Chapter 10 Review

New West New Leaders

TIMELINE 1801: Jefferson becomes President 1803: Louisiana Purchase 1807: Embargo Act 1811: Tecumseh; Battle of Tippecanoe 1812: War of 1812 begins 1814: British burn Washington D.C.; Treaty of Ghent; Battle of New Orleans

Thomas Jefferson In 1801, he was elected the 3 rd U.S. President Democratic style: he wore casual clothes and shook hands when greeting people

Thomas Jefferson He believed the federal government should NOT play a major role in people’s lives

Thomas Jefferson Determined to reduce size and power of federal government He cut the federal budget

Thomas Jefferson By reducing military spending, he left the army & navy small and unprepared for the War of 1812

Judicial Review Strengthened the Supreme Court Marbury vs. Madison Ex.: Supreme Court rules if a new law violates the Constitution

Louisiana Purchase In 1803, most farmers shipped goods down the Mississippi River to New Orleans

Louisiana Purchase US purchased western territory from France French leader, Napoleon Bonaparte, needed money to finance his wars in Europe

Exploration Continues More land was now available for exploration and settlement Jefferson asked Congress for money to pay for an expedition to find out about this new territory

Lewis and Clark Jefferson formed expedition to explore new territory Looking for water route to the Pacific Ocean through the new territory

Lewis and Clark New route would benefit trade by giving a more direct route to markets in China and India

Lewis and Clark Expedition increased knowledge about Native American cultures & plant/animal life in American West

Zebulon Pike Explored southern portion of Louisiana Purchase Increased knowledge about lands in the Southwest

NATIVE AMERICANS With settlers move west, their use of resources threatened the Native American way of life Conflicts between settlers and Native Americans

Tecumseh “Uncommon Genius” Formed Indian Confederation to unite nations in resisting white settlers

American overseas trade grows Barbary pirates were capturing ships and cargo in Mediterranean Sea To prevent this, US required trade ships to be escorted by the Navy

American trade conflicts French and British both captured American ships and impressed the sailors Both disregarded American neutrality in their conflict

American trade conflicts Embargo Act: designed to hurt Britain and France, cutting off all trade But hurt US shipping American smuggling increased

American trade conflicts Nonintercourse Act: Allowed trade with all nations EXCEPT Britain and France Milder than Embargo Act

WAR HAWKS Members of Congress from South and West who wanted to declare war on Britain; Felix Grundy, Henry Clay “Advantages” of war: lead to greater American security and end of impressments

Doves Disagreed New England merchants disagreed with idea of war/loss of trade with Britain Hartford Convention: threatened secession if war continued

War of 1812 US military was not prepared for war against British navy Lake Erie: between territory controlled by American and those by British forces Battle of Lake Erie: American victory despite poor preparation

War of 1812 British troops burned Washington D.C. British bombarded Fort McHenry Star-Spangled Banner by Francis Scott Key

Treaty of Ghent Ended the War of 1812 Allowed restoration of pre- War of 1812 conditions

Battle of New Orleans Andrew Jackson led victory over British after the Treaty of Ghent had been signed Did NOT know that the treaty ending the War of 1812 had been signed.

Questions????? What allowed restoration of pre-War 1812 conditions? Nonintercourse Act Pinckney Treaty Treaty of Greenville Treaty of Ghent

Ended the War of 1812 Allowed restoration of pre- War of 1812 conditions

Questions????? What allowed all trade except with Britain and France? Nonintercourse Act Pinckney Treaty Treaty of Greenville Treaty of Ghent

American trade conflicts Nonintercourse Act: Allowed trade with all nations EXCEPT Britain and France Milder than Embargo Act

Questions????? What conflict was fought after the War of 1812 ended? Battle of Lake Erie Battle of New Orleans Battle of Tippecanoe Marbury v. Madison

Battle of New Orleans Andrew Jackson led victory over British after the Treaty of Ghent had been signed Did NOT know that the treaty ending the War of 1812 had been signed.

Questions????? What conflict resulted in establishing judicial review? Battle of Lake Erie Battle of New Orleans Battle of Tippecanoe Marbury v. Madison

Judicial Review Strengthened the Supreme Court Marbury vs. Madison

Questions????? What conflict resulted in victory despite poor preparation? Battle of Lake Erie Battle of New Orleans Battle of Tippecanoe Marbury v. Madison

War of 1812 US military was not prepared for war against British navy Battle of Lake Erie: American victory despite poor preparation

Questions????? From which foreign nation did the United States purchase Louisiana? France Spain Haiti Great Britain

Louisiana Purchase US purchased western territory from France French leader, Napoleon Bonaparte, needed money to finance his wars in Europe

Questions????? Why did conflicts between Native Americans and settlers grow after 1800? Settlers use of resources threated Native Americans way of life Native Americans demanded tribute from settlers Native Americans did not honor treaties with the U.S.

NATIVE AMERICANS With settlers move west, their use of resources threatened the Native American way of life

Questions????? What is the BEST example of Thomas Jefferson’s democratic style? He wore casual clothes and shook hands when greeting people His support of the French Revolution caused Federalists to worry He ate breakfast and Conrad and McMunn’s the morning of his inauguration

Thomas Jefferson He wore casual clothes and shook hands when greeting people.

Questions????? Which was NOT an effect of the Lewis and Clark expedition? Increased knowledge about plant & animal life in the West Immediate settlement of western lands by pioneers Increased knowledge about Native American cultures

Lewis and Clark Did NOT lead to immediate settlement of western lands by pioneers.

Questions????? Which was a result of the Embargo Act? It badly hurt American shipping & agriculture activities It led to Jefferson’s defeat in the 1808 election It increased American trade with non-European nations

American trade conflicts Embargo Act: designed to hurt Britain and France, cutting off all trade But hurt US shipping & agriculture activities American smuggling increased

Questions????? How did BOTH Britain and France disregard American neutrality? Both demanded a yearly tribute from the U.S. Both used an embargo to hinder American economic growth Both captured American ships bound for Europe.

American trade conflicts French and British both captured American ships and impressed the sailors.

Questions????? What summarizes the goal of Tecumseh’s Indian confederation? To use trade with settlers to improve their lives To return to the old way and unite the nations to resist white settlers To get money for their lands instead of losing them in battles

Tecumseh Formed Indian Confederation to unite nations in resisting white settlers

Questions????? What BEST reflects Jefferson’s determination to reduce size of federal government? He continued to pay state debts from federal funds He allowed many Federalists to keep their government jobs He cut the federal budget

Thomas Jefferson He cut the federal budget

Questions????? Lewis and Clark explored a water route to the Pacific Ocean. How would it have benefitted overseas trade? Would allow American ships to evade a blockade of East Coast harbors Would allow settlers to use the route to find new lands to farm Would provide a more direct route to markets in China and India

Lewis and Clark New route would benefit trade by giving a more direct route to markets in China and India.

Questions????? What were the conditions in the U.S. as it entered the War of 1812? Free market had produced a strong economy based on worldwide trade People from all regions of the country were united in favor of war A small army and navy lacked the training to face the British military

Thomas Jefferson By reducing military spending, he left the army & navy small and unprepared for the War of 1812

Questions????? What is an example of judicial review? Supreme Court rules that a new law violates the Constitution Decision by a lower court is appealed to the Supreme Court Congress votes to approve a Supreme Court appointment

Judicial Review Ex.: Supreme Court rules if a new law violates the Constitution

Questions????? What formed the route that most western farmers used to ship goods in 1803? Appalachian Mountains Mississippi River Continental Divide

Louisiana Purchase In 1803, most farmers shipped goods down the Mississippi River to New Orleans

Questions????? Who would have been hurt by a law requiring Yankee traders to be escorted by Navy ships? Barbary pirates Chinese and Indian Merchants French merchant ships

American overseas trade grows Barbary pirates were capturing ships and cargo in Mediterranean Sea To prevent this, US required trade ships to be escorted by the Navy

Questions????? Which of the statements does NOT reflect Jefferson’s belief about government? There are too many government employees The federal government should play a major role in people’s lives The U.S. Army and Navy are too large

Thomas Jefferson He believed the federal government should NOT play a major role in people’s lives

Questions????? Which statement is a result of the Embargo Act? A Federalist president was elected in 1808 Britain and France were forced to sign a peace treaty The volume of American smuggling increased

American trade conflicts Embargo Act: designed to hurt Britain and France, cutting off all trade But hurt US shipping American smuggling increased

Questions????? How did Britain and France violate the neutrality of American ships? Britain and France refused to trade with American ships British and French navies seized American ships Britain and France forced U.S. to trade ships for supplies

American trade conflicts French and British both captured American ships and impressed the sailors Both disregarded American neutrality in their conflict

Questions????? What is a reason that France sold Louisiana to the U.S.? Napoleon wanted to establish friendly relations with U.S. Napoleon wanted to reestablish American neutrality Napoleon needed money to finance wars in Europe

Louisiana Purchase US purchased western territory from France French leader, Napoleon Bonaparte, needed money to finance his wars in Europe

Questions????? What is the sequence of final events of the War of 1812? Treaty of Ghent, burning of Washington, D.C., Battle of New Orleans Battle at Fort McHenry, Battle of New Orleans, burning of Washington, D.C. Burning of Washington, D.C., signing of Treaty of Ghent, Battle of New Orleans

TIMELINE 1801: Jefferson becomes President 1803: Louisiana Purchase 1807: Embargo Act 1811: Tecumseh; Battle of Tippecanoe 1812: War of 1812 begins 1814: British burn Washington D.C.; Treaty of Ghent; Battle of New Orleans

Questions????? Why did New Englanders organize the Hartford Convention? To rally support for the War of 1812 To raise funds for the rebuilding of Washington, D.C. To threaten secession if the war continued

Doves Disagreed New England merchants disagreed with idea of war/loss of trade with Britain Hartford Convention: threatened secession if war continued

Questions????? How did Jefferson’s policies affect the preparedness of the U.S. for the War of 1812? Reduced military spending left the army and navy small and unprepared Reduction of states’ debts by the federal govt. left little money for mounting a war effort A laissez-faire economy produced large budget surpluses for the war.

Thomas Jefferson By reducing military spending, he left the army & navy small and unprepared for the War of 1812

Questions????? Which was a result of Zebulon Pike’s explorations? Friendly relations with the Mandan people Increased knowledge about lands in the Southwest Improved relations with Spain

Zebulon Pike Explored southern portion of Louisiana Purchase Increased knowledge about lands in the Southwest

Questions????? Who did William Henry Harrison describe as an “uncommon genius”? Chief Justice John Marshall Thomas Jefferson Tecumseh

“Uncommon Genius” Formed Indian Confederation to unite nations in resisting white settlers

Questions????? Felix Grundy said, “This war (of 1812), if carried on successfully, will have its advantages.” What can you conclude about Grundy? He had anti- nationalist sentiments He wanted peace at any cost He was a War Hawk

WAR HAWKS Members of Congress from South and West who wanted to declare war on Britain; Felix Grundy, Henry Clay

Questions????? What was probably NOT one of the “advantages” Grundy spoke about? End of impressment Greater security for Americans Increased trade with Britain

WAR HAWKS “Advantages” of war: war would lead to greater American security and end of impressments but would NOT lead to increased trade with Britain.

Questions????? Who would disagree with the War Hawks? A soldier in Indiana A merchant from New Hampshire A settler in Kentucky

Doves Disagreed New England merchants disagreed with idea of war/loss of trade with Britain Hartford Convention: threatened secession if war continued

Good Luck on Your Test!