 1940s-1960s: Homophile movement › Focus: acceptance, normalization › Assimilationist › White gay men  1969: Stonewall Riots › Led by drag queens, street queer youth, queer people of color

 s: Gay Liberation Movement › Focus: gay pride, coming out › More radical approach › Sought to eliminate heterosexual/homosexual dichotomy › Origin of Pride marches › Intersected with other New Left causes

 1970s-1980s: gay rights movement › Back to assimilation › Reformist › Mostly limited to gay & lesbian causes › Established a wedge between sexuality & gender movements › Baker v. Nelson

 1980s: AIDS epidemic (GRID) › Led to a push for more direct action › ACT UP › Beginning to reclaim “queer” › Trans* activism  1990s › Growth of youth-led movements › Growth of HRC › Intersectionality › DOMA, FMA

 2000s-2010s: marriage equality became the main focus › HRC leading the national fight › State-level groups like Equality PA, Garden State Equality, etc. › Multifaceted approach › Civil unions › Uses the same assimilationist, normalization strategies as homophile movement and 70s gay rights movement › Lack of intersectionality

- State by State "shall be between one man and one woman. A marriage between persons of the same sex which was entered into in another state or foreign jurisdiction, even if valid where entered into, shall be void in this Commonwealth." PA - Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA) - Federal Marriage Act (FMA)

-joint tax benefits -estate benefits -social security and disability benefits -insurance through spouse -bereavement leave -consumer benefits -medical visitation -medical decision making -family rights -housing rights "families only" -residency/ immigration benefits Being "married" means.....

 Are civil unions an acceptable compromise?  Conservative arguments against marriage equality revolve around religion. Are these religious arguments valid?  Has the marriage equality movement been successful in gaining acceptance and normalization?  What are the implications of using an assimilationist/normalizing/reformist strategy, rather than a radical approach?

 Which strategy would you prefer, assimilation/normalization or anti- assimilation/separatism?  Does the federal government have the authority to define marriage?  Is marriage an LGBTQIA/queer issue? What are the implications of using marriage as the main focus?  Will other queer issues be addressed after marriage equality?

 The marriage equality movement has been criticized for its lack of intersectionality and lack of universal appeal to all queer people. How can we make the movement more inclusive?  What are your thoughts on equating the marriage equality movement with the civil rights movement?  What are your thoughts on feminist & radical queer arguments against the institution of marriage as a whole?