RECTAS Trends in Surveying and Mapping in Nigeria Prof. Isi A. Ikhuoria Executive Director, RECTAS, Ile-Ife, Nigeria

Mapping Authorities Survey Framework and Techniques Education and Training Survey & Mapping Professionalism Resource survey and mapping Map & Survey Data Use: Colonial: Post-Colonial:

Mapping Authorities: o Directorate of Overseas Surveys in UK o Federal Surveys Department, Lagos, Nigeria Survey Framework and Techniques o Traditional tools ( field sketches by Dos ) o Geodetic controls ( analogue instruments ) o Aerial survey ( Canadian aid, 1940 s) o Regional Survey Departments o Densification of control networks Colonial:

Education and Training o In-house training o Training at DOS, UK o Survey School, Oyo (1908) Professionalism of Survey & Mapping o Survey School, Oyo (1908) o Nigerian Institution of Surveying (1934) o Registered Surveyors Colonial Regime (contd.)

Resource survey and mapping o planimetric mapping (< s) o topographic mapping (>1940 1:100,000, 1:50,000) o Geological survey and mapping o transportation and resource projects - roads and railway routes - mineral resource (coal, tin, etc) mining Maps & Survey Data Use - administration - planning - development and management Colonial Regime (contd.)

Map & Survey Data Use Administrative maps: o Colony of Lagos o Southern Protectorate [ Lt Henry Cook, et al from sketches of District officers (DOs) ], 1911 o Nigeria ( amalgamated ) o 3 Regions ( northern, eastern and western regions ) o Provinces

Planning o Forest reserve and plantations demarcation o Agricultural plantations ( cocoa, oil palm, rubber, etc ) o Townships ( cadastre, infrastructure ) Development and Management o Utilities, housing, infrastructure, etc Map & Survey Data Use ( contd. )

Post Colonial: Mapping Authorities: o DOS ( mapping of north-east till 1975 ) o Federal Surveys Department o Regional/State Survey Departments o Geological Survey Department o Forestry Department o National Population Commission o Private Sector ( petroleum industries ) o Regional Survey Departments o Densification of control networks

Post Colonial Regime (contd.) Survey Framework and Techniques o Geodetic controls ( analogue instruments ) o Aerial surveys ( Canadian aid, 1960s, Federal & State Govts. > 1970s. 1:2000, 1:6000, 1:10000, 1:25,000 photography ) o State Survey Departments o Densification of control networks o Use of satellite imagery (foreign sources) o NASRDA Space programme ( 32m, 5m-2.5m ) o 13 AFREF (GNSS core stations) o GSDI o GIS Policy

Post Colonial Regime ( contd. ) Education and Training o In-house training o Federal School of Surveying ( ND, HND, PGD ) o University Degree ( ABU, UNN, Unilag + 5 ) o Polytechnic ( Kadpoly + 4 ) o RECTAS ( 1972 ) - technician - technologist - PGD - MSc

Survey & Mapping Professionalism Professionals -Registered Surveyors (< 3000) -Photogrammetrist -Cartographers -Geographers -GIS Experts Professional Associations: -NIS, SURCON -Nigerian Cartographic Association -Geoinformation Society of Nigeria Yet to have official recognition at Federal & State Survey Offices

Planimetric ( population census ) Topographic ( digital conversion of 1:50,000, 1:25,000 ) Geology and mining Forestry ( plantations, landuse/landcover with radar ) Agriculture ( farm settlements, etc ) Petroleum, etc Resource Survey and Mapping

Maps & Survey Data Use Administration o Nigeria o States o Local Councils Planning o Forestry ( plantations, landuse - NigSat1 ) o Agriculture o Atlases, routes & navigation o Land administration ( AGIS, Lagos, EGIS,OGIS, NGIS )

Development and Management Utilities, housing, infratructure, etc Communication ( mobile phone ) Tourism, web-GIS ( Lagos state ) Marketing ( brewery products, etc ) Oil and gas ( inventory & services ) Health facilities Land reform Disaster management EIA

Challenges Potentials o GI technology diffusion o Critical mass of GI expertise RECTAS & other Institutions’ greater relevance  Capacity building  Research ( 3D GIS, Geospatial fusion, etc ) % 34 A B C D E Rate of adoption of Geoinformatics Time “critical mass” occurs

Conclusion Paradigm shift  knowledge exchange  indigenous content  e-governance  Land administration, reform ( 1:10000, 1:5000, 1:2000 )  Decision support systems