Ethical Globalization or Privileged Internationalization? an exploratory comparison of global citizenship, international development and internationalization and higher education in Ireland and Canada Critical thinking for Development Education conference Galway 3-4 October 2009 Dr Su-ming Khoo Department of Political Science and Sociology Development Education and Research Network DERN NUI Galway

Research agenda Comparing internationalisation(s) in 4 universities: NUIG, UCD, UBC and Alberta (ICCS-FRP funded) Internationalization of HE as an area of critical inquiry for development studies and development education Provides context for central questions that global/ development educators need to address in their research and practice Clarify a number of practical and ethical challenges presented by internationalization of HE

Wider research questions How do GC initiatives connect with internationalization and international development policy/practice? What are the different discourses of ‘global’ curriculum / competencies/ development education/ global citizenship – where are they coming from and where are they going to? What potential for social transformation, human development and social justice? What kinds of globalizations for HE? Do national contexts matter and how? Thinking about new modalities of aid focusing on HE, teaching, research capacity building Unpacking ‘engagement’, ‘partnership’ ‘participation’ The impact of global managerialism

Mapping Internationalizations: NUIG Internationalization previously ad-hoc, not a priority, but new policy/strategy for enhance NUIG’s global status offer students an experience of global citizenship 5 key strands Recruit international students – N American focus Student/staff Mobility – Erasmus/ European dimension Partnerships and International reputation - research Internationalising the curriculum Internationalisation and Development

Mapping Internationalizations: UBC Internationalization part of grand vision since l990s 5 strategic pillars of Trek 2010 vision a ‘bridge to the 21 st century’ (internationalization, people, learning, research and community) 3 goals: Global awareness (global ‘content, citizenship, partnerships – includes Universitas-21) International learning opportunities International reputation - strong Asia-Pacific orientation based on established student exchange programs

Mapping Internationalizations: Alberta Part of grand vision: Dare to Discover/ Dare to Deliver Overt statement of Values Connecting with the World – a plan for international engagement 4 priority areas Attract ‘best and brightest’, bringing international perspectives ‘Learning, discovery and global citizenship’ – international dimension of student learning and research to increase knowledge, intercultural competence, capacity for engagement, employability Connecting communities – networks, partnerships, agreements Transformative organization and support – administrative model for international engagement

Mapping Internationalizations UCD International Office since 2006 Student mobility: Erasmus/ JYA Joined Universitas-21 grouping in 2006 Hosting Universitas focus on MDGs

Internationalization = ? Recruitment, mobility, reputation, plus (  )… INTERNATIONALISATION UBC  Global Awareness? ALBERTA  Global Citizenship? NUIG  Civic Engagement? UCD  MDGs?. COSMOPOLITANISM? VOLUNTOURISM? CHARITY? SOCIAL JUSTICE? National contexts matter…

Citizenship = ? Private citizen – freedom from state Consumer Citizen – purchaser of goods Market Citizen – looks to the market, opts out of public services The Social Citizen – entitled, welfare state The Public Citizen – civic republican, participates The Communitarian Citizen – the good citizen who obeys and belongs The Critical Citizen The Global Citizen

Key tensions of citizenship Theoretical debates do matter… Notions of ‘citizenship’ Local vs Global Public vs Private? Critical vs Conforming?

Questions for Global Citizenship and DevEd (Dower 2008)? Are all of us global citizens, or only some of us global citizens? A privileged status? A mode of self conception and a manner of active engagement that accepts global responsibility Dimensions: active ethical concern and institutional possibility Key processes: Globalization of the moral community Internationalization of the legal system Participation in public decision making The vanguard toward a more equal world??

The bottom line for me WOULD / CAN / SHOULD / internationalisation be global in ‘action’ as well as consciousness? ARE THE ACTION and CONSCIOUSNESS going to be rigorously theorised and ethical? Thanks.