Overview of USAID ADS Requirements and USG HIV/AIDS Legislation IGWG TOT November 3 – 5, 2004

USAID, Gender, & Development * Through attention to gender issues, our development assistance programs will be more equitable, more effective and –ultimately– more sustainable. ~USAID Gender Plan of Action, 1996 Let’s now put gender in the context of USAID. The USAID Gender Plan of Action, 1996, states: “Through attention to gender issues, our development assistance programs will be more equitable, more effective and – ultimately – more sustainable.

ADS Requirements, Jan 2003 Mission Strategic Planning ADS 201.3.7.1: Statement of Strategic Objective ADS 201.3.8.4: Gender Analysis How will gender relations affect the achievement of sustainable results? How will proposed results affect the relative status of men and women? ADS 201.3.12.6 Activity Design Are women and men involved or affected differently by the context or work to be undertaken? If so, would this difference be an important factor in managing sustainable program impact? Four key areas to be addressed: Strategic planning, Activity Planning/Performance Monitoring, Competitive Solicitations, Annual Reports ADS 201.3.7.1: A Strategic objective must be expressed in terms of a result or impact that permits objective measurement and is clear, precise and gender disaggregated as appropriate. ADS 201.3.8.4: Strategic Plans must reflect attention to gender concerns. Unlike other technical analyses, gender is not a separate topic to be analyzed and reported in isolation. Instead, USAID’s gender mainstreaming approach requires that appropriate gender analysis be applied to the range of technical issues that are considered in the development of a given strategic plan. Analytical work performed in the planning and development of SOs and IRs must address at least two questions: How will gender relations affect the achievement of sustainable results? How will proposed results affect the relative status of men and women? ADS 201.3.12.6: Activities designed following approval of the strategic plan must address gender issues in a manner consistent with the findings of the gender assessment. For each activity, the Operating Unit must outline the most significant gender issues that need to be considered during implementation. These issues should reflect consideration of the following two questions: Are women and men involved or affected differently by the context or work to be undertaken? If so, would this difference be an important factor in managing sustainable program impact? If the Operating Unit determines there are no significant gender issues, it must provide a brief rationale to that effect in place of the gender statement in the Activity Approval document. The Approving official makes sure the criteria are adequately met.

ADS Requirements, Jan 2003 ADS 201.3.12.15 Activity Approval Outline the most significant gender issues that need to be considered during implementation, and describe expected outcomes. If the Operating Unit determines that there are no significant gender issues, provide a brief rationale to that effect ADS 203.3.4.3: Reflecting Gender Considerations in Performance Indicators Gender sensitive indicators Sex-disaggregated data ADS 302.5.14: Incorporating Gender Considerations into evaluation criteria for competitive solicitations ADS 201.3.12.15 Activity Approval Documents at a minimum must … Outline the most significant gender issues that need to be considered during activity implementation, and describe expected outcomes OR If the Operating Unit determines that there are no significant gender issues, provide a brief rationale to that effect ADS 203.3.4.3 Reflecting Gender Considerations in Performance Indicators Performance management systems and evaluations at the SO and IR levels must include gender sensitive indicators ans sex-disaggregated data when the technical analyses supporting the SO, the IR, or the activities to be undertaken under the SO demonstrate that: The Activities or their anticipated results involve or affect women and men differently; and If so, this difference would be an important factor in managing for sustainable program impact. ADS 302.5.14: To ensure that competitive contract solicitations are in compliance with ADS gender requirements, Contracting Officers must: Incorporate into the RFP the statement outlining gender issues or confirm that the Strategic Objective Team completed the rationale for not specifying gender issues as part of the activity approval; AND Include in the RFP an appropriately weighted technical evaluation criterion addressing the gender considerations specified in the statement, if applicable.

Illustrative Examples of Gender Evaluation Criteria For Program Implementation and Evaluation: Gender research, analyses, or assessments, and consultations with women’s advocacy groups Gender equitable consultation and participation in all phases of activities Gender considerations in activity design, training, and procurement actions Sex-disaggregated data for indicators and targets For Staff Qualifications: Key personnel with demonstrated sectoral and gender analysis skills Position descriptions that require gender expertise, especially for leadership positions For Institutional Capacity: Commitment to gender in previous contracts, cooperative agreements, or grants Gender-equitable policies and mission statements Publications on gender issues

Annual Report Guidance Issued Sept 2003 (FY 2004) 1. Program Performance Summary Guidance Annex III: Program Performance Summary Checklist - What are the gender implications of the program and how does the program address gender disparities? 2. SO Level Narrative Guidance Annex VII: SO Level Narrative - What gender factors are critical to the achievement of the SO? - How does the program mainstream gender? - How will gender biases, where applicable, be improved. The Program Performance Summary provides an overview of the program. This section should address the question: What are the gender implications of the program and how does the program address gender disparities? As part of the SO Level Narrative operating units are to report on any critical gender issues and/or dynamics. What gender factors are critical to the achievement of the SO? How does the program mainstream gender? How will gender biases, where applicable, be improved.

Requirements in HIV/AIDS Legislation Meet the unique needs of women, including the empowerment of women in interpersonal situations, young people and children, including those orphaned by HIV/AIDS and those who are victims of sex trade, rape, sexual abuse, assault and exploitation (Act, Title I, Section 101, (b) (3) (E)) Encourage men to be responsible in their sexual behavior, child rearing, and to respect women including the reduction of sexual violence and coercion (Act, Title I, Section 101, (b) (3) (F)) Increase women’s access to employment opportunities, income, productive resources, and microfinance programs (Act, Title I, Section 101, (b) (3) (G)) Programs that are specifically targeted at women and girls to educate them about the spread of HIV/AIDS. (Act, Title I, Section 101, (b) (3) (R)) Ensure the importance of inheritance rights of women, particularly women in African countries, due to exponential growth in the number of young widows, orphaned girls, and grandmothers becoming head of households… (Act, Section 314 (b) (4)) Relevant language on gender in PEPFAR: United States Leadership against HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria Act of 2000. Specific strategies developed to meet the unique needs of women, including the empowerment of women in interpersonal situations, young people and children, including those orphaned by HIV/AIDS and those who are victims of sex trade, rape, sexual abuse, assault and exploitation (Act, Title I, Section 101, (b) (3) (E)) Specific strategies developed to encourage men to be responsible in their sexual behavior, child rearing, and to respect women including the reduction of sexual violence and coercion (Act, Title I, Section 101, (b) (3) (F)) Specific strategies to increase women’s access to employment opportunities, income, productive resources, and microfinance programs (Act, Title I, Section 101, (b) (3) (G)) Programs that are specifically targeted at women and girls to educate them about the spread of HIV/AIDS. (Act, Title I, Section 101, (b) (3) (R)) In addition, the pilot program of assistance for children and families affected by HIV/AIDS “should ensure the importance of inheritance rights of women, particularly women in African countries, due to the exponential growth in the number of young widows, orphaned girls, and grandmothers becoming heads of households as a result of HIV/AIDS pandemic” Ensure the importance of inheritance rights of women, particularly women in African countries, due to exponential growth in the number of young widows, orphaned girls, and grandmothers becoming head of households… (Act, Section 314 (b) (4))

USG Global Five-year HIV/AIDS Strategy Recognizes gender inequality as driving HIV and contributing to devastation of HIV/AIDS Calls for efforts to target men with messages that challenge norms about masculinity Calls for efforts to mitigate and reduce violence Gaps - especially in the areas of treatment and care The President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief: U.S. Five-year Global HIV/AIDS Strategy