STUDY SESSION RENAISSANCE UNIT EXAM

DEFINE RENAISSANCE

RENAISSANCE: The word Renaissance is literally translated to mean re-birth. It is the re-birth of classic Greek and Roman ideas and knowledge.

WORLDVIEW SHIFT How did the worldview shift between the Middle Ages and the Renaissance?

MIDDLE AGES Life was tough God centred Feudalism Hierarchy “Suffer today, paradise tomorrow” Church in control of worship

RENAISSANCE Man centred Break down of feudalism – more freedom “Live for Today” People enjoyed more earthly pleasures More detailed art Church still powerful, but people can worship anywhere Faster spread of knowledge – especially after the printing press

FEUDALISM

THE HIERARCHY Feudalism – the dominant social system in medieval Europe, in which nobility held lands from the Crown in exchange for military service, and vassals were in turn tenants of the nobles, while peasants (villeins or serfs) were obliged to live on the lord’s land and give him homage, labour, and a share of the produce in exchange for military protection.

TREATMENT OF FEUDALISM PEOPLE

THE CROWN The Crown was at the top of the hierarchy Everyone obeyed the crown The held all the power

BISHOPS AND BARONS The church came next in the hierarchy Barons and Bishops held the same amount of power Bishops were given land from the crown Over time the church became a very large landowner This led to the church begin very important to the people of medieval times

KNIGHTS AND NOBLES Third on the hierarchy were Knights and Nobles They would have to swear oaths of allegiance in order to get land They would have peasants who would work on their land. They were responsible to the crown and had to devote themselves to military service.

PEASANTS Bottom of the hierarchy Uneducated Worked for the knights and nobles Some were freemen who rented land Most were serfs

ITALY

GEOGRAPHY OF ITALY – HOW IT HELPED Surrounded by water Close to surrounding countries Controlled the main trade routes – Black Sea and Mediterranean Sea Good climate Allowed for longer growing season Trade routes stayed open because it didn’t get too cold

CRUSADES

PURPOSE OF THE CRUSADES The purpose of the Crusades was to reclaim the Holy Land (Jerusalem)

WHAT THE CRUSADES ACCOMPLISHED Trade between Venice and other Italian cities and the East had been re-established Contact with Muslim civilizations Trade Knowledge from the Muslim’s

WORLDVIEW

WORLDVIEW DEFINED A collection of VALUES and BELIEFS about life and the universe that is common to a group of people

BUBONIC PLAGUE Explain how the bubonic plague sparked a significant change in worldview.

SHIFT IN WORLDVIEW Everyone was getting sick Saw it as God’s punishment Even church officials died People questioned the church Started to live for the day Millions died Caused the break down of feudalism because of a new competitive work place

VIEWS TOWARDS THE CHURCH How were the views towards the church altered in the Renaissance?

ALTERED VIEWS People questioned the church power and corruption People started to believe that the bible is the source of worship, not just the church Worship should be anywhere, not just in a church

CHANGE IN ART How did art show a change in worldview between the Renaissance and the Middle Ages?

MIDDLE AGES No perspective Flat No detail – went against God’s creation Religious paintings were all depicted in church

RENAISSANCE 3D imagery Detailed faces Depth Religious paintings could be depicted anywhere