Working with Analogies

Analogies test your ability to: Recognize the relationship between the words in a word pair

O l d Young

To answer an analogy question you must: Recognize the relationship between the words Select the answer containing words related to one another in most nearly the same way Recognize the relationship between the words Select the answer containing words related to one another in most nearly the same way

Analogies look like this: Up:Down ::Over:Under Up is to Down as Over is to Under Up:Down ::Over:Under Up is to Down as Over is to Under

In what ways could these pairs of words be related? I get it…they are opposites!

Examples of possible relationships in an analogy: Synonyms or antonyms

Here is one example of Synonym relationships: Infant:Baby::Grown-Up: _________? Infant:Baby::Grown-Up:Adult

Here is one example of Antonym relationships: Big:Small::Full:_______? Big:Small::Full:Empty

Examples of possible relationships in an analogy: Synonyms or antonyms A part to the whole Synonyms or antonyms A part to the whole

Here is one example of Part to Whole relationships: Wheel:Car::Branch:_______? Wheel:Car::Branch:Tree

Examples of possible relationships in an analogy: Synonyms or antonyms A part to the whole An example of a category/group Synonyms or antonyms A part to the whole An example of a category/group

Here is one example of Example of a Category relationships: Apple:Fruit::Carrot:_______? Apple:Fruit::Carrot:Vegetable

Examples of possible relationships in an analogy: Synonyms or antonyms A part to the whole An example of a category/group Cause to effect (or effect to cause) Synonyms or antonyms A part to the whole An example of a category/group Cause to effect (or effect to cause)

Here is one example of Cause Effect relationships: Cool:Freeze::Heat:__________ Cool:Freeze::Heat:Boil

Examples of possible relationships in an analogy: Synonyms or antonyms A part to the whole An example of a category/group Cause to effect (or effect to cause) Different degrees of something Synonyms or antonyms A part to the whole An example of a category/group Cause to effect (or effect to cause) Different degrees of something

Here is one example Difference of Degree relationships: Warm:Hot::Cool:______? Warm:Hot::Cool:Cold

Examples of possible relationships in an analogy: Synonyms or antonyms A part to the whole An example of a category/group Cause to effect (or effect to cause) Varying degrees of something Object to function Synonyms or antonyms A part to the whole An example of a category/group Cause to effect (or effect to cause) Varying degrees of something Object to function

Here is one example of Object to Function relationships: Car:Drive::Oven:______? Car:Drive::Oven:Bake

PRACTICE Can you identify the relationship? 1.PENCIL:ERASER 2.BIG:GARGANTUAN 3.CONFIDENT:DISCOMBOBULATED 4.GILLS:BREATHING 5.EAT:FULL 6.SOCCER:SPORT 1.PENCIL:ERASER 2.BIG:GARGANTUAN 3.CONFIDENT:DISCOMBOBULATED 4.GILLS:BREATHING 5.EAT:FULL 6.SOCCER:SPORT a)Synonyms or antonyms b)A part to the whole c)A member to the category that contains it d)Cause to effect (or effect to cause) e)Varying degrees of a quantity or quality f)Object to function

PRACTICE Can you identify the relationship? 1.PENCIL:ERASER 2.BIG:GARGANTUAN 3.CONFIDENT:DISCOMBOBULATED 4.GILLS:BREATHING 5.EAT:FULL 6.SOCCER:SPORT 1.PENCIL:ERASER 2.BIG:GARGANTUAN 3.CONFIDENT:DISCOMBOBULATED 4.GILLS:BREATHING 5.EAT:FULL 6.SOCCER:SPORT a)Synonyms or antonyms b)A part to the whole c)A member to the category that contains it d)Cause to effect (or effect to cause) e)Varying degrees of a quantity or quality f)Object to function b e a f d c

Steps to Take: 1. What is the relationship? 2. Make a sentence for that relationship. 3. Look for the answer choice that has the same relationship. 1. What is the relationship? 2. Make a sentence for that relationship. 3. Look for the answer choice that has the same relationship.

Example APPLE : FRUIT :: A.Salad : Mix B.Orange: Banana C.Juice : Can D.Slice : Core E.Butterfly: Insect APPLE : FRUIT :: A.Salad : Mix B.Orange: Banana C.Juice : Can D.Slice : Core E.Butterfly: Insect It’s category!

Example APPLE : FRUIT :: A.Salad : Mix B.Orange: Banana C.Juice : Can D.Butterfly: Insect APPLE : FRUIT :: A.Salad : Mix B.Orange: Banana C.Juice : Can D.Butterfly: Insect An apple is a type of fruit.

Example APPLE : FRUIT :: A.Salad : Mix B.Orange: Banana C.Juice : Can D.Butterfly: Insect APPLE : FRUIT :: A.Salad : Mix B.Orange: Banana C.Juice : Can D.Butterfly: Insect Is a salad a type of mix?.Is an orange a type of banana? Is a juice a type of can? Is a butterfly a type of insect?

Example APPLE : FRUIT :: A.Salad : Mix B.Orange: Banana C.Juice : Can D.Butterfly:Insect APPLE : FRUIT :: A.Salad : Mix B.Orange: Banana C.Juice : Can D.Butterfly:Insect Yes!

How do you know if you have a good sentence? If more than one answer choice seems to fit, then your sentence is not good. If none of them work, then your sentence is not good. If more than one answer choice seems to fit, then your sentence is not good. If none of them work, then your sentence is not good.

Example PENCIL : WRITE :: A.Crayon : Sharpen B.Ink : Blue C.Letter : Compose D.Knife : Cut E.Mistake : Erase PENCIL : WRITE :: A.Crayon : Sharpen B.Ink : Blue C.Letter : Compose D.Knife : Cut E.Mistake : Erase Object and function!

Example PENCIL : WRITE :: A.Crayon : Sharpen B.Ink : Blue C.Letter : Compose D.Knife : Cut E.Mistake : Erase PENCIL : WRITE :: A.Crayon : Sharpen B.Ink : Blue C.Letter : Compose D.Knife : Cut E.Mistake : Erase A pencil is a thing and to write is an action. BAD

Example PENCIL : WRITE :: A.Crayon : Sharpen B.Ink : Blue C.Letter : Compose D.Knife : Cut E.Mistake : Erase PENCIL : WRITE :: A.Crayon : Sharpen B.Ink : Blue C.Letter : Compose D.Knife : Cut E.Mistake : Erase I like to use a pencil to write in school. BAD

Example PENCIL : WRITE :: A.Crayon : Sharpen B.Ink : Blue C.Letter : Compose D.Knife: Cut PENCIL : WRITE :: A.Crayon : Sharpen B.Ink : Blue C.Letter : Compose D.Knife: Cut You can use a pencil to write. GOOD

Be sure to: Pay attention to the order of the words Pay attention to the parts of speech Remember that a single word can have several different meaning – homonyms Never decide on the best answer without reading all the answer choices Pay attention to the order of the words Pay attention to the parts of speech Remember that a single word can have several different meaning – homonyms Never decide on the best answer without reading all the answer choices

Practice Large : Big:: A.Remember : Forget B.Win: Success C.Nostril : Smell D.Audio : Hear E. Glasses : See Large : Big:: A.Remember : Forget B.Win: Success C.Nostril : Smell D.Audio : Hear E. Glasses : See

Practice Large : Big:: A.Remember : Forget B.Win: Success C.Nostril : Smell D.Audio : Hear E. Glasses : See Large : Big:: A.Remember : Forget B.Win: Success C.Nostril : Smell D.Audio : Hear E. Glasses : See

Practice Bat : Hitter A.Score: Win B.Walk : Run C.Mars : Venus D.Stick : Hockey Player E.Basketball: Hoop Bat : Hitter A.Score: Win B.Walk : Run C.Mars : Venus D.Stick : Hockey Player E.Basketball: Hoop

Practice Bat : Hitter A.Score: Win B.Walk : Run C.Mars : Venus D.Stick : Hockey Player E.Basketball: Hoop Bat : Hitter A.Score: Win B.Walk : Run C.Mars : Venus D.Stick : Hockey Player E.Basketball: Hoop

Practice Come : Came:: A.Walk : Walking B.Ride : Rode C.Left : Arrived D.Did : Had Done E.See : Seen Come : Came:: A.Walk : Walking B.Ride : Rode C.Left : Arrived D.Did : Had Done E.See : Seen

Practice Come : Came:: A.Walk : Walking B.Ride : Rode C.Left : Arrived D.Did : Had Done E.See : Seen Come : Came:: A.Walk : Walking B.Ride : Rode C.Left : Arrived D.Did : Had Done E.See : Seen

Online Practice  Analogies Game Analogies Game  Awesome Analogies Awesome Analogies  Gamequarium Analogies Gamequarium Analogies  Analogy of the Day Analogy of the Day  Analogies Game Analogies Game  Awesome Analogies Awesome Analogies  Gamequarium Analogies Gamequarium Analogies  Analogy of the Day Analogy of the Day

Written Practice  Sampler Daily Analogies Sampler Daily Analogies  Understanding Analogies Understanding Analogies  Analogies Worksheet Analogies Worksheet  Analogies Dining Analogies Dining  Analogies Notes Analogies Notes  Analogies Graphic Organizer Analogies Graphic Organizer  Sampler Daily Analogies Sampler Daily Analogies  Understanding Analogies Understanding Analogies  Analogies Worksheet Analogies Worksheet  Analogies Dining Analogies Dining  Analogies Notes Analogies Notes  Analogies Graphic Organizer Analogies Graphic Organizer