অনুশীলনকারীদের জন্য প্রশিক্ষণ মডিউল সাব - মডিউল ১ : দুর্যোগ ঝুঁকি হ্রাস এবং জলবায়ু পরিবর্তনে উপযোগীকরনের মৌলিক বিষয় সমূহ Av‡jvP¨ welq 1.1 DDR (`y‡h©vM SuywK n«vmKiY) cwiwPwZ Training Module for Practitioners: Sub-module 1: Fundamentals of Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation Topic 1.1: Introduction DRR 1 অনুঘট ক

1.1 Introduction to DDR 2Topic 1: Sub-Topic : Introduction to DDR

cÖwkÿ‡Yi D‡Ïk¨ Ges KvVv‡gv 3 GB gwWD‡j hv ‡kLv hv‡e DRR (`y‡h©vM SuywK n«vmKiY) Gi wbqgbxwZ, kãvejx Ges cÖwµqv cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©vM/SuywK wK? cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©vM ¯’vbxq GjvKv Ges A_©bxwZi Dci †Kgb cÖfve we¯Ívi K‡i cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©vM Ges SuywKi ÿwZKviK w`K¸‡jv n«vm Kivi Rb ¨ g~j AvšÍR©vwZK Pzw³/D‡` ¨ vM mg~n wK wK? Ab¨vb¨ †`k mg~n wKfv‡e SuwyK n«vm K‡i| Dògvb c„w_ex‡Z cÖvK„wZK `y‡h©vM we‡k¦i me©ÎB cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©vM ÿwZ K‡i| cÖvK…wZK cwiewZ©Zv I gvby‡li wbqš¿‡Yi evB‡i _vKvi `iæY cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©vM‡K Gwo‡q _vKv hvq bv| Avgiv G mg¯Í aŸsmjxjv †_‡K I cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©vMRwbZ A_©‰bwZK mg…w×i Dci `xN©‡gqv`x cÖfve Ges mvgvwRK ÿwZ mvab †_‡K mKj‡K iÿv Ki‡Z cvwi| Rjevqy cwieZ©b Av‡iv Zxeª n‡Z cv‡i Ges Nb Nb Pig `y‡h©v‡Mi KviYI n‡Z cv‡i| Topic 1: Sub-Topic : Introduction to DDR

msÁv Ges g~j kã mg~n ‡Kvb m¤¢ve¨ NUbvi mvgwóK KviY Ges Gi †bwZevPK djvdj mg~‡ni wfwˇZ (`y‡h©vM SuywK †`Lv †h‡Z cv‡i) [INISDR 2009 ] cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©vM‡K wewfbœfv‡e †kÖYxwef³ Kiv hvq †hgb, Rjevqywe`¨v ( Climatology) A_©vr †hLv‡b _vK‡Z cv‡i `xN©‡gqv`x Ges eo cwim‡i cÖfve †hgb, Liv, AwaK ZvcgvÎv BZ¨vw`| AvenvIqvwe`¨v ( Meteorological ) A_©vr hv n‡Z cv‡i ¯^í †gqv`x cÖfve we¯ÍviKvix †hgb, MÖx®§gÛjxq So| Rjwe`¨v ( Hydrological) welqK A_©vr ¯^vfvweK cvwbi Zzjbvq AwaK cvwbi cÖevn, eb¨v BZ¨vw`| f‚we`¨v ( Geophysical ) welqK †hgb f‚wgm¤ú`| RxeweÁvb ( Biological ) welqK †hgb,†Kvb welv³ c`v‡_©i d‡j †Kvb ‰RweK cÖvYxmË¡vi cÖKvk 4 cÖvK…wZK NUbv hv Rxeb nvwb NUv‡Z cv‡i, ¯^v‡¯’¨i Dci weiƒc cÖwZwµqvi m„wó Ki‡Z cv‡i, m¤ú` aŸsm Ki‡Z cv‡i, RxweKvq‡bi I †mevmg~‡ni ÿwZ Ki‡Z cv‡i, mvgvwRK Ges Avw_©K †ÿ‡Î weNœ NUv‡Z cv‡i A_ev cwi‡ekMZ wech©q NUv‡Z cv‡i (`y‡h©vM n«vm Ki‡Yi Rb¨ RvwZmsN AvšÍR©vwZK †KŠkj INISDR, 2001 ) Topic 1: Sub-Topic : Introduction to DDR

5 m½v Ges g~j kã mg~n NvZ‡cv‡hvMxZv (Vulnerability) ‡Kvb Rb‡Mvwô, ev c×wZi Ae¯’v Ges ˆewkó¨ n‡”Q †Kvb `y‡h©vM ev ÿwZ‡K mnbkxj K‡i †bq (UNISDR, 2009) Abve„ZKiY (Exposure) gvbyl, m¤úwË, cÖ_vejx A_ev Ab¨vb¨ Dcv`vb GKm‡½ i‡q‡Q, hw`I G¸‡jvi ÿwZ nIqvi h‡_ó KviY i‡q‡Q (UNISDR, 2009) cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©vM Ges Pig Rjevqyi Rb¨ A_©‰bwZK †h ÿwZmvab †`Lv hv‡”Q hv `yive¯’viB ewntcÖKvk| Ab¨ K_vq ejv hvq †h, gvbyl GB `y‡h©vMMÖ¯Í GjvKvq emevm Kivi `iæYB ÿwZi cwigvY e„w× cv‡”Q| Topic 1: Sub-Topic : Introduction to DDR

6 m½v Ges g~j kã mg~n `y‡h©vM SuywK cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©vM †Kvb wbw`©ó gvbe emwZc~Y© GjvKv ev mgv‡R Rxeb nvwb K‡i, ¯^v¯’¨ e¨e¯’vi ÿwZ K‡i, RxweKvqb bó K‡i hv fwel¨r wKQz mg‡qi Rb¨ weivRgvb _v‡K| (UNISDR, 2007) ÒïaygvÎ GKRb †evKvB Dfq cv w`‡q cvwbi MfxiZv cwigvc K‡i|Ó - Pxbv cÖev` fq¼i aŸsmjxjv gvby‡li mgv‡Ri A_©bxwZi, `ªe¨mvgMÖxi cwi‡e‡ki ÿwZ K‡i Ges cÖfvweZ K‡i| hv †m Dc`ªæZ GjvKvi gvby‡li m¤ú` w`‡q KvwU‡q DVv -Zv‡`i mv‡a¨i evB‡i| (UNISDR, 2007) Topic 1: Sub-Topic : Introduction to DDR

7 m½v Ges g~j kã mg~n `y‡h©©vM SuywK e¨e¯’vcbv (DRM) wec` m¼zjZv Ges m¤¢ve¨ `y‡h©v‡Mi cÖfve Kgv‡bvi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRb myk„Lj cÖkvmwbK wb‡`©kbv, mvsMVwbK Ges cwiPvjbv `ÿZv, †KŠkj I bxwZgvjvi ev¯Íevqb Ges mK‡ji mÿgZv AR©b| (UNISDR, 2009) `y‡h©vM n«vmKi‡Yi Rb¨ RvwZmsN AvšÍR©vwZK †KŠkj ( UNISDR ) erm‡i 2 evi ˆewk¦K cwigvc ch©v‡jvPbv cÖKvk K‡i| hv n‡”Q we‡k¦i g‡a¨ `y‡h©vM n«vmKiY ( DRR ) Gi Dci me‡P‡q eo cÖKvkbv| `y‡h©vM SuywK Kgv‡bv Ges G¸‡jvi KviY eySv I we‡kølY BZ¨vw`i Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRb mwVKfv‡e f‚wg I cwi‡ek e¨e¯’vcbv Ges Av‡iv cÖ‡qvRb weiƒc Ae¯’v †gvKv‡ejvi Rb¨ h‡_ó cÖ¯‘wZi| Topic 1: Sub-Topic : Introduction to DDR

SuzwK e¨e¯’vcbv Pµ SzuwK e¨e¯’vcbvi A‡bK aiY i‡q‡Q hv GKB iKg mgwš^Z: cÖwZ‡iva n‡”Q ÿwZ ‡_‡K iÿv cvIqvi GKwU cš’v ˆZix Kiv A_©vr Ggb GKwU c×wZ hvi gva¨‡g cÖK…wZi AvNvZ‡K †gvKv‡ejv Kiv hvq| myiÿv n‡”Q g~j¨evb `ªe¨ mvgMÖxi wbivc` ¯’v‡b ¯’vbvšÍi| 8 প্রস্তুতি প্রতিক্রি য়া উদ্ধার প্রতিরোধ ও প্রতিকার পর্যা লোচনা প্রাকৃতিক দুর্যোগ ব্যবস্থাপনা Topic 1: Sub-Topic : Introduction to DDR

SuzwK e¨e¯’vcbv Pµ 9 cÖ¯‘wZ n‡”Q cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©vM KLb Avm‡Z cv‡i Ges Avm‡j wK Kiv DwPr Zv Abygvb Ki‡Z cviv| mvov ‡`qv n‡”Q Pjgvb Riæix Ae¯’v †gvKv‡ejv K‡i e¨e¯’v MÖnY †hgb Rxeb I m¤úwË iÿv Kiv| cybiæ×vi n‡”Q KwVb Ae¯’vi cÖfve ‡_‡K gy³ Kivi Rb¨ e¨e¯’v MÖnY Ges b~Zb wKQz ms‡hvRb †Rvi`vi KiY| ch©v‡jvPbv n‡”Q `y‡h©vM Ae¯’v †_‡K wkÿv MÖnY Ges SuywK we‡kølY I e¨e¯’vcbv| Sir Michael Pitt’s 2007 m‡b hy³iv‡R¨ e‡q hvIqv eb¨vi Ae¯’v ch©v‡jvPbv K‡i‡Qb| Zuvi ch©v‡jvPbvq †`Lv hv‡”Q †h, †`kwU Av‡iv AwaK e„wócv‡Zi Avk¼v Ki‡Q| G cÖm‡½ Av‡iv c`‡ÿ‡ci g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q eb¨vi ai‡Yi Dci mZK©Zv Aej¤^b Ges DËg cÖwZ‡ivag~jK e¨e¯’v MÖnY| wbw`©ó mgq AšÍi cÖvgvY¨ cÖKvk K‡i SuywK e¨e¯’vcbv Kvh©µg‡K Av‡iv DbœZ Kiv n‡q‡Q| Topic 1: Sub-Topic : Introduction to DDR

10 `y‡h©v‡Mi cÖfve cÖZ¨ÿ ebvg c‡ivÿ cÖvK…wZK wech©q mivmwi Rxeb I m¤ú‡`i ÿwZmvab K‡i| Avi c‡ivÿfv‡e †¯ªv‡Zi DRvb fvwUi cÖwZwµqv Øviv ¯’vqx KvVv‡gvi ÿwZmvab K‡i G‡Z mieivnKvix I †fv³viv ÿwZMÖ¯Í nq| 2005 G msNwUZ n¨vwi‡Kb K¨vUwibvi aŸsmhÁ KvwU‡q DVvi Rb¨ gvbyl †Póv K‡i‡Q| G cÖm‡½ Sujan Neiman Gi e³…Zv †kvbv †h‡Z cv‡i| ev¯Íe ebvg Aev¯Íe wKQz cÖfvi Av‡Q hv ev¯Í‡e ev A_©‰bwZK `„wó‡Z Abyaveb Kiv hvq| wKš‘ Ggb wKQz Av‡Q hv ev¯Í‡e †evSv hvq bv| †hgb, ¯^v¯’¨ I mvgvwRK welq| hw`I G¸‡jv mgfv‡e ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Ges cÖvqB ÿqÿwZi cwigvY wbY©‡q ev` c‡o hvq| Topic 1: Sub-Topic : Introduction to DDR

11 `y‡h©v‡Mi cÖfve (Pjgvb) mvgvwRK I A_©‰bwZK cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©vM mvgvwRK kw³ aŸsm K‡i; gvby‡li ¯^v”Q›`¨ Ges KL‡bv KL‡bv AwfbœZviI ÿwZ mvab K‡i| Gi djkÖæwZ‡Z gvby‡li g‡a¨ gvbwmK wech©q, Ø›` Ges mvgvwRK ÿwZKi w`K¸‡jvi `ªæZ weKvk N‡U| G¸‡jv A_©bxwZ‡Z ewntcÖKvk NUvq †hgb Drcv`b ÿgZv n«vm †c‡Z _v‡K| cwi‡ekMZ cÖwZ‡ek c×wZi ( Ecosystem )Gi ¯’vqx A_ev A¯’vqx ÿwZ cieZx©‡Z Zv KvwU‡q D‡V Gi m‡½ Lvc LvIqv‡bv ev b~Zb cÖwZ‡ek c×wZ ( Ecosystem ) cÖPwjZKiY KwVb n‡q `vovq| Topic 1: Sub-Topic : Introduction to DDR

12 SuywK Dckg Ges Dc‡hvMxKiY c×wZ KvVv‡gvMZ t cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©vM †gvKv‡ejvKiY I `y‡h©vM cieZ©x cybe©vm‡bi Rb¨ ‡Kvb wbg©vY ev cÖ‡KŠkjxK †Kvb ¯’vcbv wbg©vYB KvVv‡gvMZ w`K †hgb, euva wbg©vY, mvgw`ªK †XD cÖwZ‡iva cÖvPxi, f~wgK¤ú cÖwZ‡ivaK feb wbg©vY BZ¨vw` ( INISDR, 2007)| †Kvb †Kvb †ÿ‡Î b`xi Zx‡i euva wbg©vY K‡i ga¨g †gqv`x ev `xN© †gqv`x e¨e¯’v MÖnY Kiv nq| AeKvVv‡gvMZ t GwU Ggb GKwU welq hv `„wó‡MvPi nq bv †hgb-Ávb, P”P©v, bxwZgvjv, AvBb, MYm‡PZbZv, cÖwkÿY Ges wkÿv| †hgb, feb wbg©vY AvBb, cwiKwíZfv‡e f~wg e¨envi AvBb Ges cÖ‡qvM, M‡elYv Ges cwigvc, MYm‡PZbZv ( INISDR, 2007) | Topic 1: Sub-Topic : Introduction to DDR

13 cÖvK„wZK `y‡h©vM 2012 Topic 1: Sub-Topic : Introduction to DDR

14 `y‡h©v‡Mi f~‡Mvj hw`I kZKiv 65 fv‡MiI †ekx `y‡h©vM D”P Ges D”Pga¨g Av‡qi †`k mg~‡n n‡q _v‡K e‡j cÖwZ‡e`‡b D‡jøL Av‡Q Z‡e Gi g‡a¨ cÖvq 85 fvM n‡q _v‡K wb¤œ Ges wb¤œ ga¨ Av‡qi ‡`k mg~‡ni g‡a¨| cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©vM RwbZ A_©‰bwZK ÿwZ Ges webv‡ki e›Ub DËi `wÿY wefw³i gva¨‡g n‡q _v‡K| we‡k¦i evwl©K ÿwZi 27 fvM n‡q _v‡K wb¤œ Ges wb¤œ ga¨weË Av‡qi †`k mg~‡ni g‡a¨| wKš‘ Gi g‡a¨ gvÎ kZKiv 2 fv‡Mi exgv Kiv _v‡K| Topic 1: Sub-Topic : Introduction to DDR

15 Pig Ae¯’v -cwijwÿZ NUbv mg~n  ‡Kvb †Kvb A‡j AwaK gvÎvq AskMÖn‡Yi cÖeYZv  we‡k¦i wKQz wKQz A‡ji `xN© Livi MfxiZvi Dci ga¨g ai‡Yi wek¦vm i‡q‡Q|  Rjevqy cwieZ©bRwbZ eb¨v Ges Gi we¯Í…wZi Dci ga¨g ai‡Yi cÖvgvY¨ Z‡_¨i g‡a¨ mxgve×Zv i‡q‡Q| GB e¨vcv‡i wb¤œgv‡bi Pzw³ i‡q‡Q| †m Rb¨ wek¦e¨vcx G¸‡jvi cwieZ©b nIqv m‡Ë¡I|Gi Dci Av¯’v Kg-  DcK~jxq A‡j mgy‡`ªi cvwbi D”PZv e„w×i m¤¢vebv †`Lv hv‡”Q| AvšÍR©vwZK Rjevqy cwieZ©b c¨v‡bj ( IPCC ) Gi Pig `y‡h©vM SuywK e¨e¯’vcbv I AwMÖg Rjevqy cwieZ©bRwbZ Dc‡hvMxKiY welqK cÖwZ‡e`b t  cÖvß Z_¨vejxi ˆeaZvi Dci Av¯’v (†hgb Lye Kg, Kg, ga¨g, D”P, Lye D”P)  m¤¢ve¨Zv t m¤¢ve¨Zvi wbwi‡L AwbðqZvi gvÎv MYbvKiY †hgb (Lye m¤¢eZ= % m¤¢vebv) AvšÍR©vwZK Rjevqy cwieZ©b c¨v‡bj ( IPCC ) Gi Pig `y‡h©vM SuywK e¨e¯’vcbv I AwMÖg Rjevqy cwieZ©bRwbZ Dc‡hvMxKiY welqK cÖwZ‡e`b t  cÖvß Z_¨vejxi ˆeaZvi Dci Av¯’v (†hgb Lye Kg, Kg, ga¨g, D”P, Lye D”P)  m¤¢ve¨Zv t m¤¢ve¨Zvi wbwi‡L AwbðqZvi gvÎv MYbvKiY †hgb (Lye m¤¢eZ= % m¤¢vebv) Topic 1: Sub-Topic : Introduction to DDR

16 Pig Ae¯’v-cÖ‡ÿcb (Projection) MÖx®§gÛjxq Ges AwZ MÖx®§gÛjxq So mÿgZvi Dci weMZ cwieZ©b jÿ K‡i †`Lv hv‡”Q †h, weMZ 40ermi ev Zvi AvM †_‡K MÖx®§gÛjxq NywY©S‡o Kg Av¯’v e„w× cv‡”Q| Mo MÖx®§gÛjxq S‡oi m‡½ AwZgvÎvq evqy cÖevn Z‡e Zv m¤¢eZ mKj gnvmvMixq AeevwnKvq bq| MÖx®§gÛjxq S‡oi ˆewk¦Kfv‡e AvNvZ nvbvi msL¨v nq K‡g †M‡Q bq‡Zvev AcwieZ©bxq i‡q‡Q| cÖ‡Z¨K †Mvjv‡a© AwZ MÖx®§gÛjxq S‡oi msL¨vi wel‡q ga¨g ai‡Yi Av¯’v i‡q‡Q|AwZ MÖx®§gÛjxq S‡oi †fŠMwjK cÖ‡ÿc‡Yi (Projection ) Kg©Kv‡Ûi cÖwZ ¯^í Av¯’v| wKš‘ †giæi w`‡K cÖ‡ÿwcZ AwZ MÖx®§gÛjxq S‡oi cÖwZ ga¨g ai‡Yi Av¯’v i‡q‡Q| Topic 1: Sub-Topic : Introduction to DDR

17 Pig Ae¯’v- NvZ‡cv‡hvMxZv (Vulnerability) Gi PvjK e„nr ¯’v‡b Ges AvšÍt evrmwiK e¨eav‡b AvenvIqv I Rjevqy m¤úwK©Z A_©‰bwZK ÿqÿwZi cwigvY µgea©gvb (D”P Av¯’v) Rjevqy Ges AvenvIqvRbxZ `y‡h©v‡Mi Kvi‡b gvbyl Ges A_©‰bwZK †h ÿwZ n‡”Q Zv A_©‰bwZK m¤§„w×i Rb¨ | `xN©‡gqv`x ÿwZ mgš^q nq m¤ú` Ges RbmsL¨v e„w×i m‡½| Ges RbmsL¨v e„wׇK Rjevqy cwieZ©‡bi Kvib wnmv‡e Mbbv Kiv nqbv Avevi Rjevqy cwieZ©b‡KI evav †`qv m¤¢e n‡”Qbv | `y‡h©v‡M ÿwZMÖ¯ÍZvi †ÿ‡Î NvZ‡cv‡hvMxZv (Vulnerability ) GKwU g~j welq hw`I GwU‡K †ekx ¸iæZ¡ †`qv nq bv| mxgve×Zv t (1) DcvË gRy` (2) `y‡h©v‡Mi ch©‡ewÿZ aiY| AwZwi³ mxgve×Zv wn‡m‡e Av‡Q t (3) mg‡qi g‡a¨ †h cÖwµqvq ÿqÿwZ msµvšÍ Dcv‡Ëi mgš^q Kiv nq Ges (4) †iK‡W©i ˆ`N©¨ ( IPCC, 2012 ) Topic 1: Sub-Topic : Introduction to DDR

18 AvšÍR©vwZK †ÿ‡Î `y‡h©vM SuywK n«vmKiY ( DRR ) 1989 m‡b RvwZms‡N mvaviY cwil` 1990 Gi `kK‡K AvšÍR©vwZKfv‡e cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©vM n«vmKiY `k wn‡m‡e †Nvlbv K‡i (cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©vM n«vmKi‡Yi AvšÍR©vwZK `kK) ( IDNDR ) D‡Ïk¨ t AvšÍR©vwZK HKg‡Z¨i gva¨‡g Dbœqbkxj†`k¸‡jv‡Z cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©vM RwbZ Rxeb ÿq, m¤úwË ÿq, A_©‰bwZK `yive¯’v n«vmKiY| 1994 m‡b Rvcv‡bi Bqv‡Kvnvgv kn‡i (23-24 †g) cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©vM n«vmKiY welqK cÖ_g wek¦ m‡¤§jb AbywôZ nq| ( WCDR ) `k‡Ki ga¨g ch©v‡q ch©v‡jvPbv, cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©vM cÖwZ‡iv‡ai wb‡`©kbv, cÖ¯‘wZ I DckgZv Ges Kg©cwiKíbv wel‡q wm×všÍ nq| GB m‡¤§j‡b KvwiMix †Kw›`ªK e¨e¯’vi †P‡q Av_©-mvgvwRK welq¸‡jv‡K `yy‡h©vM cÖwZ‡iv‡ai wel‡q we‡ePbv Kiv nq| GwU †UKmB Dbœq‡bi GKwU Ask wn‡m‡eI we‡ewPZ nq| Topic 1: Sub-Topic : Introduction to DDR

19 AvšÍR©vwZK †ÿ‡Î DRR (`y‡h©vM SuywK n«vmKiY) (Pjgvb) 1999 t ‡R‡bfvq 5-9 RyjvB| cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©vM n«vmKi‡Yi AvšÍR©vwZK `kK ( IDNDR ) ‡dvivg AbywôZ| `y‡h©vM n«vmKiY- †R‡bfv †dvivg †Nvlbv K‡i†h, ˆewk¦K mn‡hvwMZvq cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©vM n«vmKiY Ae¨vnZ _vK‡e| 1999 t RvwZmsN mvaviY cwil` `y‡h©vM n«vmKiY AvšÍR©vwZK †KŠkj ISDR MÖnY K‡i| ISDR †K UNISDR ev¯Íevq‡bi mwPevjq wn‡m‡e MVb Kiv nq| 2005 t Rvbyqvwi Rvcv‡bi †Kv‡e BD‡Mv‡Z `y‡h©vM n«vmKiY msµvšÍ wØZxq wek¦ m‡¤§jb AbywôZ nq| mv‡ji Rb¨ Hyogo †d«gIqvK© AvbyôvwbKfv‡e M„nxZ nq| hvi g~j K_v nj `y‡h©vM ÿwZM͇֯`i c~e©ve¯’vq wd‡i Avbvi Rb¨ RvwZ Ges†Mvwô‡K cÖ¯‘ZKiY| Hyogo †d«gIqvK© n‡”Q `y‡h©vM SuywK n«vmKi‡Yi Rb¨ cÖ_g M„nxZ †d«gIqvK©| Topic 1: Sub-Topic : Introduction to DDR

20 Hyogo †d«gIqvK© cieZ©x P¨v‡jÄ m‡bi g‡a¨ `y‡h©v‡Mi ÿqÿwZ n«vm Ki‡Z mKj †ÿ‡Î Ges mKj Kgx©i KiYxq welq wb‡q Hyogo †d«gIqvK© we¯ÍvwiZ Kg©m~wP cÖYqb K‡i‡Q| 2015 Hyogo †d«gIqvK© cieZ©x P¨v‡jÄ t  ‡UKmB Dbœqb AR©‡bi Rb¨ Ges emwZ GjvKvq NvZ‡cv‡hvwMZv n«vmKi‡Yi g‡Zv DRR ev `y‡h©vM SuywK n«vmKiY Ges CCA ev Rjevqy cwieZ©bRwbZ Dc‡hvMxKiY Gi mvaviY jÿ¨ mg~n‡K ¯^xK…wZ `vb|  ¯’vbxq miKvi cÖwZôvb mg~‡ni mÿgZv e„w× I Revew`wnZv e„w×;  SuywKi Av‡iv AwaK KviY‡K DwÏó ( targeted ) KiY  DRR (`y‡h©vM SuywK n«vmKiY) †ÿ‡Î †RÛvi welqwU‡K m¤ú„³KiY| HFA (Hyogo †d«gIqvK© cieZ©x P¨v‡jÄ) Gi AMÖvwaKvi Kg©KvÛ- wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e ‡h DRR (`y‡h©vM SuywK n«vmKiY) GKwU RvZxq I ¯’vbxq AMÖvwaKvi‡hvM¨ welq hv cÖvwZôvwbK wfwˇZ ev¯Íevqb Ki‡Z n‡e| wPwýZKiY t `y‡h©vM SuywK cwigvc I gwbUiKiY Ges c~e©vfvm cÖ`vb mKj ch©v‡q wbivc‡` c~e©ve¯’vq cÖZ¨veZ©‡bi Rb¨ Áv‡bi cÖ‡qvM, Awfbe cš’v, wkÿv I ms¯‹…wZi cÖPjb| AšÍwb©wnZ KviY¸‡jv n«vmKiY| `y‡h©vM †gvKv‡ejvq Kvh©Ki mvov †`qv †Rvi`viKiY| Topic 1: Sub-Topic : Introduction to DDR

21 SuywK/NvZ‡cv‡hvMxZv jÿY gvbweK Kvi‡Y `y‡h©v‡Mi ci Gi w`‡K `„wó wbeÜ Kiv AZ¨šÍ Riæix| wKš‘ Rbmvavi‡Yi A_©‰bwZK ÿqÿwZ Rxebnvwbi Møvwb jvNe Kivi Rb¨ Zv ch©vß bq| `y‡h©vM NUvi Av‡M Ges c‡i Gi ÿqÿwZ wbiæcY K‡i e¨e¯’v MÖnY Kiv `xN©‡gqv`xfv‡e `y‡h©vM SuywK n«vmKi‡Yi Rb¨ GKvšÍ cÖ‡qvRb| wek¦ SuywK jÿY cÖYqbKvix t UNU-EHS D‡Ïk¨ t GKwU †`k `‡h©vM Øviv KZUzKz ÿwZMÖ¯Í n‡Z cv‡i Zv wbiæcY Kiv| †h mg¯Í wec‡`i K_v D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q t f‚wgK¤ú, So, eb¨v, Liv, mvM‡ii RjùwxZ| GB m~PK Øviv NvZ‡cv‡hvMxZvi aiY‡K †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q| A_©vr Gi ms‡e`bkxjZv KZUzKz Lvc LvIqv‡Z cvi‡e Zvi gvÎv GKB m‡½ Rjevqy cwieZ©‡bi cieZ©x djvdj †Kgb n‡Z cv‡i Zv| 4wU wel‡qi Dci wfwË K‡i Zv ˆZix Kiv n‡q‡Q t cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©v‡Mi ZxÿèZv ms‡e`bkxjZv Avq‡Ë¡ Avbvi ÿgZv Dc‡hvMx nIqvi mÿgZv Topic 1: Sub-Topic : Introduction to DDR

22 SuywK/NvZ‡cv‡hvMxZv jÿY `y‡h©vM SuywK m~PK ( DRI ) cÖYqbKvix t Peduzzi et. at (UNDP) D‡Ïk¨ t †h mg¯Í †`‡ki Rb¨ m‡e©v”P cÖwZ‡iva MÖnY I Dbœq‡bi cÖ‡qvRb i‡q‡Q †m¸‡jv wPwýZ KiY| cwi‡ekMZ NvZ‡cv‡hvMxZv m~PK ( EVI ) cÖYqbKvix t SOPAC, UNEP D‡Ïk¨ t GKwU †`k cwi‡ekMZ w`K †_‡K KZUzKz ÿwZMÖ¯Í n‡Z cv‡i Zv cÖ`k©b| ‡h mg¯Í SuywKi D‡jøL Av‡Q t AvenvIqv Ges Rjevqy f‚ZvwË¡K Ges gvbyl| EVI (cwi‡ekMZ NvZ‡cv‡hvMxZv m~PK) ¯^v¯’¨ Ges cÖwZ‡ek c×wZi ÿwZi SuywK †`wL‡q‡Q| Topic 1: Sub-Topic : Introduction to DDR

23 cÖkœvejx ch©v‡jvPbv wech©q ‡Kvb `y‡h©v‡Mi mg bq| ‡Kvb GjvKvq emevmKvix gvby‡li Dci wech©‡qi cÖfv‡ei Zzjbvq †Kvb GjvKvq `y‡h©v‡Mi cÖfv‡ei g‡a¨ g~j e¨eavb wK? Rjevqy cwieZ©‡bi m‡½ cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©vM m¤úwK©Z gvbyl KZ…©K Rjevqy cwieZ©‡bi `iæY Kx ai‡Yi cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©vM kw³kvjx n‡Z cv‡i? G¸‡jvi g‡a¨ †Kvb¸‡jv Avcbvi GjvKvq ÿwZ Ki‡Z cv‡i? `y‡h©vM Zxÿè nIqv/cybt cybt AvNvZ nvbvi wel‡q wK wR Rvbv cÖ‡qvRb? `y‡h©vM SuywK e¨e¯’vcbv Pµ `y‡h©vM e¨e¯’vcbvi Rb¨ g~j ch©vq¸‡jv wK wK? Gi g‡a¨ me‡P‡q ¸iæZ¡c~Y©/Kg LiP mv‡cÿ †KvbwU? Ges †Kb? Topic 1: Sub-Topic : Introduction to DDR

24 References ADPC, 2013, Integrating Disaster Risk Management into Climate Change Adaptation. Disaster Risk Management Practitioner’s Handbook Series, Bankok. Earl, S., Carden F., & Smutylo, T. (2001. ) Outcome mapping: Building learning and reflection into dvelopment programs. Ottawa, ON, Canada: International Development Research Centre. Retrieved from FAQ Drought impact mitigation and preventaion in the Limpopo River Basin, Rome, Retrieve: Hellmuth M.E., Mason S.J., Vaughan C., van Aalst M.K. and Choularton R. (eds) A Better Climate for Disaster Risk Management. International Research Instititue for Climate and Society (IRI), Columbia University, New Yourk, USA.[Online]. Retrieved from: International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation. Cambridge University Press. Jaspers, A., Matt, H., Shah, R., Capacity building Climate proofing Udaypur, Alterra, Wageningen. Mitchel, T and Van Aalst, Convergence of Climage Change reduction and Climate Change Adaptation. United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDER), Framework for Action Building the Resilience of Nations and Communities to Disasters. Geneva. TorqAid & FDC, TorqAid Diagrammatic Framework for Disaster Risk Management. [Online] Retrieved from: UNISDR, Global Assessment report on Disaster Risk Reduction, Geneva. Topic 1: Sub-Topic : Introduction to DDR

25Topic 1: Sub-Topic : Introduction to DDR