Zinc Primers Jotun

Agenda Corrosion Corrosion protection with Zinc Technology Zinc epoxy versus Zinc silicate Zinc confusions Zinc content in Jotun zinc primers Barrier and Resist projects

Corrosion Corrosion is a reaction between Material and Surrounding environment …….under formation of corrosion products

Production and degradation of steel Reaction between the material and the surrounding environment takes place Plates, pipes, profiles, etc. Manufacturing Energy Water /Humidity Oxygen Raw material Iron ore Rust The presence of Water / Humidity and Oxygen is a prerequisite for corrosion of steel

Manufacturing / refining - brings the material to a higher energy level The resistance against oxidation (corrosion) varies for different materials When brought in contact with an electrolyte (aqueous solution that conducts electricity) some metals easily dissolve into ions. These are called “Base metals” “Noble metals” have a very strong resistance against corrosion and do not react to form ions unless exposed to very aggressive chemicals

Corrosion / degradation - brings the material "back" to the stable situation Corrosiveness in an environment increases or varies with: Temperature Salinity Oxygen content Water velocity Acidity Type of electrolyte Content of contaminants / pollution that promotes corrosion Micro-organisms Oxidation of metals is a natural process

Still the best ….. Cathodic protection Self repairing Zinc containing primers are still the best foundation for a long lasting advanced paint system Cathodic protection Self repairing Reducing risk of undercutting corrosion

The ability of providing cathodic protection Zinc primer Topcoat Superior adhesion prevents coating undercut Moisture allows Zinc to ionize and cathodically protecting the steel Damage in coating to steel surface The zinc primer reacts to protect the steel substrate when the topcoat is damaged Steel Zn 2+ Mid coat

Technologies Shopprimers Zinc epoxy primers Zinc silicate primers Preliminary corrosion protection Welding and burning properties Compatible with advanced paint systems Zinc epoxy primers Epoxy binder Primer on UHPWJ and blast cleaned steel Corrosion protection Primer in advanced paint systems Zinc silicate primers Silicate binder Primer on blast cleaned steel

Technologies – zinc shopprimers Binders Ethyl silicate Alkali silicate (water borne) Zinc content Low Medium Preliminary corrosion protection 6 – 14 months Welding and burning properties products tailored to productivity Compatible with advanced paint systems

Zinc shopprimers Muki Z 2001 Muki Z 3000 Muki Z WB-14 FW Generic type Low zinc silicate Medium zinc silicate Volume solids 28 % 62 % Protection time 6-8 months 8-10 months 12-14 months Recommended DFT 15-20 microns 15-25 microns Colours Green, red, grey Grey Weldability Excellent Good Optimum Cutability

Technologies - zinc primers The classification of zinc-rich primers refers to the binder Two different binders Silicate – inorganic (solvent borne and water borne) Epoxy – organic (solvent borne and water borne) In general the inorganic binders have better electrical conductivity than the organic binders and will give a metallic conductivity all through the coating Industry guidelines for minimum zinc requirements is given by organisations and specifications

Zinc silicates and zinc epoxies (Resist 86 and Barrier) Observations after maintenance work done under severe and difficult conditions in the Ekofisk field, North Sea Environments

Barrier + vinyl system Resist 86 + vinyl system An example of the difference between Zn silicates and zinc epoxies (Resist 86 and Barrier) Observations after maintenance work done under severe and difficult conditions in the Ekofisk field, North Sea Environments Barrier + vinyl system Resist 86 + vinyl system

9 years after last maintenance Barrier + vinyl system

9 years after last maintenance Resist 86 + vinyl system

9 years after last maintenance Barrier + vinyl system

9 years after last maintenance Resist 86 + vinyl system

9 years after last maintenance Barrier + vinyl system

9 years after last maintenance Resist 86 + vinyl system

Chemistry - zinc primers Inorganic : Network of zinc, oxygen and silicon atoms chemically bonded to each other and to the steel substrate Organic : Metallic zinc particles "floating" in a cured epoxy binder network. The high content of zinc ensures metallic contact between the zinc and the steel substrate, and between the individual zinc particles.

Properties - zinc epoxy Advantages Considerations Chemically curing Good corrosion protection Good adhesion Pre-treatment: UHPWJ to WJ2 or Sa 2½ Good mechanical strength May be recoated with all types of paint, except alkyd Dry heat resistant up to 120ºC Short over-coating time Temperature dependent 2-component (water borne 3-comp) Film thickness: 25 - 90 m Not acid- and alkaline resistant (Resistant between pH 6-10)

Where to use - zinc epoxy primers Ships Offshore Industry New constructions / Maintenance Exterior and interior, above and below water (as holding primer for underwater use 20-30 microns) Blast cleaning to UHPWJ WJ2 or Sa 2½ Segments Objects Surface preparation

Properties - zinc silicate primers Advantages Considerations Very good corrosion protection Very good solvent resistance Very high heath resistance (max 400oC) Very high mechanical strength Very good adhesion to blast cleaned steel Relatively good recoatability May be recoated with all types of paint, except Alkyd Requires humidity for curing 2-pack Max. DFT: 100 µm (alkalisilicate 200 µm ) At higher DFT tendency of mud-cracking or checking Curing to be checked before over-coating (ASTM 4752) Use a tie coat or mist-coat/full-coat technique for the first subsequent coat Shelf life : 6 months at 23ºC (alkali silicate 18 – 24 months)

Where to use - zinc silicate primers Segments Objects Surface preparation Ships Offshore Industry New constructions / (maintenance) Exterior above the waterline Tank coating and water ballast tank Blast cleaning to minimum Sa 2½

Jotun zinc primers Barrier 53 % Epoxy Barrier ZEP 54 % Barrier 77 Products Vol.solids Generic Type Barrier 53 % Epoxy Barrier ZEP 54 % Barrier 77 Barrier 90 WaterFine Barrier 56 % Epoxy - water borne Resist 78 72 % Ethyl-silicate, inorganic Resist 86 67 % Resist GTI Resist 5 WF 75 % Alkali-silicate, inorganic, water borne

Zinc - confusions…. “Zinc dust” 100% “Zinc” 98.5 % “Metallic zinc” 94%  Total zinc is the sum of all the zinc compounds in the formulation including: Zinc dust, zinc oxide, zinc phosphate etc. “Zinc dust” 100% - The raw material consists of… “Zinc” 98.5 % Other components like lead and other impurities: 1.5% “Metallic zinc” 94% “Zinc oxide” 4.5%

SSPC - Paint 20 Zinc rich Inorganic and Organic Zinc dust content Level 1 Zinc dust  85% weight in dry film Level 2 Zinc dust  77%, < 85% weight in dry film Level 3 Zinc dust  65%, < 77% weight in dry film Zinc dust quality according to ASTM D 520

ISO 12944 (and Norsok) Zinc dust content Zinc dust  80% weight in dry film Zinc dust quality according to ISO 3549

ASTM D 520 - levels for lead content Defines type of zinc dust for pigmentation of coatings Type I No max. level of lead content Type II High purity grade, max. 0,01% lead content by weight Type III Highest purity grade, max. 0,002% lead content by weight

Zinc in our epoxy primers * In addition to the zinc dust, 6% zinc oxide is added, giving Barrier a total zinc content of 86% Standard specification for zinc in Jotun products is ≤ 0.1% lead content Barrier, Barrier 77, Barrier 90 can be supplied with ASTM D520 Type II zinc dust

Zinc in our silicate primers Standard specification for zinc in Jotun products is ≤ 0.1% lead content All Resist products can be supplied with ASTM D520 Type II zinc dust

Barrier in projects Tianjin port, China 12 units of RMG Ivana B platform, one of several installations with Barrier on the Ivana field in The Adriatic Sea Kola Bridge, Russia

Resist in projects 3x660 MW power complex BARH STPP in India Guangzhou New International airport, China Essar Oil Refinery at Vadinar in Gujarat, India

Jotun Zinc Primers Protects Properties