By Youmasu J. Siewe, Ph.D; MPH State Extension Specialist for Health Education 315 HES, Oklahoma State University Stillwater, OK Tel: Web: Literacy for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Education: The Oklahoma Extension Initiative

Abstract Heart and blood vessel diseases also called cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the most feared the world over, and responsible for more deaths in the United states than cancers, unintentional injuries, drug abuse and other causes combined, (Healthy People 2010). The ever-expanding roles of the extension professional, his/her proximity with the grass-root clientele, could make the extension professional one of the most valuable front-line interventionist in CVD prevention education, and improving the quality of lives for Americans. As active partners in cardiovascular disease prevention, extension educators need basic knowledge of the etiology and risk factors of CVD, such as presented in this program which has been successfully used in urban as well as rural settings. Conference participants will understand the components of a science-based but extension-friendly heart disease literacy (curriculum) that emphasizes the alterable risk factors of cardiovascular disease. Familiarity with the use of an evaluation tool to determine post teaching behavioral-change impact is also discussed.

Session Objectives: Understand: 1.Background of CVD – why the fuss? 2.Components of the Oklahoma Literacy for CVD Prevention Education 3.Ask Questions

Background of CVD  Leading Cause of Death in America  910,000 deaths annually  1 death every 31 seconds  More common in people 65 >  Increasing in ages  70 million Currently have CVD  Cost in 2006 Estimated at $403 Billion Source: CDC Heart Disease & Stroke at glance

Controllable Risk Factors of Heart or CVD  High blood pressure (Hypertension).  High Blood Cholesterol  Physical Inactivity.  Smoking/Use of Tobacco Products  Obesity & Overweight  Excess Stress and Personality Type  Diabetes

Introduction to Common CVD Terms  Cardio – vascular = Cardiovascular  Ventricles  Atrium  Blood  Cholesterol  Lipoprotein  Atherosclerosis  Angina  Thrombus, Embolus  Hypertension  Hypotension  Angioplasty; Stent; Beta & Calcium Channel blockers; HDL; LDL; Bypass surgery

Common Types of CVD  Hypertension.Atherosclerosis  Angina PectorisHeart Attack (MI)  Arrhythmia (abnormal heart beat)  Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA)  Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)  Heart Diseases in Children  _____________  Stroke or CVA

Focus:  Basic Anatomy/Physiology Review  Risk Factors & Prevention  Basic Pathology (Disease Process)  Identifying Signs/Symptoms of CVD  Routine Health Care Visits  Behavior Change Processes  Cost Effectiveness of Healthy Lifestyles and Hands-on Activities

Basic Anatomy & Physiology

Use of Heart Models

Use of Images: From Healthy - Diseased Vessels

Images: Disease Process Cont.

I Images: Disease Process cont.

Images: Disease Process cont.

Contributing Lifestyle – Physical Inactivity

Contributing Life Styles - Smoking

Contributing Lifestyles: Foods

Contributing Lifestyles: Food Portions

Lifestyle: Being Physically Active as best as you can - in your own Way!

Excuses - We need to do something about your Obesity But, Obesity Runs in Our Family Maybe No One Runs in Your Family

Summary: Preventing Heart or Cardiovascular Disease  Stop smoking tobacco products (cigarettes, Pipes, Cigars  Eat more fresh fruit and vegetables, at least 5 servings per day.  Reduce intake of foods high in cholesterol (fats from animal sources, read food labels).  Vigorous, moderate or tolerable exercise, at least 3 times a week for minutes or be active as best as you can.  Learn to manage stress.  Reduce your weight.  Prevent/control/treat high blood pressure or hypertension.

Evaluation Component!

Bibliography n State-specific Data on CVD: n n Others: n n Healthy People n n Green, L., and Ottoson, J. (1999). Community and Population Health, 8th edition. Boston: WCB/McGraw-Hill. n U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (1991). Healthy People 2000: National Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Objectives. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office. n U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Healthy People Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office. n Internet Resources n U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.

The End Evaluation Component!