ENGLISH IMMIGRANTS IN MODERN SPAIN Herbert S. Klein Madrid March 6, 2010

 English Traditional Emigrants since 18 th century  Spain as Destination only becomes important in late 1990s – 60% come after 2000 (timing equal to all but Moroccans)  English represent 4 th largest immigrant community.  They grow steadily and as late as 2009 retain their rank among immigrant groups

After 2000 Spain second only to Australia as destination of UK emigrants

 Regional Origins quite Diverse  No direct correlation between Size of Regional English Population and Emigrant Populations in Spain  Many regions do not participate in migration  Spanish bound English emigration rate close to UK emigration rates for

 Demographic Structure Unique  Oldest of the immigrants  Fewest in Working Ages  Closest of Immigrant Groups to Spanish resident population in terms of age  Normal sex ratios for entire UK group, but UNUSUAL sex ratios for persons over 60

Classic retiree age structure

 The Classic Retirement Community  Thus more home owning, more direct renters, more married with spouses present than any other major immigrant group  Primarily came to Spain for Weather and Cheap Housing  Unusual residential distribution of English compared to all other Groups  Coasts and Islands – few in Madrid or interior provinces.

 Age & Income Discrimination among UK Settlements in Spain  Yorkshire vs Southeast origins  Balearic islands attract richer migrants, and Canaries poorer ones in general  Malaga, Castellón, Granada & Madrid more exclusive and Girona is dominated by poorer migrants. Alicante and other communities more mixed.

 Under-represented among workers  Concentrated in Tourist services and education. Crucial role of British Council in Spain (their best overseas market)  Not in agriculture, industry or construction – the traditional immigrant occupations