Document 2004/03 18 th Session of COAG February 2004 COAG 18th Session – 9-10 Feb 2004

Joint FAO/WHO Expert Consultations  Fats and Oils in Human Nutrition, 1993  Carbohydrates in Human Nutrition, 1997  Vitamin & Mineral Requirements, 1998  Human Energy Requirements, 2001  Protein and Amino Acid Requirements, 2002  Diet, Nutrition and the Prevention of Chronic Diseases, 2003 COAG 18th Session – 9-10 Feb 2004

Deaths by regions, 2000 AccidentsNon-communicable DiseasesCommunicable diseases AFRICA Eastern Mediterranean EUROPESE-ASIAW.PACIFICAMERICAS % Source: WHO, World Health Report 2001 COAG 18th Session – 9-10 Feb 2004

Global burden of disease in developing countries 21% 14% 43% 22% 15% 9% 27% Infectious diseases Non Communicable Diseases Mental Illness % Injuries COAG 18th Session – 9-10 Feb 2004

Developing countries face double burden of under and over nutrition Poor maternal nutrition and low birth weight increases risk of obesity and NCDs later in life Poverty, hunger and undernutrition are linked to chronic diseases COAG 18th Session – 9-10 Feb 2004

Main recommendations of Expert Report Dietary factor Goal (% of total energy) Total fat % Saturated fatty acids<10% Total carbohydrate % Free sugars<10% Sodium chloride<5 g per day Fruits and vegetables>400 g per day Physical activity 60 minutes of walking/day COAG 18th Session – 9-10 Feb 2004

Recommendations of Expert Report Goals are recommendations on population averages Goals are not intended as regulatory targets Recommendations in keeping with recent advice provided by national and international reports COAG 18th Session – 9-10 Feb 2004

The COAG Document 2004/03 Provides preliminary assessment of possible implications for agriculture, food processing and marketing Edible oils and fats Sugar Cereals Fruits and vegetables Milk and meat Fish and fish products Food processing technologies and marketing Proposes follow-up actions Requests guidance from COAG COAG 18th Session – 9-10 Feb 2004

The COAG Document 2004/03 Follow-up in the context of on-going work...  Incorporate emerging scientific evidence on the double burden of hunger and over-nutrition  Inform and protect consumers  Promote the livelihoods of farmers and food processors given changing consumption patterns COAG 18th Session – 9-10 Feb 2004

The COAG Document 2004/03 Follow-up in the context of evolving areas...  Take stock of dietary patterns and their health implications  Interpret dietary goals in country-specific situations  Supporting innovation in food products  Examine food and agricultural policy options and actions COAG 18th Session – 9-10 Feb 2004

The COAG Document 2004/03 COAG’s approval is sought for FAO to... Strengthen work with WHO in nutrition and promotion of healthy diets Provide Members with advice and assistance in raising awareness of nutrition and healthy diets Assist Members in formulating and implementing policies and programmes for diversification of agricultural production COAG 18th Session – 9-10 Feb 2004

Changes in nutrient intake: Outlook to 2030 If business as usual continues... Briefing for COAG 18th Session

COAG Side Event Green Room 9 February :30 – 14:30 Briefing for COAG 18th Session Implications of dietary recommendations for the undernourished and developing countries Chair: Hartwig de Haen Implications of recommendations for developing countries Prof. Ricardo Uauy, INTA, Chile (Chair of Expert Consultation) Implications for the undernourished and links with chronic disease Prof. Alan Jackson, Univ Southampton, UK (Chair of Scientific Committee on Nutrition, UK) Implications for producers in developing countries Dr Don Mitchell, World Bank, Washington

Introduction of Document 2004/03 18 th Session of COAG 9 February 2004 Briefing for COAG 18th Session

The COAG Document 2004/03 If delegates so wish, additional information on trends and policy issues can be provided for Sugar Animal products Saturated fats and cholesterol Fruits and vegetables Briefing for COAG 18th Session

Comparison of national recommendations on sugar Chile:6 – 10% (1997) Finland< 10%(1999) Indonesia5% (2002) Japan < 5% ( ) Spain10 – 15%(2003) USA1800 Kcal: 7.1%(1996) 2000 Kcal: 8.0% 2400 Kcal: 9.3% 2800 Kcal: 10.2% Briefing for COAG 18th Session

Production: Developing countries are low-cost producers of sugar and have increased their global production share from 57% to 66% since Production for non-food use (esp. fuel) rapidly rising globally. Consumption: In developing countries, per capita consumption of sugar increased from 12 to ~20 kg/a over the past 40 years. In developed countries, consumption leveled-off in the 1970s at about 40-45kg/a. The share of calories from sugar is below 10 % (around 8%). Sugar consumption has increased in line with the dietary energy supply (DES) Considerable differences exist across countries. Selected facts and figures on sugar production and consumption Briefing for COAG 18th Session

Sugar: robust growth for food and non-food use in developing countries Briefing for COAG 18th Session

Possible impact of the sugar recommendations For the world sugar economy as a whole, a substantive and immediate impact is unlikely as: –the world average is still below 10% –changes in consumption take time The results from trade reform largely compatible with dietary changes: win-win situation. Impacts from trade reform more important than those from dietary change. Briefing for COAG 18th Session

The COAG Document 2004/03 If delegates so wish, additional information on trends and policy issues can be provided for Sugar Animal products Saturated fats and cholesterol Fruits and vegetables Briefing for COAG 18th Session

The COAG Document 2004/03 If delegates so wish, additional information on trends and policy issues can be provided for Sugar Animal products Saturated fats and cholesterol Fruits and vegetables Briefing for COAG 18th Session

Intake and recommendations for saturated fats and cholesterol Briefing for COAG 18th Session

The COAG Document 2004/03 If delegates so wish, additional information on trends and policy issues can be provided for Sugar Animal products Saturated fats and cholesterol Fruits and vegetables Briefing for COAG 18th Session

Recommendations for fruit and vegetable consumption Briefing for COAG 18th Session

Introduction of Document 2004/03 18 th Session of COAG 9 February 2004 Briefing for COAG 18th Session

Concept of a population nutrient goal Briefing for COAG 18th Session

Distinction between a population goal and an individual goal Briefing for COAG 18th Session

Selected facts about sugar policies Heavy support and protection in developed countries depresses world prices. As a result, producers in many developing countries stand to benefit from multilateral policy reform. But also preferential market access for some developing countries, notably through ACP and CBI agreements. Preference holders would be confronted with an erosion of their preference margins. Briefing for COAG 18th Session

Process of the Joint WHO/FAO Expert Consultation on “Diet, nutrition and prevention of chronic diseases” Previous Expert Consultation (TRS 797) and 1992 FAO/WHO International Conference on Nutrition Recognition of growing burden of NCDs in developing societies led to Expert Consultation 2002 Experts selected based on their scientific expertise 30 Experts, half of them from developing countries and countries in economic transition Draft report circulated for comments from research, industry and civil society; report redrafted Expert report (TRS 916) launched jointly by both Directors’-General of FAO & WHO in Rome (April 2003) COAG 18th Session – 9-10 Feb 2004

Summary and conclusions FAO and WHO regularly convene expert consultations on emerging diet and nutrition issues. This report is an element in this process. NCDs are becoming the most important health burden world-wide, including in developing countries. Hunger can induce obesity and NCDs. The expert report recommendations do not substantially differ from those issued by others. The recommendations have no regulatory role They present new challenges as well as new opportunities for food and agriculture. Briefing for COAG 18th Session

Document 2004/03 FAO’s proposed follow-up to the Expert Report on Diet and Health 18 th Session of COAG 9 February 2004 COAG 18th Session – 9-10 Feb 2004

Purpose of 18th session of COAG Review of Expert Report –17 th Session of COAG requested a review of the Expert Report on ‘Diet, Nutrition and the Prevention of Chronic Diseases’ Provide guidance on follow-up –124th Session of Council requested FAO’s proposal for follow-up COAG 18th Session – 9-10 Feb 2004

Joint FAO/WHO Expert Consultations  Fats and Oils in Human Nutrition, 1993  Carbohydrates in Human Nutrition, 1997  Vitamin & Mineral Requirements, 1998  Human Energy Requirements, 2001  Protein and Amino Acid Requirements, 2002  Diet, Nutrition and the Prevention of Chronic Diseases, 2003 COAG 18th Session – 9-10 Feb 2004

Deaths by regions, 2000 AccidentsNon-communicable DiseasesCommunicable diseases AFRICA Eastern Mediterranean EUROPESE-ASIAW.PACIFICAMERICAS % Source: WHO, World Health Report 2001 COAG 18th Session – 9-10 Feb 2004

Global burden of disease in developing countries 21% 14% 43% 22% 15% 9% 27% Infectious diseases Non Communicable Diseases Mental Illness % Injuries COAG 18th Session – 9-10 Feb 2004

Developing countries face double burden of under and over nutrition Poor maternal nutrition and low birth weight increases risk of obesity and NCDs later in life Poverty, hunger and undernutrition are linked to chronic diseases COAG 18th Session – 9-10 Feb 2004

Main recommendations of Expert Report Dietary factor Goal (% of total energy) Total fat % Saturated fatty acids<10% Total carbohydrate % Free sugars<10% Sodium chloride<5 g per day Fruits and vegetables>400 g per day Physical activity 60 minutes of walking/day COAG 18th Session – 9-10 Feb 2004

Recommendations of Expert Report Goals are recommendations on population averages. Goals are not intended as regulatory targets. Recommendations in keeping with recent advice provided by national and international reports. COAG 18th Session – 9-10 Feb 2004

The COAG Document 2004/03 Reviews the Expert Consultation Report; Provides preliminary assessment of possible implications for agriculture, food processing and marketing; Proposes follow-up actions; and Requests guidance from COAG. COAG 18th Session – 9-10 Feb 2004

The COAG Document 2004/03 Provides preliminary assessment of the implications of the recommendations on: –Edible oils and fats –Sugar –Cereals –Fruits and vegetables –Milk and meat –Fish and fish products –Food processing technologies and marketing COAG 18th Session – 9-10 Feb 2004

The COAG Document 2004/03 Proposed follow-up at FAO In the context of on-going work..  Incorporate emerging scientific evidence on hunger and over-nutrition;  Inform and protect consumers;  Promote the livelihoods of farmers and food processors given changing consumption patterns COAG 18th Session – 9-10 Feb 2004

The COAG Document 2004/03 Proposed follow-up at FAO In context of evolving areas..  Take stock of dietary patterns and their health implications;  Interpret dietary goals in country-specific situations;  Supporting innovation in food products; and  Examine food and agricultural policy options and actions. COAG 18th Session – 9-10 Feb 2004

The COAG Document 2004/03 COAG’s approval is sought for FAO to Strengthen work in nutrition and promotion of healthy diets; Provide Members with policy advice and technical assistance Assist Members in formulating and implementing policies and programmes COAG 18th Session – 9-10 Feb 2004

Changes in nutrient intake: Outlook to 2030 If business as usual continues... Briefing for COAG 18th Session

COAG Side Event Green Room 9 February :30 – 14:30 Briefing for COAG 18th Session Implications of dietary recommendations for the undernourished and for developing countries Chair: H. de Haen Implications of recommendations for developing countries Prof. Ricardo Uauy, INTA, Chile (Chair of Expert Consultation) Implications for the undernourished and links with chronic disease Prof. Alan Jackson, Univ Southampton, UK (Chair of Scientific Committee on Nutrition, UK) Implications for producers in developing countries Dr Don Mitchell, World Bank, Washington