AP HUMAN GEOGRAPHY CH 20n CLASS NOTES 16o Commercialization and the Transformation of the Rural Sector

Byzantine Proverb (don’t have to write!!) He who has bread has many problems He who has no bread has only one problem

Commercial Agriculture Evol. Subsistence Feudalism Industrialization Imperialism – Seek Colonies & new land Suitable Environments & plentiful labor = New farm types

Making Money - Commercial Agriculture – - World markets for agricultural goods - Luxury Crops – - coffee, tea, tobacco

Cash Crops Non-subsistence Colonially imposed on poor countries Sugar, Cotton, Tobacco, Indigo, Rubber Plantation Agriculture – Cash Crop grown on large estates (monoculture) Poor countries need $ generated this way

World Agriculture

Areas of Commercial Agriculture 1. Dairying 2. Fruit Crops 3. Mixed livestock & Crop Farming 4. Commercial Grain Farming

Different Crops / Different Societies WORLD’S 2 KEY GRAIN CROPS 1. WHEAT = Grown on large estates = Mechanized methods = Wealthier countries 2. RICE = Smaller land plots = labor intensive = poorer countries

Important Crops NOT Easily Mapped ILLEGAL DRUGS Demand great in wealthy countries Profitable for poorer farmers to grow Poppy or Coca Plants HUGE source of revenue for Poor Countries

Coca Plant Poppy Plant

3 rd Agricultural Revolution Age of Biotechnology Agribusiness – Large scale, mechanized industrial agriculture controlled by corporate interests Suitcase Farm – Grain farm no one lives on

Agribusiness Corporations

The Green Revolution (farming) Higher yield crops for developing countries Rice, wheat, corn Adv. Farming technologies = Increased Production Narrow gap between pop growth and food need (Malthus)

CA Bill Defeated

Pepperdine University's poll shows a once-wide lead tightening rapidly. Pepperdine University