Steps in setting up the Nervous system Induction and Patterning of a neuron-forming region Birth and migration of neurons and glia Specification of cell.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Growth, Development and
Advertisements

AUTONOMIC SYSTEM NERVOUS.
Introduction to the NERVOUS SYSTEM
Nervous System.
Embryonic Development of the Human Neurological System Chapter 4.
Chapter 13- The neural crest Ectoderm-skin/nerves Endoderm- Gut and associated organs Mesoderm-Blood, heart, kidney, bones Recall lineages Recall- Ectoderm.
Upcoming Sessions April 22:Nervous System Development Lecture April 24:Reviews of Axonal Pathfinding in Sensory Systems April 29:Inner Ear Development.
Current Model for how cells become neural 1)Default state is neural 2)Local secretion of BMPs by epidermis inhibits neural fate 3)Local secretion of noggin,
Development of Neural Circuits Lecture 4. Stages of Cellular Activity n 6 distinct stages 1. Neurogenesis 2. Cell migration 3. Differentiation 4. Synaptogenesis.
Neural Crest Cells and Axonal Specificity. Neural Crest ► Where is the neural crest located and why is this region so important?
Neural Crest Cells and Axonal Specificity
Bio Section III Organogenesis The Neural Crest and Axonal Specification Gilbert 9e – Chapter 10.
Neurulation By Brett & Joshua. These slides will be uploaded after tonights session. Please see presenter notes under the slides for a description of.
Vertebrate Embryonic Patterning 5 Neural Crest. Neural Crest Cells.
Neurulation Neurulation is the formation of the vertebrate nervous system in embryos. The notochord induces the formation of the CNS by signaling the ectoderm.
Neural Crest Cells The cells of the neural crest migrate to generate many cell types: 1)the neurons and glial cells of the sensory, sympathetic and parasympathetic.
Dr. Nimir Dr. Safaa Objectives Describe the formation of neural tube and neural crest. Describe the development of brain and spinal cord. Describe the.
Chapter 12- CNS and epidermis
Peripheral NS Links the brain to sensor receptors, skeletal muscles, and effector organs in the periphery Consists of two divisions –somatic nervous system.
Functions of the Nervous System  The nervous system has three basic functions:  Sensory - The nervous system senses certain changes (stimuli) both within.
Anatomy Jeopardy Tom Gest, PhD Division of Anatomical Sciences University of Michigan Medical School Autonomic Review with.
How does a single cell make a brain???
Developmental Neurobiology Fall 2005 Credit: Two Time: 1:30 PM-3:30 PM, Tuesday Place: 316, 3rd Floor, Nursing Building Instructors: 范明基 ( ), 簡正鼎.
NERVOUS TISSUE.
Embryology – study of the origin and development of single individual
An Introduction to the Nervous System The Nervous System – Includes all neural tissue in the body – Neural tissue contains two kinds of cells 1.Neurons.
Nervous System ANS 215 Anatomy & Physiology Of Domesticated Animals.
Introduction to Neuroanatomy
The Autonomic Nervous System
Development of the nervous system – 2
Chapter 14 Autonomic Nervous System Nerve Cells of the Enteric Plexus
The Nervous System Intro Qs: pg Structures of the nervous system: 1.List the structures that make up the nervous system. 2.What is a nerve? 3.What.
Chapter 12- CNS and epidermis Ectoderm-skin/nerves Endoderm- Gut and associated organs Mesoderm-Blood, heart, kidney, bones Recall lineages Now we focus.
The Nervous System. To return to the chapter summary click escape or close this document. Human Nervous System.
Chapter 28 Nervous Systems
The Nervous System. 2 Nervous System Organization All animals must be able to respond to environmental stimuli -Sensory receptors = Detect stimulus -Motor.
Presentation 24 Neural Development
Reflex and autonomic nervous system The peripheral nervous system.
THE AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
Human Brain Development
Chapter 13- The neural crest Ectoderm-skin/nerves Endoderm- Gut and associated organs Mesoderm-Blood, heart, kidney, bones Recall lineages Recall- Ectoderm.
Development of Neural Circuits Lesson 5. Stages of Cellular Activity n 6 distinct stages 1. Neurogenesis 2. Cell migration 3. Differentiation 4. Synaptogenesis.
Blood Vessels and Nerves Common Signals, Pathways and Diseases.
Chapter 2: Brain Development
The Nervous System. Functions of the nervous system include:  coordination of the physical movements of the body  corresponding to the action of the.
Paraxial and Intermediate Mesoderm. Mesodermal Regions Into what five regions do we subdivide the mesoderm? –prechordal plate mesoderm –chordamesoderm.
The Peripheral Nervous System. Peripheral Nervous System 31 pairs of spinal nerves 12 pairs of cranial nerves All of the smaller nerves that branch from.
Introduction to:. The Nervous System  Highly organized network of billions on neurons and even more neuroglia  Contains: Brain Cranial Nerves Spinal.
Central Nervous System and Epidermis. Neurulation What are the major derivatives of the ectoderm? What are the major derivatives of the ectoderm?
Nervous System Carries messages to and from the brain and spinal cord and all other parts of the body.
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings In vertebrates – The CNS is composed of the brain and spinal cord – The.
BIOL 2010 Human Anatomy & Physiology I How do the Autonomic and Somatic systems differ? Both part of ______ ________ has __________ in CNS, whereas ________.
PowerPoint ® Lecture Slides prepared by Leslie Hendon, University of Alabama, Birmingham HUMAN ANATOMY fifth edition MARIEB | MALLATT | WILHELM 15 Copyright.
Synapses Information transmission occurs Narrow gap between a synaptic terminal of an axon and a signal receiving portion of a cell body Diffusion Electrical.
Differentiation of the Neural Tube Gilbert - Chapter 12.
Diffusible molecular cues and cell surface cues guide axon growth.
Introduction to Neuroanatomy Structure-function relationships –Localization of function in the CNS Non-invasive brain imaging –CAT: structure, low resolution.
The fate of neural crest cells The mesoderm Sex determination
Nervous System. Classification Based on General Functions Nervous System Somatic Nervous System Autonomic Nervous System SympatheticParasympathetic.
The Autonomic Nervous System BIO 137 Anatomy & Physiology.
Neurobiology A.1 – A.3 Allison Bynum.
The Nervous System - General Structure
Brain development.
The Autonomic Nervous System
The fate of neural crest cells
The typical spinal nerve
Organization of the Nervous System
Section D: Structure of the Nervous System & Autonomic Nervous System
Sympathetic Nervous System
Presentation transcript:

Steps in setting up the Nervous system Induction and Patterning of a neuron-forming region Birth and migration of neurons and glia Specification of cell fates Guidance of axonal growth cones to specific targets Formation of synaptic connections Binding of trophic factors for survival and differentiation Competitive rearrangement of functional synapses Continued synaptic plasticity during lifetime

Neuronal development Ectoderm differentiation: Epidermis, nerve tissue, or neural crest cells? Nerve tissue: Neuron or glial cell?

Neuronal development Ectoderm differentiation: Epidermis, nerve tissue, or neural crest cells? Nerve tissue: Neuron or glial cell?

Neuronal development

Nerve Outgrowth Filapodia-based movements Rely on Cytoskeleton and factors that rearrange the cytoskeleton (GTPases).

Types of Tissue organization in the Neural Tube

Spinal Cord

Cerebellum Important for motor control Purkinje fibers BMP and Granular layer

Movement of Neurons Glial cells serve as track. Nerve Birthdays: Determine how deep in the cortex a neuron will enter.

Cerebrum Similar to Cerebellum Neocortex: subdivided into 6 layers (old cells closest to ventricular zone). Cortex divided horizontally (approx. 40 sections). Fate decided early on (before S phase)

Cortical Neurons

Spinal Cord

Motor Neuron Specification Sonic hedgehog (Shh) secreted by floor plate.

Target specification of Motor neuron As Nerves pass through the cortex, different transcriptional regulators are expressed. Limb innervation determined by repulsion – If Lim1 is present, Eph A4 (receptor) is expressed; Eph A5 repels neuron – If no Lim1, neuropilin-2 expressed. (Axial muscles)

Following diffusible signals Netrin-1 and Netrin-2 SLIT and ROBO

Nerve Outgrowth Filapodia-based movements Rely on Cytoskeleton and factors that rearrange the cytoskeleton (GTPases).

Finding a place to hang out

Neural Crest Cells Neurons/glial cells of sensory, sympathetic, and parasympathetic nerves Epinephrine-producing cells of adrenal gland Pigment containing cells Skeletal/connective tissue of head 4 th germ layer?

Ventral Migration of Neural Crest

Neural Crest Cell specification

Neural Crest Regionalization Cranial – Cartilage, bone, cranial nerves, glia, connective tissues Cardiac – Melanocytes, neurons, cartilage, musculo-connective tissue wall of large arteries Trunk – Dorsal root ganglia, sympathetic ganglia, adrenal medulla, nerve clusters around aorta Vagal and Sacral – Parasympathetic ganglia of gut

Trunk Neural Crest Cells: Migration Dorso-lateral inhibited At first, between somites, but Semaphorin-3F causes movement through somites.

Further migration Cells that stop in sclerotome- dorsal root ganglia Cells past sclerotome-lack wnt and neurotropin receptors- parasympathetic and sympathetic nerves. BMPs from aorta convert cells to sympathetic and adrenal lineage Glucocorticoids- adrenomedullary cells. Neural crest cells committed to path early, but differentiate to determine final location.

Cranial Neural Crest Head is most anatomically sophisticated portion of vertebrate body. Mainly composed of neural crest cells

Cranial Neural Crest: Bone Formation

Neural Crest and neurocranium Viscerocranium (jaws, pharyngeal arches) well established as being of Neural crest origin…neurocranium controversial origin

The Face reflects the brain!

Cardiac Neural Crest

Cranial placodes

Feedback: Privacy Policy Feedback
Do Not Sell My Personal Information
About project: SlidePlayer Terms of Service

© 2025 SlidePlayer.com. Inc. All rights reserved.