CARBON FOOTPRINT TOOL OF WASTE MANAGEMENT IN EUROPE 01/04/2014 Xavier Gabarrell, Joan Rieradevall, Pere Llorach Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB) Ramon Farreny, Carles M. Gaso l Inèdit Innovació SL

Introduction Why ? Basics of The tool Conclusions Carbon footprint tool of waste management in europe 2

Globally, the waste sector has a relatively small contribution to emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) (3-5% in 2005). However, the waste sector is in an unique position to move from a small source of global emissions to be a great saving of emissions. Prevention and recovery of waste (material and / or energy) avoids emissions in other sectors of the economy. Waste and Climate Change. Global Trends and Strategy Framework UNEP (2010) EU (27): million tones of CO 2 eq. (German Federal Environmental Agency, 2005) Catalonia: million tones of CO 2 eq. (Second Study Climate Change for Catalonia, Gabarrell et al., 2010) 3 Carbon footprint tool of waste management in europe Introduction

Need to develop a tool for calculating emissions of greenhouse gases associated to waste management at different levels In the frame of the project Support Sustainable Consumption and Production patterns in industrial areas “Its cornerstone is raising knowledge on SCP and fostering eco-innovation and competitiveness through transnational cooperation and especially through the CAPITALIZATION of main achievements, activities and cooperation practices already developed in the Mediterranean space” 4 Carbon footprint tool of waste management in europe WHY ?

solid waste managers academics consultants policy makers NGO’s The calculator has been adapted from for municipalities founded by the European Commission via the Zero Waste Project (1G-MED08-533). Is designed to calculate CO2 emissions in industrial areas of urban assimilable wastes (organic matter, glass, paper, metals, paper and cardboard). 5 Working in the solid waste field with access to comprehensive and up-to-date waste management data Carbon footprint tool of waste management in europe WHY ?

for municipalities 6 Carbon footprint tool of waste management in europe WHY ?

Tool for calculating the greenhouse gases emissions of waste treatment and management based on a limited amount of input data. Any user (waste manager, consultant, researchers) who has updated data of waste management of any company or industrial area Excel® available for free (online) – after partners acceptation 7 What it is? Who can used it? How? Carbon footprint tool of waste management in europe BASICS OF

To quantify and report greenhouse gases emissions. Can be useful to guide industrial areas waste management policies To evaluate alternative waste management schemes To calculate potentialities of GHG reductions 8 What for? Carbon footprint tool of waste management in europe BASICS OF

Which impacts are considered? 9 Collection + Transport Treatment Carbon footprint tool of waste management in europe BASICS OF

10 Which fractions and facilities? Mixed Waste Organic matter Glass Paper and cardboard MetalPlastic MBTXX COMPOSTINGX ANAEROBIC DIGESTION X LANDFILLX INCINERATIONX SELECTION AND RECYCLING XXXX Carbon footprint tool of waste management in europe BASICS OF

How are calculated the GHG emissions? 11 IPCC Method (Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories) for the degradation of organic matter and wastes combustion Sectorial data of energy consumption and efficiencies of facilities (i.e: material recoveries) Databases (i.e. ecoinvent) for the quantification of impacts The user can introduce local industrial area data if available to adjust the calculations to their reality Carbon footprint tool of waste management in europe BASICS OF

How are presented the GHG emissions? 12 Indirect emissions Avoided emissions Direct emissions Carbon footprint tool of waste management in europe BASICS OF

13 is a tool easy to use, which requires that the user follow a logic steps entering data However, there is a user guide which includes: user instructions methodological notes User guide Carbon footprint tool of waste management in europe BASICS OF

14 Carbon footprint tool of waste management in europe THE TOOL

15 What steps should be followed? Step 1. System of study Step 2. Description of the system Step 3. Waste composition Step 4. Reference indicators Step 5. Key parameters Step 6. Methods of calculation of landfill emissions Step 7. Credits of material and energy valorization Carbon footprint tool of waste management in europe THE TOOL

16 What steps should be followed? Trough different steps, the user introduces available data into the corresponding cells (type questionnaire) If there is a lack of information, it will be used default data obtained from literature. Default data is available at national level for Slovenia, Spain, Greece, Italy (project partners) and European Emisions electric mix (kg CO2/kWh)Biogas capture landfill (%) Greece % Italy % Slovenia % Spain % Europe % Carbon footprint tool of waste management in europe THE TOOL

17 1. System of study Carbon footprint tool of waste management in europe THE TOOL

2. Description of the system 18 Carbon footprint tool of waste management in europe THE TOOL

2. Description of the system 19 Carbon footprint tool of waste management in europe THE TOOL

2. Description of the system 20 Carbon footprint tool of waste management in europe THE TOOL

2. Description of the system 21 Carbon footprint tool of waste management in europe THE TOOL

2. Description of the system 22 Carbon footprint tool of waste management in europe THE TOOL

2. Description of the system 23 Carbon footprint tool of waste management in europe THE TOOL

2. Description of the system 24 Carbon footprint tool of waste management in europe THE TOOL

2. Description of the system 25 Carbon footprint tool of waste management in europe THE TOOL

2. Description of the system 26 Carbon footprint tool of waste management in europe THE TOOL

2. Description of the system 27 Carbon footprint tool of waste management in europe THE TOOL

2. Description of the system 28 Carbon footprint tool of waste management in europe THE TOOL

2. Description of the system 29 Carbon footprint tool of waste management in europe THE TOOL

3. Waste composition 30 Carbon footprint tool of waste management in europe THE TOOL

4. Reference indicators 31 Waste Directive(2008/98/EC):  recover/recycle ≥ 50% in 2020 Landfill Directive(99/31/EC):  reduce biodegradables to 35% from 1995 to  Waste without treatment = 0. Carbon footprint tool of waste management in europe THE TOOL

These parameters affect strongly the results of the carbon footprint Key parameters GasIPCC 1996IPCC 2001IPCC 2007 CO CH N2ON2O Carbon footprint tool of waste management in europe THE TOOL

6. Methods of calculation of landfill emissions 33 Carbon footprint tool of waste management in europe THE TOOL

6. Methods of calculation of landfill emissions 34 Option A Carbon footprint tool of waste management in europe THE TOOL

6. Methods of calculation of landfill emissions 35 Option B Carbon footprint tool of waste management in europe THE TOOL

7. Credits of material and energy valorization 36 Carbon footprint tool of waste management in europe THE TOOL

37 Results screen Carbon footprint tool of waste management in europe THE TOOL

38 Results screen Carbon footprint tool of waste management in europe THE TOOL

39 … is an easy tool to use and free access to calculate the carbon footprint of transport and treatment of urban waste for any user … provides a first approximation of the carbon footprint from raw data (waste generation) … provide an estimation of the potential GHG reductions (or additions) associated with the life cycle of waste management and the technological changes in the local waste operations … is suitable for evaluating waste management choices depending on waste management infrastructures and waste policies jointly with the quantification of GHG emissions from MSW management, which is essential to guide waste policy options and climate change solutions. Carbon footprint tool of waste management in europe CONCLUSIONS

40 … is an easy tool to use and free access to calculate the carbon footprint of transport and treatment of urban waste for any user … provides a first approximation of the carbon footprint from raw data (waste generation) … provide an estimation of the potential GHG reductions (or additions) associated with the life cycle of waste management and the technological changes in the local waste operations … is suitable for evaluating waste management choices depending on waste management infrastructures and waste policies jointly with the quantification of GHG emissions from MSW management, which is essential to guide waste policy options and climate change solutions. Carbon footprint tool of waste management in europe CONCLUSIONS

CARBON FOOTPRINT TOOL OF WASTE MANAGEMENT IN EUROPE 01/04/ MSc Pere Llorach (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona) Thank you for your attention!