Breaking the Accident Chain IHST Safety Workshop March 4, 2013

Agenda Breaking the Accident Chain Overview –FAA Case Scenario HTAWS Truths and Myths HTAWS – What you need to know Mandate Update

Breaking the Accident Chain NTSB Accident Number: NYC05MA039

Breaking the Accident Chain Mission: HEMS repositioning flight Departure point: Washington Hospital Center Helipad (DC08) – Washington DC Destination: Stafford Regional Airport (RMN) Stafford, VA Flight distance: 38 NM

Breaking the Accident Chain Weather at the accident site (DCA Automated Weather Observation): Winds calm, Visibility 10NM, Broken clouds at 13,000’ and 20,000’, Temperature 45° F, Dew point 36° F, Altimeter ************************************************** Moon Illumination: None

Pilot Information: Commercial Pilot – ASEL, AMEL, Rotorcraft Helicopter, Instrument Helicopter Medical: Current, Second Class Pilot Experience: 1500 hours total time 42 hours in the last 90 days 12 hours in the last 30 days 1 hour in the last 24 hours 71 night landings total Breaking the Accident Chain

Aircraft: Eurocopter EC-135 P2 AFTT: Hours Maintained IAW FAA approved aircraft inspection program. This aircraft was being flown with a properly deferred inoperative radar altimeter.

Breaking the Accident Chain Departed 2304 Followed Helicopter Route 1 along the Anacostia River to Helicopter Route 4 and then flew south along the Potomac River.

Breaking the Accident Chain “Washington tower traffic on a ten mile final is an Airbus” POINT A

Breaking the Accident Chain HTAWS with Traffic Display

Breaking the Accident Chain “Roger, we have him in sight and will be out of his way” POINT B

Breaking the Accident Chain FATAL DESCENT POINT C

Breaking the Accident Chain IMPACT POINT D

Breaking the Accident Chain Benefits of HTAWS Increase Situational Awareness by: Provides a display showing surrounding terrain, airports. Provides a display of obstacles (not all HTAWS display transmission lines). Provides a display of nearby traffic. Provides altitude awareness through the use of altitude callouts and GPWS alerts.

Summary: The best trained pilot can’t see everything. HTAWS contributes to situational awareness by helping the pilot to avoid dangers he may not see when he looks outside. Breaking the Accident Chain

Issues and Options Issues –Nuisance Alerts – Pilots turn the system off –Certification – what is required? –Installation –Safety vs. Budget –Liability in waiting to comply Options –Wire Database –3 arc data vs. 6 arc data –Radar Altimeter –Traffic Display –Display options –NVIS

Certified HTAWS Options

What to ask before you purchase What companies/OEM are using the manufacture’s HTAWS and what have been the results? How does the HTAWS system qualify for certification, technically? What is the cost of waiting to install –Liability –Availability and time limits –Certification headache – waste time and money

FAA Mandate Update MilestoneOriginally Scheduled Date New Projected Date Actual Date To OST1/04/2012 4/03/2012 To OMB2/06/ /14/2012 OMB Clearance 5/03/2012 3/15/2013 Publication Date 5/21/2012 3/29/2013

TSO – 2012 Proposed FAA Changes CHAPTER 3 AIRWORTHINESS STANDARDS NORMAL CATEGORY ROTORCRAFT MISCELLANEOUS GUIDANCE (MG) AC 27 MG 18. (HTAWS) g. Certification Requirements (6) System Performance Validation - The applicant should demonstrate that the performance of the HTAWS is suitable for each phase of flight (en route, terminal, approach, and low altitude mode)for which approval is sought. h. Installation Considerations. (1)Since the HTAWS display is not to be used for navigation, the use of the display should not impair the ability of the pilot to perform required navigation functions. An example of such impairment would be an installation that forces the pilot to choose between the HTAWS display and the needed navigation information in situations where both could be effectively used simultaneously and continuously

(i)located in pilots’ primary field of view, (v)compatibility evaluation of HTAWS equipment lighting with previous night vision imaging system (NVIS) lighting modifications and night vision goggle (NVG) compatibility. j. Flight Test Considerations. (i) Function performance in off-airfield operations. (ii) Performance of alerting displays and audio in all flight and lighting conditions. terrain. (iii) Performance of the reduced protection mode flown against obstacles and NOTE: Operations into off-airfield locations should not trigger nuisance alerts. TSO – 2012 Proposed FAA Changes

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