Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine Careers in Medicine Doctor of Medicine Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine Physician Assistant

Promote optimal health and provide care during illness Their function is to: Promote optimal health and provide care during illness Provide the services of prevention, diagnosis, and treatment to their patients Work with their clients in a close or primary relationship to improve or maintain their health

Helpful High School Courses and Experiences High school students should study: Biology Chemistry Physics Math through the calculus level Anatomy & physiology World languages Health and related courses Participation in community and volunteer experiences is VERY helpful for admission into medical school. Healthcare volunteering, work experience, and shadowing physicians is very valuable.

Working Environment Hours- Physicians usually work 60 hours a week or more. Their hours are often irregular, and sometimes include evenings and weekends. Some physicians are frequently on-call in the event of an emergency situation, however, more and more physicians are joining networks or groups, which allow them to share in the responsibilities of on-call duties.

Doctor of Medicine M.D.’s are fully trained and licensed physicians who can specialize in family practice or in any other specific field of medicine.

Doctor of Medicine Physicians perform medical examinations, take histories, request lab studies, and order x-rays to diagnose and treat illnesses and injuries. Also known as allopathic physicians and MDs, they are licensed to perform surgery and prescribe medications.

Doctor of Medicine Other physicians work in research to find new ways to diagnose, control, and cure diseases. Physicians with their own practices must also oversee personnel, payroll, billing and other business related functions.

Areas of Specialization Doctor of Medicine Areas of Specialization Allergy and Immunology Anesthesiology Colon and Rectal Surgery Dermatology Emergency Medicine Family Practice Internal Medicine Medical Genetics Neurological Surgery Nuclear Medicine Obstetrics and Gynecology Ophthalmology Orthopaedic Surgery Otolaryngology Pathology Pediatrics Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Plastic Surgery Preventive Medicine Psychiatry and Neurology Radiology Surgery Thoracic Surgery Urology

Doctor of Medicine Work Environment Salary Community health centers HMO’s HIV/AIDS clinics Hospitals Indian Health Service Medical schools Military Prisons Private practices Public health departments Research facilities Substance abuse treatment     centers Urgent care centers Veterans' affairs Average Starting Salary (primary care physician) $110,600- $162,700 ($300, 000) Employment Information (WI) Number Employed in 2008: 14,640 Expected Employment in 2018: 16,050 Percent Employment Growth (2008-2018):      

Doctor of Medicine Academic Requirements A four-year undergraduate degree emphasizing the sciences and liberal arts is required to enter medical school. Some medical schools have early admissions programs, which allow more flexibility in course scheduling during the last two years of college. Medical schools also require applicants to take the Medical College Admission Test (MCAT).

Doctor of Medicine Academic Requirements Four years of medical school is required after receiving a bachelor’s degree. University of WI- Madison Medical College of WI- Milwaukee Some schools offer combined bachelor’s and medical degrees; training lasts from six to eight years. Students are accepted into this type of program directly from high school. Physicians undergo graduate medical training after completion of medical school. This is called a residency program and lasts from three to five years.

Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine D.O.’s are fully trained and licensed physicians who can specialize in family practice or in any other specific field of medicine. D.O’s have additional training in Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment, a hands-on treatment tool that focuses on the body’s structure and function, and its ability to help heal itself.

Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine A doctor of osteopathic medicine (DO) performs medical examinations, orders x-rays and  laboratory studies, performs surgery and prescribes medications to diagnose and treat illnesses and injuries. They are also known as osteopathic physicians. They emphasize the importance of prevention, diet, exercise, and environment in staying well, and the role that the musculoskeletal system (nerves, joints, muscles, and bones) plays in disease, illness, and injury. 

Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine Work Environment Salary Average Starting Salary $110,660 - $185,000 Employment Information (WI) Number Employed in 2008: 14,640 Expected Employment in 2018: 16,050 Percent Employment Growth (2008-2018): Community health centers Educational institutions Health maintenance organizations HIV/AIDS clinics Hospitals Military Private practices Public health departments Research facilities Substance abuse treatment centers Urgent care centers

Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine Academic Requirements A four-year undergraduate degree emphasizing the sciences and liberal arts is required to enter a school of osteopathic medicine. Osteopathic students must also take the Medical College Admission Test (MCAT) during college.

Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine Academic Requirements Osteopathic medical schools require four years of study beyond a bachelor’s degree. DOs then complete a one-year internship covering internal medicine, obstetrics, gynecology, family practice, pediatrics, and surgery. Schools They may choose a specialty and serve in a residency program from two to six years.

Physician Assistant Video clip

Physician Assistant Physician assistant (PA) provides both acute and routine health care for patients of all ages.  PAs practice medicine under the supervision of a physician, but can also perform independently in a variety of settings as well as work closely with their supervising physician in specialty care areas such as surgery.    PAs perform activities such as taking medical history, giving injections, treating wounds and counseling patients.

Additional Duties: Provide routine patient services traditionally performed by a physician Interview patients for medical histories, perform physical exams and laboratory tests, give injections, counsel patients, treat wounds and refer patients Assist doctors in conducting hospital rounds, developing and implementing patient management plans, and performing routine diagnostic procedures Work under supervision of doctors and present their findings to them Physician assistants' hours may vary depending upon where they work although it usually is a 40-hour work week. They may be on-call, and they may work evenings, early mornings, weekends and holidays.

Physician Assistant Work Environment Salary Average Starting Salary $68,096 ($115,000) Employment Information (WI) Number Employed in 2008: 1,670 Expected Employment in 2018: 2,120 Percent Employment Growth (2008-2018): 27% Expected Annual Openings: 80 Clinics Community health centers HMO’s Hospitals Medical colleges Military Nursing homes Pain management centers Physicians' offices Prisons Research Student health services Trauma centers

Physician Assistant Academic Requirements Most schools require a bachelor's degree and previous health care experience for entrance into a physician assistant program.  A master's degree is the entry level education standard for the profession. 

Physician Assistant Academic Requirements The program includes two years of classroom and laboratory instruction and clinical rotations in internal medicine, family medicine, pediatrics, obstetrics/ gynecology, emergency medicine, and geriatric medicine.  Educational Institutions Carroll University Marquette University University of Wisconsin - La Crosse University of Wisconsin – Madison By completing and passing a certification exam, one may use the title "Physician Assistant Certified" or PA-C. To remain certified, PA's must have 100 hours of Continuing Medical Education (CME) every 2 years and pass a recertification exam every 6 years.

Surgical Technologist Job Duties: Surgical technologists sometimes referred to as Operating Room Technicians become an integral member of the surgical team. They provide patient care before, during, and after surgery with a primary responsibility for maintaining the sterile field. They work in an operating room setting, under the direct supervision of registered nurses and surgeons.

Surgical Technologist Salary: Typical Salary Range (2010) (Wisconsin): $34,600 to $58,900 per year Typical Salary Range (2010) (National): $28,100 to $57,300 per year Employment Information (Wisconsin) Expected Employed in 2008: 2,660 Expected Employment in 2018: 3,330 Percent Employment Growth (2008 – 2018): 25% Expected Annual Openings: 130

Surgical Technologist Working conditions: Surgical technologists work in clean, well-lighted, cool environments. They must stand for long periods and remain alert during operations. At times they may be exposed to communicable diseases and unpleasant sights, odors, and materials. Surgical technologists usually work 40 hours a week. They may work rotating shifts during these times. They may work overtime, nights, weekends, and holidays. Usually, Surgical Technologist must be ready to work anytime while on call.

Surgical Technologist Academic Requirements Surgical technologists receive their training in formal programs offered by technical colleges, universities, hospitals, and the military. Most programs do not require more than a high school education for program entrance, but many do require applicants to have taken and passed prerequisite courses (usually in the basic sciences and medical terminology). Many surgical tech programs lead to a CST (Certificate in Surgical Technology) upon graduation, but approximately 40% of the available programs lead to an associate degree.

Surgical Technologist Academic Requirements Schools: Chippewa Valley Technical College Gateway Technical College Madison Area Technical College Mid-State Technical College Milwaukee Area Technical College Moraine Park Technical College Nicolet Area Technical College Northcentral Technical College Northeast Wisconsin Technical College Waukesha County Technical College Western Technical College

Medical Assistant Job Duties: Working conditions: Medical assistants perform routine administrative and clinical tasks to keep the offices and clinics of physicians, podiatrists, chiropractors, and optometrists running smoothly Working conditions: Medical assistants work in well-lighted, clean environments. They constantly interact with other people, and may have to handle several responsibilities at once. Usually work 40 hours a week. They can work rotating weekends and holidays

Medical Assistant Salary Typical Salary (WI) $23,300 to $38,000 per year. Typical Salary (N) $20,800 to $40,200 per year. Employment Information (Wisconsin) Number Employed in 2008: 9,860 Expected Employment in 2018: 11,960 Percent Employment Growth (2008-2018): 21% Expected Annual Openings: 320

Medical Assistant Academic Requirements Most employers prefer graduates of formal programs in medical assisting. Postsecondary programs usually last either 1 year, resulting in a certificate or diploma, or 2 years, resulting in an associate degree. Educational Institutions Blackhawk Technical College Chippewa Valley Technical College Concordia University Wisconsin Fox Valley Technical College Gateway Technical College Globe University - Appleton Lakeshore Technical College Madison Area Technical College Mid-State Technical College Milwaukee Area Technical College Moraine Park Technical College Northcentral Technical College Northeast Wisconsin Technical College Rasmussen College - Appleton Campus Waukesha County Technical College Western Technical College Wisconsin Indianhead Technical College - Ashland

Summary There are a variety of careers available in Medicine. Educational requirements vary by career and career level. Students interested in these careers should use the information provided here as a basis for a career plan. The student should also research the career further to complete a career plan. Career available in Medicine include: Chiropractor Doctor of Medicine Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine Physician Assistant Medical Assistant Surgical Technologists