Settling the Thirteen Colonies England began exploring eastern part of North America shortly after Columbus made his voyage Jamestown  1 st Permanent English settlement in1607  Funded by a joint-stock company  Overcame troubles with the help of local Native Americans

Settling the Thirteen Colonies The New England Colonies  Group of Puritans wanted to break from the Church of England  Known as Separatist – later Pilgrims  Wrote the Mayflower Compact One of the first plans for self-government  10 years later, more Puritans arrived with a charter for the Massachusetts Bay Colony  Formed Rhode Island, Connecticut, Maine, and New Hampshire

Settling the Thirteen Colonies The Middle Colonies  1609 – Henry Hudson (Dutch) discovered Hudson River valley  Established New Netherland (New York) and New Amsterdam (New York City)  Charles II seized from the Dutch, gave to his brother – the Duke of York  Other land became New Jersey  1681 – William Penn established Pennsylvania  Lower counties became Delaware

The Southern Colonies Tobacco helped Virginia thrive Maryland was a proprietary colony providing refuge for Catholics 1663 – King Charles II gave friends land named Carolina  Developed in to North and South Carolina King George II developed Georgia as a place for English debtors to start over Southern Colonies relied on agriculture  Many people came over as indentured servants

The American Revolution New Ideas Influence the Colonists  Philosophes stressed reason and logic to understand natural laws  John Locke – government existed because people allow them to exist  Great Awakening emphasized individualism

The Growing Rift with Britain 1750s Great Britain and France were fighting for control of North America  Led to French and Indian War  British won, looked to Colonists to pay for the war  Proclamation of 1763 – stopped expansion past Appalachians “No Taxation Without Representation”  British began enforcing tax laws, and passing new taxes  October 1765 – issued Declaration of Rights and Grievances  Britain passed the Townshend Acts  Violence broke out, leading to the Boston Massacre in 1770

The Growing Rift with Britain “No Taxation Without Representation”  Committees of correspondence created  1773 – dumped tea off British ships in protest  Parliament passed Coercive Acts as punishment (Intolerable Acts)  Colonists met at the First Continental Congress (1774)  Agreed to continue boycott of British goods  First shots fired in Lexington, MA in April 1775  Met at the Second Continental Congress George Washington would be commander of the Continental Army Continue war started  July 4, 1776 – Declaration of Independence issued  3 Parts Individual rights Grievances against the King Independence Declaration

The War for Independence British Advantage: stronger army Colonists Advantages: home territory, George Washington, will to win American victory in Saratoga (1777) turned the war  Convinced the French to join in the American effort Final battle was at Yorktown  British surrendered on October 19, 1781