ADDBasics (2015) 3D-Printing Prof. Jouni Partanen Aalto University

Gartner Hype Cycle for Emerging Technologies

Medical Applications Pre-surgical planning Inert Implants Salmi M et al., ”Patient specific reconstruction with 3D modeling and DMLS additive manufacturing.” Rapid Prototyping Journal, 18:209-214, 2012.

3D-Printing – objects are made out of slices Stacking up 2D images you can make 3D objects Conceptually simple process – great for automation

3D-Printing Technologies – Stereolithography The mirror steers the laser beam to image one slice of the object Photocurable polymer Part moves down New layer is recoated

3D-Printing (Rapid Prototyping) in Product Development Commonplace technology since 1990s Automotive industry Aerospace Consumer Products

Design for function

Aerospace: Boeing

New Opportunities – Weight Optimization In 3D-Printing, complex objects can be made as easily as simple ones – ”complexity comes for free”

Dentistry Applications Invisible teeth aligners www.invisalign.com

3D-Printing can change the world: 3D-Printing as Production Concept (10 – 20 year horizon) Currently 3D-Printing is minute fraction of total production Global network Local manufacturing Fast, cost effective design change

Future Local Spare Part Production Potentially dramatic reduction of spare part inventories – spare parts are kept in digital form and printed when needed Electronic delivery to service locations Spare part printing at home J. Holmstrom, et al., "Rapid manufacturing in the spare parts supply chain: alternative approaches to capacity deployment,” J. Manuf. Tech. Managment, vol. 21, pp. 687 - 697 (2010).

ASTM-approved AM process terms Vat Photopolymerization Powder Bed Fusion Material Extrusion Material Jetting Binder Jetting Sheet Lamination Directed Energy Deposition

Vat Photopolymerization

Powder Bed Fusion http://www.custompartnet.com/wu/images/rapid-prototyping/sls.png

Material Extrusion http://www.custompartnet.com/wu/fused-deposition-modeling

Material Jetting http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/what-is-3d-printing-and-how-exactly-does-it-work/

Binder Jetting http://blog.nus.edu.sg/u0804594/common-rp-techniques/d-3dp/

Sheet Lamination http://www.custompartnet.com/wu/laminated-object-manufacturing

Directed Energy Deposition http://blog.cafefoundation.org/?p=8410

Dept of Engineering Research and Production Thank you! Jouni Partanen Aalto University Dept of Engineering Research and Production jouni.partanen@aalto.fi