BOOKS & READING

Enlarges vocabulary knowledge Enlarges vocabulary knowledge Improve imagination Improve imagination First books – 15th century, Johannes Gutenberg – letterpress printing First books – 15th century, Johannes Gutenberg – letterpress printing Middle of the 20th century – more than published books per year Middle of the 20th century – more than published books per year

LIBRARIES Books are getting still more and more expensive Books are getting still more and more expensive It is impossible to buy all the books we want or have to read It is impossible to buy all the books we want or have to read Libraries – institution all over the world Libraries – institution all over the world There you can borrow a book for a particular loan period for a small fee There you can borrow a book for a particular loan period for a small fee

DIVISION OF BOOKS FICTION PROSE Novels, short stories Genres: romantic, detective, sci-fi,… POETRY Poems, sonnets, collections of poems DRAMA Tragedy, comedy, historical plays NON-FICTION Encyclopaedias Dictionaries Guide books Cookery books Biographies Text books

STRUCTURE OF BOOKS COVER – paperback or hard cover (hardback), sometimes dust jacket with folded flaps COVER – paperback or hard cover (hardback), sometimes dust jacket with folded flaps FRONT PAGE – contains information about the book (acknowledgment, table of contents, copyright, prolouge,…) FRONT PAGE – contains information about the book (acknowledgment, table of contents, copyright, prolouge,…) PROLOGUE – at the beginning PROLOGUE – at the beginning The story itself – divided into chapters (they have heading or they are nubmered) The story itself – divided into chapters (they have heading or they are nubmered) EPILOGUE – at the end EPILOGUE – at the end Summary, additional materials (bibliography), references, appendix, glossary,… Summary, additional materials (bibliography), references, appendix, glossary,…

ENGLISH LITERATURE

GEOFFREY CHAUCER Often called the father of English poetry Often called the father of English poetry „The Canterbury Tales“ „The Canterbury Tales“ A collection of more than 20 stories written in the Middle Ages A collection of more than 20 stories written in the Middle Ages A group of pilgrims who are travelling to Canterbury, each of them tells a story A group of pilgrims who are travelling to Canterbury, each of them tells a story WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE English Renaissance author, one of the greatest English playwrights English Renaissance author, one of the greatest English playwrights Set up the Globe Theatre Set up the Globe Theatre TRAGEDIES – „ Romeo and Juliet“, „Hamlet“ TRAGEDIES – „ Romeo and Juliet“, „Hamlet“ COMEDIES – „ As you like it“, „A Midsummer night’s dream“ COMEDIES – „ As you like it“, „A Midsummer night’s dream“ ROMANCES – „ The Winter’s tale“ HISTORICAL PLAYS – „ Julius Caesar“ ROMANCES – „ The Winter’s tale“ HISTORICAL PLAYS – „ Julius Caesar“

18 TH CENTURY DANIEL DEFOE DANIEL DEFOE „Robinson Crusoe“ „Robinson Crusoe“ JONATHAN SWIFT JONATHAN SWIFT He wrote satirical prose, burned most of his writings He wrote satirical prose, burned most of his writings „Gulliver‘s Travels“ „Gulliver‘s Travels“ WALTER SCOTT WALTER SCOTT Considered the founder of the historical novel Considered the founder of the historical novel „Ivanhoe“ „Ivanhoe“

19 TH CENTURY CHARLES DICKENS CHARLES DICKENS Humourist, critical realism, brought up in a very poor family – affected his work Humourist, critical realism, brought up in a very poor family – affected his work „Oliver Twist“, „David Copperfield“, „The Pickwick Papers“, „A Christmas Carol“ „Oliver Twist“, „David Copperfield“, „The Pickwick Papers“, „A Christmas Carol“ OSCAR WILDE OSCAR WILDE Fairy tale – „The Happy Prince“, comedies – „The Importance of Being Earnest“, only novel – „The Picture of Dorian Gray“ Fairy tale – „The Happy Prince“, comedies – „The Importance of Being Earnest“, only novel – „The Picture of Dorian Gray“ LEWIS CARROL LEWIS CARROL „Alice in Wonderland“ „Alice in Wonderland“ SIR ARTHUR IGNATIUS CONAN DOYLE SIR ARTHUR IGNATIUS CONAN DOYLE Fictional stories about the detective „Sherlock Holmes“ and Dr. Watson, evil Moriarty Fictional stories about the detective „Sherlock Holmes“ and Dr. Watson, evil Moriarty

20 TH CENTURY GEORGE BERNARD SHAW GEORGE BERNARD SHAW Romantic comedy „Pigmalion“ – adapted as a musical My Fair Lady Romantic comedy „Pigmalion“ – adapted as a musical My Fair Lady AGATHA CHRISTIE AGATHA CHRISTIE „the Queen of Detective Fiction“, wrote about 100 detective stories „the Queen of Detective Fiction“, wrote about 100 detective stories „Miss Marple“, „Hercule Poirot“ „Miss Marple“, „Hercule Poirot“ JOHN RONALD REUEL TOLKIEN JOHN RONALD REUEL TOLKIEN „The Hobit“, „The Lord of the Rings“ „The Hobit“, „The Lord of the Rings“

AMERICAN LITERATURE

19 TH CENTURY WALT WHITMAN WALT WHITMAN Ground-breaking collection of poems – „Leaves of Grass“ Ground-breaking collection of poems – „Leaves of Grass“ MARK TWAIN MARK TWAIN Inspired by his own childhood, wrote about adventures of small boys Inspired by his own childhood, wrote about adventures of small boys „Adventures of Tom Sawyer“, „Life on the Mississippi“ „Adventures of Tom Sawyer“, „Life on the Mississippi“ EDGAR ALLAN POE EDGAR ALLAN POE Poems – „The Raven“ Poems – „The Raven“ Psychological thrillers – „The Black Cat“ Psychological thrillers – „The Black Cat“

20 TH CENTURY JACK LONDON JACK LONDON Wrote about nature Wrote about nature „The Call of the Wild“ „The Call of the Wild“ FRANCIS SCOTT FITZGERLAND FRANCIS SCOTT FITZGERLAND Dealt with problems of surplus of money Dealt with problems of surplus of money „The Great Gatsby“ „The Great Gatsby“ ERNEST HEMINGWAY ERNEST HEMINGWAY Pointed out useless suffering in wars Pointed out useless suffering in wars Novel „From Whom the Bell Tolls“ Novel „From Whom the Bell Tolls“