Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved Chapter 2 Methods for Describing Sets of Data.

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Presentation transcript:

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved Chapter 2 Methods for Describing Sets of Data

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved 2.1 Describing Qualitative Data

2 - 3 Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Definition

2 - 4 Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Definition

2 - 5 Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Definition

2 - 6 Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Table 2.1

2 - 7 Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Definition

2 - 8 Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Figure 2.1 SPSS summary table for types of aphasia

2 - 9 Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Figure 2.2 SAS bar graph for type of aphasia

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Figure 2.3 MINITAB pie chart for type of aphasia

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Figure 2.4 SPSS Pareto diagram for type of aphasia

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Definition

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Figure 2.5 SAS summary tables for DRUG and COMP

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Figure 2.6 MINITAB side-by-side bar graphs for COMP by value of DRUG

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Figure 2.7 SPSS summary tables for COMP by value of drug

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Figure SIA2.1a MINITAB pie charts for Gender, Disorder, and Dissatisfies with Looks

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Figure SIA2.1b MINITAB pie charts for Gender, Disorder, and Dissatisfies with Looks

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Figure SIA2.1c MINITAB pie charts for Gender, Disorder, and Dissatisfies with Looks

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Figure SIA2.2 MINITAB side-by-side pie charts for Dissatisfied with Looks by Gender

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Figure SIA2.3 MINITAB side-by-side Pie charts for Dissatisfied with Looks by Comorbid Disorder

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved 2.2 Graphical Methods for Describing Quantitative Data

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Table 2.2

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Figure 2.8 MINITAB dot plot for 100 EPA mileage ratings

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Figure 2.9 MINITAB stem-and-leaf display for 100 mileage ratings

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Figure 2.10 SPSS histogram for 100 EPA gas mileage ratings

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Table 2.3

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Figure 2.11 The effect of the size of a data set on the outline of a histogram

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Procedure

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Table 2.4

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Figure 2.12 SPSS histogram for task deviations

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Figure 2.13 MINITAB stem-and-leaf display for task deviations

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Definition

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Figure SIA2.4 MINITAB side-by-side histograms for Appearance Evaluation by Gender

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved 2.3 Summation Notation

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved 2.4 Numerical Measures of Central Tendency

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Figure 2.14 Numerical descriptive measures

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Definition

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Formula

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Figure 2.15 SAS numerical descriptive measures for 100 EPA gas mileages

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Definition

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Definition

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Figure 2.16 Location of the Median

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Procedure

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Definition

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Procedure

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Definition

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Figure 2.17 MINITAB descriptive statistics for earthquake data

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Figure 2.18a MINITAB Histogram for Magnitudes of Aftershocks

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Figure 2.18b MINITAB Histogram for Inter- Arrival Times of Aftershocks

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved 2.5 Numerical Measures of Variability

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Figure 2.19 Response time histograms for two drugs

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Definition

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Table 2.5

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Figure 2.20 Dot plots for deviations in Table 2.5

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Definition

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Formula

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Definition

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Definition

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Figure 2.21 Reproduction of SAS numerical descriptive measures for 100 EPA mileages

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved Interpreting the Standard Deviation 2.6

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Table 2.6

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Table 2.7

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Table 2.8

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Figure 2.22 MINITAB descriptive statistics for rat maze times

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Figure 2.23 MINITAB histogram of rat maze times

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Figure 2.24 The relation between the range and the standard deviation

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Figure 2.25 Battery life-length distribution: manufacturer’s claim assumed true

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Figure SIA2.5 MINITAB descriptive statistics for appearance evaluation by gender

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved Numerical Measures of Relative Standing 2.7

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Figure 2.26 Location of 90 th percentile for test grades

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Definition

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Figure 2.27 SPSS percentile statistics for water-level task deviations

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Figure 2.28 The quartile for a data set

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Definition

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Formula

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Figure 2.29 Verbal SAT scores of high school seniors

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Definition

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Figure 2.30 Population z-scores for a mound–shaped distribution

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved Methods for Detecting Outliers: Box plots and z-Scores 2.8

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Definition

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Definition

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Figure 2.31 Annotated MINITAB box plot for EPA gas mileages

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Definition

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Definition

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Figure 2.32 MINITAB box plot for water- level task deviations

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Table 2.9

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Figure 2.33 SAS box plots for reaction-time data

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Figure 2.34 Male salary distribution

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Procedure

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Figure SIA2.6 MINITAB box plots for Appearance Evaluation score by Gender

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved Graphing Bivariate Relationships (Optional) 2.9

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Figure 2.35 Scatterplot of cost vs. floor area

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Figure 2.36 Hypothetical bivariate relationship

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Table 2.10

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Figure 2.37 SPSS scatterplot for medical factors data in Table 2.10

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved Distorting the Truth with Descriptive Statistics 2.10

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Table 2.11

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Figure 2.38 MINITAB bar graph of vessel collisions by location

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Figure 2.39 SPSS bar graph of vessel collisions by location, with adjusted vertical axis

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Figure 2.40 Relative frequency of fatal motor vehicle accidents on each of four major highways

Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.. All rights reserved. Figure 2.41 Mileage distributions for two car models