Triple Effect of Reject to Power on Joburg’s Waste Vision Klaus-Dieter Merzeder Christof Group, Reject to Power Austria

Global-Objectives for Waste Treatment Starting Point and CoJ Waste Management Strategy Global-Objectives for Waste Treatment Treatment of waste from households and industry is one of the main issues all over the world. prevention re-use recycling Even with modern waste collection, re-use and recycling systems, one will end up with a fraction of mixed residual waste, which needs to be treated in a sustainable way. recovery disposal

Typical Composition of Mixed Residual Waste MIXED RESIDUAL WASTE Based on Eastern European countries Plastics: 14% Organics: 50% Glas: 4% Paper/Cardboard: 18% Metal: 4% Miscellaneous: 10%

Waste Treatment Requirements What do we expect from sustainable waste management ? No methane emissions – no landfill of organic material Recycling standards and closed loop to be considered High profitability and short pay back Optimized energy output and maximized energy utilization Easy, low cost operation and maintenance friendly Substitution of fossil energy sources

What is Reject to Power? The technology is a combination of: Reject to Power is an incineration technology based on an impeller (“spinning wheel”), and a moving grate. Through that distribution the fuel particles fall on an existing glowing bed which ensures excellent burning conditions. Therefore the system is able to use fuels with a high moisture content and low heating value. The technology is a combination of: Flight Phase Drying / Combustion (Similar to Fluidized Bed Technology) Grate Combustion

Introduction to the Innovative Combustion Technology Spinning wheel fuel injection Multi zones grate with separate air supplies  horizontal moving grate  defined combustion and burn out zone Staged combustion by several air supplies  primary air  secondary air  primary and secondary recirculation air Adiabatic combustion chamber Combustion tower 2 sec. Retention Time > 850°C Secondary air Secondary air Post combustion Fuel supply by wheels Recirculation air Combustion zone Burnout zone primary and recirculation air Grate ash Individually controlled air supply

Main Plant Components Boiler Flue gas treatment R2P Core unit Additionally required systems Fuel: treatment, transport and storage Ash: transport and storage Boiler Flue gas treatment R2P Core unit Modular - concept from 5 to 30 MW Tailored system

Plant and Fuel Capacity Ranges Plant sizes From 5 MW to 30+ MW thermal firing capacity Modularized units Steam From 15 to 80 bar Steam Pressure Saturated or super-heated steam Range of residues Lower Heating Value from 6.500 - 18.000kJ/kg Maximum Water Content: 45% Ash Melting Temperature: min. 1.050°C

Case Study 1 R2P with steam turbine R2P Pros Moderate investment High efficiency Generation of electricity and steam Simple installation and service Cons High specific investment of electric power generation Low electric power output No backup R2P

Case Study 2 R2P Heating boiler R2P Pros Low investment Simple process High efficiency Cons No power generation Only for heating supply Cooperation industrial and community R2P

Case Study 3 R2P with coal boiler and steam turbine R2P Pros High efficiency Flexibility in fuels Back up Generation electricity and heat Cons Higher investment cost Combination industry and community Fossil Fuel Boiler R2P

Case Study 4 R2P boiler and CHP gas turbine R2P Pros Tailored solution for industrial requirement Generation electricity and heat Cons Highest investment Sophisticated concept, 3 units Lot of power generation based on natural gas Industrial solution Common European concept R2P

Case Study Summary

Magic 3 R and Triple Effect REDUCE  Waste to landfill By innovative process as S@S (separation at source) Paper Glas Plastic etc. Waste as fuel Potential for significant Reduction RECOVERY Waste to Energy through incineration Generating electric and heating energy Partnering with industry and community as joined project Ash is harmful, eluate free and without E-coli bacteria RE-USE Waste as fuel a social and environmental challenge Prepare fuel for thermal treatment Production of high quality fuel Recycling of metals

Flow Diagram Utilisationrate of 99% Max. Utilisationrate of 98% Example for cardboard production residues Utilisationrate of 99% Example for household waste Max. Utilisationrate of 98% with S@S 86% without S@S 53%

References Saica Containerboard Partington Startup: 2012 Fuel Heat Capacity: 22 MW Fuel: rejects and paper fibers from cardboard mill RBB Böblingen Startup: 2008 Fuel Heat Capacity: 6,0 MW Fuel: screening residues from wood chip fabrication MM Karton Hirschwang Startup: 2005 Fuel Heat Capacity: 4,8 MW Fuel: rejects, wood and bio sludge

Motivation for this innovative Technolgy Best Practice Combustion Technology Wide Range of Residues and Solid Fuels Reliable and Proven Technology Benefits for the CoJ Reduce landfill significant Re-use waste as energy source Low investment by high pay back Minimizing transport activities Achieving all limits according to the European Waste Directive Tailored plants for individual requirements SA needs a Waste to Energy success story  lets start it ! is the solution for your requirements!

Christof Group SERVICES OF THE GROUP COMPETENCE & EXPERIENCE

Thank you for your attention. Any questions? Klaus-Dieter Merzeder Christof Group, Reject to Power Austria