Oscar E. Liburd Professor of Fruit and Veg. Entomology University of Florida Distribution and Management of Spotted Wing Drosophila in Florida Berry Crops

Objectives Create an awareness of SWD prevalence on fruit crops To teach hands-on skills in identifying, monitoring and managing SWD populations in berry crops To create an opportunity for open discussions with industry representatives, extension agents and growers Inform growers of the available resources for managing SWD

SWD Global Impact North America: Canada US > $2 B Mexico Central America: Costa Rica Asia: Japan $500 M China Thailand Taiwan North & South Korea Pakistan Russian Far East Myanmar India Europe: > $4 B Spain France Italy Germany Austria Slovenia Switzerland Croatia Belgium S. America: Ecuador

First Record of SWD in Florida First recorded in 2009 in in Hillsborough Co. > 28 Counties infested Economic losses in small fruits in 2013 was ~35 M

Spotted Wing Drosophila (SWD) Family Drosophilidae “Vinegar flies” “Fruit flies” “Pomace flies” Male Dark spots on wings Two bands on forelegs Female Serrated ovipositor No wing spots Male SWDFemale SWD sheets/spotted-wing-drosophila

SWD Lifecycle =165 Egg 1-3 days Larvae 5-7 days Pupae 4-15 days Adult days* Oviposition 1-2 days Fecundity eggs

SWD Survey: Blueberry Seasons

FarmsMean Number of SWD per trap February 10February 24March 10March 24Mean A00000 B C D E F00000 G00000 H I00000 J00000 K L M N O P Captures of SWD in strawberry fields in Hillsborough Co., FL 2014

Captures of SWD in strawberry fields in Bradford Co., FL 2014 Bradford County

Movement SWD population from woodlands into blueberry plantings F = 52.84; df = 1, 141, P <

SWD population dynamics throughout the year Major hosts: Black night shade, Wild blackberry, Wild grapes (Vitis sp), Sparkleberry (Vaccinium arboreum), Holly (Ilex sp), Fraser Photinia (Photinia x fraseri) O. Liburd

Suzukii Bait very specific Entry holes on the trap T. Nyoike New baits and traps for 2015 T. Nyoike No price yet $8.25 $0.5 Case for $74.95 Trece trap

Modifications in our trap design SWD traps

Trece trap and SWD bait/lure evaluation Treatments: 1.Yeast sugar water in Trece traps 2.Yeast sugar water in regular traps 3.Suzukii bait in Trece traps 4.Suzukii bait in regular traps 5.Pherocon Lures + soapy water T. Garrick Pherocon SWD Lures $4.50 a pair www. greatlakesipm.com Trece trap Suzukii bait Locally made trap

Baits & pherocon Lures performance F = 7.67; df = 4, 72, P <0.0001

New Insecticide Tool for SWD EXIREL™ insecticide Active ingredient - cyantraniliprole Group 28 insecticide Belongs to the chemical class of anthranilic diamides Depletes calcium in the cells preventing muscle contraction

IPM-compatible insecticides for SWD control 48h DAT

Developing a Rotational Spray Program for SWD * Compounds with long PHIs were applied before start of the harvesting period Trt No.Spray 1Spray 2Spray 3Spray 4 1DelegateMalathionMustang 2DelegateImidanMalathion 3DanitolDelegateMalathion 4 DelegateHero 5DelegateCyazypyr Delegate 6Entrust Pyganic 7Control

Discussion and Conclusions Flies were abundant in all of the blueberry sites (except 1) surveyed > 50% of the strawberry fields were infested with SWD The suzukii bait in Trece traps was equally attractive to SWD as the yeast-sugar bait Exirel performed as well or better than other standards in reducing SWD population

Acknowledgements FDACS Specialty Crop Block Grant FL Strawberry Growers Association (FSGA) Walmart Foundation Participating Growers (Alto Straughn) UF Fruit & Vegetable IPM Lab Grad. Students Lindsy Iglesias Chris Crockette Tamika Garrick Tola Dosunmu Post-Docs Janine Razze Elena Rhodes Shweta Sharma Oscar E. Liburd (352) Tel.