An Energy Producing Resource Recovery Plant Concept © Copyright 2011, All Rights Reserved, Filtration Dynamics, Inc. Energy from Wastewater

Two Innovative Technologies Unique Centrifugal Wastewater Filtration Technology Breakthrough Anaerobic Digester Technology © Copyright 2011, All Rights Reserved, Filtration Dynamics, Inc.

Energy  The largest energy utility cost of any city becomes a profit center  A net energy advantage in excess of 3,000 kWh per million gallons (MG)  Wastewater treatment plants with flow rates of 5 million gallons per day or less can become energy positive Costs  New facilities & upgrades at 50% of typical costs  25% reduction in operational costs Size  80% less land required for treatment plants, recovering unused land  Indoor capable, volume adjustable, and scalable to allow satellites Operational  Avoids the creation of sludge and its associated costs  Isolates and concentrates energy latent organics Time  Converts organics to methane in minutes instead of days or weeks The FDI Advantages © Copyright 2011, All Rights Reserved, Filtration Dynamics, Inc.

`` Mixed Liquor Recycle Return Activated Sludge Secondary Sludge Gravity Belt Thickening Anaerobic Digestion Belt Filter Press Land Application Truck Haul Centrate Storage Filter Backwash Return Alum Excess Flow to CSO Treatment Primary Clarification Activated Sludge Secondary Clarification Ballasted Floculation Granular Media Filtration UV Disinfection Headworks Centrifuge Energy Intensive WW Treatment Plant Wastewater Treatment Processes Chemical Sludge Primary & Chemical Sludge Excess Flow to CSO Treatment Alum  Primary Clarification   Activated Sludge Mixed Liquor Recycle Secondary Clarification  Return Activated Sludge Secondary Sludge Ballasted Floculation  Alum Chemical Sludge Primary & Chemical Sludge Gravity Belt Thickening  Centrate Storage  Wastewater Treatment Processes Eliminated NOT TO SCALE Centrate Dewatered Sludge Storage at Application Site Truck Haul Dewatering Centrifuge     Energy Consumption per million gallons processed 2,500 kWh  Grit to Landfill © Copyright 2011, All Rights Reserved, Filtration Dynamics, Inc.

Volume Regulating Tank Headworks 300 μm Screen CWFS CWFS CWFS 30 μm μm Grit OUT > 300 μm Grit Energy Producing Resource Recovery Plant Dirty Water IN 0.5 MGD to 1.5 MGD Transforms Energy Intensive WWT Plant Grit to Landfill NOT TO SCALE © Copyright 2011, All Rights Reserved, Filtration Dynamics, Inc.

Headworks Volume Regulating Tank 300 μm Screen CWFS CWFS CWFS Filter Backwash Return UV Disinfection Granular Media Filtration > 300 μm Grit Clean Water OUT Energy Producing Resource Recovery Plant Energy Latent Organics 30 μm μm Grit OUT NOT TO SCALE Energy Latent Organics ( 0.2 µm – 30 µm) Anaerobic Digester Transforms Energy Intensive WWT Plant Dirty Water IN 0.5 MGD to 1.5 MGD Grit to Landfill © Copyright 2011, All Rights Reserved, Filtration Dynamics, Inc.

Micrometers (Log Scale) Ionic Range Molecular RangeMacro Molecular RangeMicro Particle RangeMacro Particle Range Filtration Dynamics Filtration Spectrum 10 Angstrom Units (Log Scale) Energy Latent Organics 0.2 μm 30 μm Relative Size of Common Organic Solids Dissolved Organics   Suspended Organics Giardia Cyst Cryp- to- spor- idium Protozoa BACTERIA Including: E.coli, Shigella, Salmonella, and Coliform © Copyright 2011, All Rights Reserved, Filtration Dynamics, Inc.

Headworks Volume Regulating Tank 300 μm Screen CWFS CWFS CWFS UV Disinfection Filter Backwash Return Granular Media Filtration > 300 μm Grit Energy Producing Resource Recovery Plant Energy From Organics 30 μm μm Grit OUT NOT TO SCALE Energy Latent Organics ( 0.2 µm – 30 µm) Anaerobic Digester Land Application Dewatering Centrifuge Centrate Class A Digestate Truck Haul Methane Electrical Generation Sell Electricity To Grid Difference: kWh Energy per 1 MG AD Production: 1,400 kWh Consumption: 750 kWh Dirty Water IN 0.5 MGD to 1.5 MGD Clean Water OUT Class A Digestate Grit to Landfill © Copyright 2011, All Rights Reserved, Filtration Dynamics, Inc.

Energy Producing Resource Recovery Plant  Volume Adjustable Carbon – Negative Footprint: 50 ' x 50 ' per MGD © Copyright 2011, All Rights Reserved, Filtration Dynamics, Inc. Unused Acreage is Recovered Resource Recovery Plant Occupies < 15 % of Typical WWTP Acreage Wastewater Treatment Plant Layout Indoor Capable  Scalable

Eliminate current electricity costs : 2,500 kWh/MG Produce : 1,400 kWh/MG Consume : – 750 kWh/MG Sell excess electricity to the grid : 650 kWh/MG Attain a net energy advantage : 3,150 kWh/MG The Resource Recovery Plant Concept Will: © Copyright 2011, All Rights Reserved, Filtration Dynamics, Inc.

(~ 1,000 Population) processing 0.1 MGD will realize a net energy advantage of 115,000 kWh annually. ( Equivalent to removing 91 tons of CO 2 from the atmosphere ) (~ 10,000 Population) processing 1 MGD will realize a net energy advantage of 1.15 million kWh annually. ( Equivalent to removing 910 tons of CO 2 from the atmosphere ) (~ 50,000 Population) processing 5 MGD will realize a net energy advantage of 5.75 million kWh annually. ( Equivalent to removing 4,550 tons of CO 2 from the atmosphere ) Energy Advantage — Any City, U.S.A. © Copyright 2011, All Rights Reserved, Filtration Dynamics, Inc.

Energy  The largest energy utility cost of any city becomes a profit center  A net energy advantage in excess of 3,000 kWh per million gallons (MG)  Wastewater treatment plants with flow rates of 5 million gallons per day or less can become energy positive Costs  New facilities & upgrades at 50% of typical costs  25% reduction in operational costs Size  80% less land required for treatment plants, recovering unused land  Indoor capable, volume adjustable, and scalable to allow satellites Operational  Avoids the creation of sludge and its associated costs  Isolates and concentrates energy latent organics Time  Converts organics to methane in minutes instead of days or weeks The FDI Advantages © Copyright 2011, All Rights Reserved, Filtration Dynamics, Inc.

To Transform Energy Intensive Wastewater Treatment Plants into Net - Energy Producing Resource Recovery Plants Filtration Dynamics Goal © Copyright 2011, All Rights Reserved, Filtration Dynamics, Inc.

Filtration Dynamics, Inc. P.O. Box 878 Los Gatos, CA © Copyright 2011, All Rights Reserved, Filtration Dynamics, Inc. Energy from Wastewater