartars. They destroyed much of Russia. Only the northern city of Novgorod was spared. The city had to pay taxes to the Mongols and was threatened by the Swedes and Germans.

Alexander Nevsky Nevsky defended Novgorod for the Mongols. This earned him the title of grand duke. His descendants took the title Grand Duke of Moscow, an important trading center.

Moscow The rulers of Moscow fought wars to expand their control of territory. It became the center of the Eastern Orthodox Church in Russia, further increasing its importance. Ivan I, Grand duke of Moscow, was given permission by the Mongols to collect taxes.

Ivan III Married Sophia, daughter of the last Byzantine Emperor. He began living like an emperor. He had the Kremlin built and called himself czar. Czar means emperor and is a shortened form of Caesar.

The Kremlin

Ivan III’s Legacy It was in the reign of Ivan III that Moscow threw the Tartars out. In 1480 Ivan refused to pay the customary tribute to the grand Khan Ahmed. He also took the title “grand duke of all the Russias”. He also claimed Moscow to be a Third Rome, and laid foundations for the Russian autocracy.

The Growth of Moscow