HUM 2461 Humanities of Latin America Fall 2013 Day th of October Attendance Dr. Zacarias and Brazilian’s conquest. Pre-Cultures in Florida Quizzes & mid term exam Homework#6 until Thursday Conquistadors in Florida

13, CE Florida Timucua, Calusa, Apalachee, and Tocobago peoples

Arrive to Florida from northern South America via the Caribbean island chain. Timucua people Settled in San Augustine

The Caribbean island chain

From 900 to about 1600 Tampa Bay Tocobaga Culture

circa 1600 and later Northen Florida Seminole Culture

Important facts (Spanish) 1513  Juan Ponce de León landed at St. Augustine, but he made no permanent settlement  Pánfilo de Narváez and his second-in-command, Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca arrived in Tampa Bay  Hernando de Soto undertook a disastrous exploration of Florida (especially the Bradenton and Tampa areas).

Important facts (Spanish) 1565  Pedro Menéndez de Avilés, Spanish massacres the French colonists at La Caroline and the survivors of Fort Caroline at Matanzas Bay  Pedro Menéndez de Avilés claims Miami as a possession of Spain  St. Augustine is reestablished on its current site  The Castillo de San Marcos (Fort Marion under the English and Americans) was built in its current form.

Fort La Caroline (St. John’s river)

Castillo de San Marcos

Important facts (Spanish) 1693  Spain declares by official royal edict that all African slaves who escape from the English colonies would become free upon arriving in Spanish Florida, converting to Roman Catholicism, and, for men, serving in the militia  The Spanish town and fort of Gracia Real de Santa Teresa de Mose (Fort Mose), first completely free black settlement in what would become USA territory, built two miles north of the Castillo in St. Augustine.

Fort Mose

Important facts (Spanish) 1740  Fort Mose destroyed by English slave owners and their Indian allies in an invasion from the Carolinas  Florida was ceded to England from Spain by the Treaty of Paris; Fort Mose reconstructed and resettled,  Henry Flagler built the Ponce de Leon Hotel. Fort Mose II is buried under water in the marshes to the right of the shown photo.

Important facts (French)  French Huguenot explorers and settlers (Jean Ribaut, René Gaumont de Laudonnière, et al) explore and settle Charlesfort at Parris Island and Fort La Caroline in Jacksonville.

Important facts (Missions) 1587  The Franciscan mission of Nombre de Dios is established in St. Augustine – “Fountain of Youth” 1606  La Misión San Francisco de Potano is located 8 miles NW of Gainesville, Florida. In northern and western Florida alone the Spanish government and church established some 50 missions.

Important facts (Gainesville)  The Franciscan mission of Santa Fe de Toloca was established north of Gainesville, Florida, on or near the Santa Fe river. This mission connected the camino real (royal highway) between St. Augustine and the San Luis de Apalachee mission in present-day Tallahassee (the Apalachee province of New Spain in the first Spanish period). (Santa Fe College was named for the river, but the mission had the same name.)

Important facts (Treaties)  Florida was ceded to England from Spain by the Treaty of Paris; Fort Mose reconstructed and resettled,  Florida ceded back to Spain by the Treaty of Versailles  Second Spanish period 1819  Florida was ceded to the USA by the Adams-Onís Treaty. The Treaty was proclaimed in  Florida becomes the 27 th state of the USA as a “slave state.”