Day 8 Complements Review Preview 5 sentence patterns + diagramming

Action Verb direct object none PredicatePredicate none NominativeAdjective Linking Verb indirect object

* What complements can you have with action verbs? Direct object and indirect object

* Will every action verb have a direct object complement? indirect object? No, actions verbs could have no D.O. Ex. She worked with clay. Ex. She worked here. No, indirect not necessary either Ex. She threw the ball.

* What complements can you have with linking verbs? Predicate nominatives and predicate adjectives

* Will every linking verb have a predicate nominative or adjective? No, linking verbs could have no P.N. or P.A. Ex. She will be here. Ex. She has been with them.

* What complements(s) are in this sentence, and what type(s) are they? Cold milk tastes good on a hot day. Predicate adjective - good

* What complements(s) are in this sentence, and what type(s) are they? My uncle repairs engines and sells them. Direct objects – engines, them Since there is a compound action verb there is the possibility of two direct objects one for repairs and one for sells

* What complements(s) are in this sentence, and what type(s) are they? The captain gave the crew and us orders. Compound Indirect object – crew,us Direct object - orders

* What complements(s) are in this sentence, and what type(s) are they? Bill Russell became a famous basketball player. Predicate nominative - player

* There are five basic sentence patterns in the English language. * We call them sentence patterns, but they are actually CLAUSE patterns. Independent and subordinate clauses will have one of these five patterns. * The patterns are named for subject, verb, and complements in the sentence

* REMEMBER – no major part of the sentence is in prepositional phrase * Not the SUBJECT * Not the VERB * Not the COMPLEMENT

Pattern NV N – a noun the subject V – followed by verb with no complement Ex. She worked with clay. Ex. The architectural plans are kept here. Ex. The mustard is with the catsup.

Pattern NVN N – a noun the SUBJECT V – with an ACTION verb N – and a noun(pronoun) the DIRECT OBJECT Ex. She plowed the soil. Ex. The cowboy has fed the horse and mule.

Pattern NVNN N – a noun the SUBJECT V – with an ACTION verb N – and a noun(pronoun) the INDIRECT OBJECT N – and a noun(pronoun) the DIRECT OBJECT Ex. The teacher taught us some Spanish words. Ex. The cowboy has fed the horse oats and hay.

Pattern NLVN N – a noun the SUBJECT LV – with an LINKING verb N – and a noun(pronoun) the PRED. NOMINATIVE Ex. The teacher was Mrs. Yokoyama. Ex. Mrs. Yokoyama became an actress and a singer.

Pattern NLVA N – a noun the SUBJECT LV – with an LINKING verb A – and an adjective the PREDICATE ADJECTIVE Ex. The teacher was furious. Ex. Mrs. Yokoyama became happy and satisfied.

* IMPORTANT – the N, V, LV, or A in a pattern stands for the job (not for a single word). For example, more than one word might be doing the job of subject, verb, or direct object. Ex. Bob and John will be trimming the bushes and trees. N – the subject is Bob, John V – the action verb is will be trimming N – the direct object is bushes, trees

* A sentence diagram is a picture of the job that each word or word group does in the sentence. * The basic diagram has two lines. There is a horizontal line for the subject, verb, and complement. There is a vertical line to separate the subject and the predicate. Subject Predicate = verb + complements

NV NVN NVNN NLVN and NLVA subjverb subj action verb dir obj ind obj linking verbPred nom or adj