HITTITE IMPERIAL PERIODS: ( BC)

Concurrently with the appearance of writing and wheel-produced pottery in Anatolia, a large group of immigrants arrived on the plateau. The Hattic civilization, along with other local principalities, fell to these Indo-European invaders known to history as the Hittites. The assimilation of Hatti and other Anatolian Bronze Age cultures, plus the eastern influences from the Assyrian trade relationships, added to the language and culture brought with the invaders from northwestern Europe and produced what is known as the Hittite civilization. Now Anatolian artifacts would have added features: antelopes, pigs, eagles, cats, snails, and sharply pointed boots. Ring seals with hieroglyphic writing combined with cuneiform script to make them easy to read, came into use. Ivory objects appear for the first time, especially of the Hittite fertility goddess, known as Kubaba. Hattusa, originally a Hattic settlement, became the Hittite capital of an empire which was, at the time, rivaled only by Egypt and Babylon. The twin bulls, representing the Storm God

HITTITE TWO MAN CHARIOT EGYPTIAN WAR CHARIOT

The Shasu spies shown being beaten by the Egyptians

Battle of Kadesh It took place in 1275 BCE in what is now southern Syria. The result was the first ever known treaty ending a war. The Hittites under Muwatalli II and Egyptians under Ramesses II agreed to mutually defend each other against all other enemies.

Treaty of the Battle of Kadesh File:Istanbul - Museo archeol. - Trattato di Qadesh fra ittiti ed egizi (1269 a.C.) - Foto G. Dall'Orto jpg

The Hanging Gardens of Babylon were a present to Nebuchadnezzar's wife that contained exotic plants and animals which were imported from all over the world. Babylon during the reign of Chaldean King Nebuchadnezzar had conquered and controlled virtually all of the then known world and he made use of these conquests in furnishing his garden with decor which made it become one of the seven wonders of the world.

The only remaining wonder of the ancient world, the Great Pyramid of Giza was built as a tomb around 2560 BC for the Egyptian Pharaoh Cheops of the Fourth Dynasty. Built over the course of 20 years, it stands at meters ( feet) and was the tallest man-man structure for more than 3,800 years. Great Pyramid of Cheops

The temple of Artemis at Ephesus A colossal wonder of marble and bronze dating back to the seventh century BC, the temple of Artemis of ancient Ephesus, in present day Turkey was a place of worship and a market place in one, catering to the everyday spiritual and material needs of faithful shoppers.

In his right hand a figure of Victory made from ivory and gold. In his left hand, his scepter inlaid with all metals, and an eagle perched on the scepter. The sandals of the god are made of gold, as is his robe. It built in 450 BCE in Olympia, on the west coast of modern Greece, about 150 km west of Athens, at the site of the ancient Olympic Games. Destroyed by fire in 462 CE in Constantinople. The Statue of Zeus at Olympia

The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus Built in 350 BCE in the city of Bodrum (f.k.a. Halicarnassus) on the Aegean Sea, in south-west Turkey by King Mausollos of Caria. A tribute state of the Persian Empire. Originally damaged by an earthquake, Crusaders used its stones to fortify their castle in 1522 CE.

Colossus of Rhodes Constructed to celebrate the unification of the Island of Rhodes' three city-states Ialysos, Kamiros, and Lindos, the colossus was a testament of resistance and willpower against the siege of Antigonids of Macedonia on the island. Built in 282 BCE, it stood at the entrance of the harbor but was destroyed by an earthquake in 226 BCE and never rebuilt.

The Lighthouse of Alexandria Shortly after the death of Alexander the Great, his commander Ptolemy Soter assumed power in Egypt. He had witnessed the founding of Alexandria, and established his capital there. Construction started in 290 BC and was completed after the death of Ptolemy and vanished after two major earthquakes in 1303 and 1323.