5/30 Focus: 5/30 Focus: – The world’s first civilizations developed in River Valleys. – The people of these civilizations not only formed empires but developed writing and religious traditions Do Now: Do Now: – Identify one early form of writing

Day 2

Three common characteristics of river valley civilizations Similar Latitudes Annual flooding Long growing seasons/warm climates

Identify the civilization that each geographic characteristic is most closely associated. Nile River Valley Tigris & Euphrates Yellow River Indus River Monsoons Himalayas (2) Waterfalls and Sahara Desert Gobi Desert Hindu Kush Natural Barriers (3) Khyber Pass Fertile Crescent Unpredictable River flooding (3) Predictable Flooding (1) Lack of Natural Barriers

Identify the civilization that each term is associated with: Ziggurats Pyramids Mohenjo-Daro Harappa Dynastic Cycle Aryans Book of the Dead Hieroglyphics Cuneiform Oracle Bones Caste System Maurya and Gupta Empires Mandate of Heaven Hanging Gardens of Babylon Pharaohs Gilgamesh

1.These architectural achievements best indicate that A.advanced technology existed in early civilizations B.religion was of little importance C.entertainment was important to these ancient societies D.trade routes existed between China and the Americas

2.One similarity between the ancient civilizations in Egypt and in China is that they developed A.nomadic lifestyles B.monotheistic belief systems C.democratic governments D.written forms of communication

I. _______________________ Natural boundaries of desert, mountains, and the sea Yearly flooding to enrich farmlands Old and Middle Kingdoms Production of Papyrus plant 3.Which heading best completes this partial outline? A.Egypt-Gift of the Nile B.China’s Sorrow-Huang He River C.Harappa- City on the Indus D.Mesopotamia- Land Between the Rivers

Geography – Mountainous terrain led to the formation of __________________ – Greece is a __________________ surrounded by the Aegean, Ionian, and Mediterranean Sea – Coastline of Greece is irregular which gives them natural _________________ City States Peninsula Harbors

Athens Practiced direct democracy Citizens played a direct role in government Focused on education Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle emphasized philosophy and reason Sparta Focused on Military Education was focused on military training

Low hills and few natural barriers allowed for the Italian peninsula to be easily _________ Peninsula located in the ___________________Sea allowed for ______ and _______________ United Mediterranean Trade Expansion

Government in Rome was a _____________ – Citizens elected their officials to make laws Caesar became a _________________ and limited the power of the Senate Augustus Caesar became the first _________________ marking the end of the Republic Republic Dictator Emperor

1.What was one cause of the development of many small independent city-states in ancient Greece? A.Greece and Rome were often at war. B.The mountainous terrain of Greece resulted in widely scattered settlements. C.Military leaders found small Greek settlements easy to control. D.The Greek people had many different languages and religions.

2. In Western Europe, the Middle Ages began after the collapse of which empire? A.Mughal B.Ottoman C.Roman D.Byzantine

Establish legal standards/principles Provide a written set of Laws Create a stable society Examples: – Code of Hammurabi – Justinian’s Code – The Twelve Tables – 10 Commandments – Pillars of Asoka – Napoleonic Code

1.One way in which the Code of Hammurabi, the Twelve Tables, and Justinian Code are similar is that each: A.Legalized monotheistic beliefs B.Established legal standards C.Provided records of economic activity D.Supported republican government

2.One way in which the Twelve Tables and the Pillars of Asoka are similar is that both were intended to: A. create a stable society B.A means of achieving social equality C.The freedom of the pursue their own religion D.The right to a public education

Social Systems Tend to be hierarchal Power and wealth near the top – Least amount of people People at the bottom have little or no power – Most people

Hindu Caste System

Feudalism-Europe

Feudalism-Japan

Encomienda System