7 th SS Chapter 11 Section 1 [Greek] Religious Practices Pages Objectives: Students will be able describe how the Greeks honored their gods and goddesses.

Terms to Learn Oracles Prophecy Pancratium Pentathlon Philosophia Socratic Method Hypothesis Syllogism

I.Why its important The “ Classical Age of Greece “ The main theme here is Greek accomplishments, growing out of efforts to honor the gods, it helped shape world civilization. Examples, include their art, athletic games, thinking, the more they tried to honor their more world felt it. I.a. Religious Practices There was no one single Greek religion.

I.A. Religious Practices There was no one single Greek religion. Each city-state had their own gods that they honored and made sacrifices. B. Priest and priestesses often served as oracles, or persons who it was believed could speak with these gods. They would offer advice from the gods called prophecy, or vague statements of what might happen in the future. People would then have to decide to take the advice.

I.B. Gods and Goddesses of Mount Olympus. During the Golden Age they worshiped 12 gods and goddesses of Olympus and each had a specific duty to carry out. a. Most ancient people feared their gods, but the Greeks believed they were on earth to serve and obey their gods. Greeks placed importance on the worth of the individual. They had a great deal of self worth, so they could approach their gods with dignity.

b.The Greeks thought the temples were the home of the gods so they worshiped outside the temples as a sign of respect. c.The Greeks showed great respect for their gods with festivals and developed two major forms of worship; one was the Olympic games and the other was the theater.

Gods and goddesses Zeus; King of the gods, and weather Aphrodite; goddesses of love & beauty Apollo; god of the sun, truth, archery, music, medicine prophecy Ares; god of war Artemis; god of the moon, cities, hunter, animals, women Athena; wisdom, Athens, crafts, Demeter; crops, grain, fruit Dionysus; fertility, life, wild things Hephaestus; fire, artisans Hera; marriage children the home Hermes; orators, writers & bad guys Poseidon; sea earthquakes, horses

I.a. The Olympic Games. They would hold a festival in Olympia every four years to honor Zeus. b. This was the most important festival in Greece. Any wars were stopped and only men athletes came from all over, like Africa, Asia Minor, Italy, and women were not even allowed to watch. c. They had chariot races, and a boxing and wrestling match was held called a pancratium; no eye poking or biting allowed.

d. The pentathlon was a five event competition to determine the best athlete. They had to run, jump, throw a discus, wrestle, and hurl a javelin. The first Olympics was held in 776 B.C.

I.d. The Theater. a. These grew out of festivals given in honor of the god Dionysus. b. Way back in Ionia the Greeks told stories the speaker would give a soliloquy, or talk in which personal thought and feelings were expressed to the audience. c. A poet names Aeschylus ( es’ kuh luhs) added a character and told a longer story, thus developing what we know as a play.

d. The first plays were tragedies, or stories about suffering. e. Some of the writers were Aeschylus ( es’ kuh luhs) ; Sophocles [sahf’ uh klez] Euripides and they lived in Athens during the Golden Age. f. After the tragedy came the comedy, or happy ending plays. g. Plays lasted all day with tragedies in the morning and comedies in the afternoon, actors were all men (women could only watch.) They wore a mask to show the gender, age and mood of the actor. The mask had a funnel to carry their voices to the audience. They wore heavy clothes platform shoes to appear larger.

Complete questions page 185 Section 1 Assessment. #1-5