Chapter 17 The Brain. CNS  Central Nervous System. Brain and Spinal cord – Interpretation, thought, autonomic nervous system PNS  Peripheral Nervous.

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 17 The Brain

CNS  Central Nervous System. Brain and Spinal cord – Interpretation, thought, autonomic nervous system PNS  Peripheral Nervous System. Nerves in the body – Sensory receptors, Effectors

Parts of the Brain Medulla oblongata  stem of brain Cerebrum  the outer part of the brain Thalamus  Underneath the Corpus Callosum Cerebellum  Behind the Medulla oblongata and underneath the cerebrum. Hypothalamus  Underneath the thalamus Pituitary Gland  hangs below the hypothalamus Corpus Callosum  Between the thalamus and the cerebrum Meninges  thin watery layer around the CNS

What do the parts of the Brain do? Medulla oblongata – Does all the involuntary actions. Breathing, heartbeat, sneezing, coughing and etc. Cerebrum – Has two halves. Communication, higher thinking, memory. Corpus Callosum – Connects the two halves of the brain. Allows communication between the halves of the brain. Thalamus – Takes in sensory information and relays it other parts of the brain. Also does memory and emotion

Hypothalamus – Center for autonomic nervous system. – Helps maintain homeostasis, regulates thirst, hunger, water, sleep, etc. – Controls the pituitary gland – Link between nervous system and endocrine system Pituitary Gland – Releases hormones into the body. – Major part of the endocrine system Cerebellum – Maintains muscle tone. Posture, balance, ensures muscles work in a coordinated manner. Meninges – Covers the central nervous system. Protects the CNS

Voluntary and Involuntary Autonomic Nervous System – No control over. Heartbeat, breathing, sneezing, digestion, salivation. Somatic Nervous System – Have control over. When though is put into something. Picking up an object, speaking.

Parasympathetic vs. Sympathetic Parasympathetic Nervous System – Digestion, Low Heart Rate, Slow Breathing, Small Pupils. – State of rest – Neurotransmitter used is acetylcholine Sympathetic Nervous System – Fast Heart Rate, Fast Breathing, dilates bronchi, Pupils of eyes are dilated. – More oxygen for muscles. More light in to see better – Neurotransmitter used is norepinephrine – Initiated by the adrenal gland  releases hormone called epinephrine. This hormone activates the Sympathetic Nervous system. Comes from the adrenal medulla.