The Thirteen Original Colonies 8th Grade History Bonham Middle School 2014-2015

Table of Contents New England Colonies Map New England Colonies Characteristics and Factors Middle Colonies Map Middle Colonies Characteristics and Factors. Southern Colonies Map Southern Colonies Characteristics and Factors Basic Differences in the Three Regions of the Colonies- Economies Environmental Influence On the Colonies Historical Effects of the Colonies

New England Colonies Map

New England Colonies Characteristics and Factors Physical Characteristics – Atlantic Ocean, subsistence farming, poor soil, cold climate, forest. Boston and Portland have  natural harbors Human Characteristics Economic factors : raw materials, logging, fishing, shipbuilding Political factors: town meetings, representative government Social factors small coastal towns(Boston only large city), Religious factors : Puritans

Middle Colonies Map

Middle Colonies Characteristics and Factors Physical Characteristics – Rich soil; broad, deep rivers; more natural ports; river valleys, mild winters, raw materials, Atlantic Ocean, New York City, Baltimore, and Norfolk have natural harbors Human Characteristics Economic factors : large farms, logging, fishing, shipbuilding Political factors : more tolerance Social factors :small coastal towns(Philadelphia, Baltimore, New York were large cities), Religious factors : Quakers, Catholics

Southern Colonies Map

Southern Colonies Characteristics and Factors Physical Characteristics – Appalachian Mountains, navigable rivers, richer soil, warm climate, raw materials, Charleston has a natural harbor Human Characteristics Economic factors: plantations Political factors: more enslaved people, more class-based society Social factors: small coastal towns (Savannah, Charleston were large cities), Religious factors : Church of England, Catholics (Maryland), more diversity

Basic Differences in the Three Regions of the Colonies- Economies New England – shipbuilding and manufacturing region Middle Colonies – agriculture and cattle- producing Southern Colonies – agricultural; cash crops: cotton, indigo, tobacco

Environmental Influence On the Colonies New England and Middle Colony access to waterways (ports and rivers) resulted in high population density and large urban areas. Southern Colonies had an abundant amount of fertile soil that resulted in an agricultural economy, a plantation system, and a low population density.

Historical Effects of the Colonies. Physical geographic factors – proximity to Atlantic coastline determined where settlements/colonies were created Human geographic factors – removal of the American Indians; disease and conflict (e.g., Georgia as a buffer between the other British colonies and Spanish Florida)