Uses of a Corpus “[E]xplore actual patterns of language use” Develop “materials for classroom language instruction” Reppen, Randi & Rita Simpson. 2010. Corpus Linguistics. In Norbert Schmitt, editor, Chapter 6, pp. 89-105. An Introduction to Applied Linguistics, 2nd edition, pp. 53-69. London: Hodder Education, p. 89.

Characteristics of a Good Corpus large systematically assembled principled collection of natural texts often available to other researchers spoken and/or written language usually in electronic form can be tagged for use with text manipulation programs Reppen, Randi & Rita Simpson. 2010. Corpus Linguistics. In Norbert Schmitt, editor, Chapter 6, pp. 89-105. An Introduction to Applied Linguistics, 2nd edition, pp. 53-69. London: Hodder Education, pp. 89-91.

Corpus-Based Analyses of Language “1. It is empirical, analysing the actual patterns of use in natural texts. 2. It utilizes a large and principled collection of natural texts, known as a 'corpus', as the basis for analysis. 3. It makes extensive use of computers for analysis, using both automatic and interactive techniques. 4. It depends on both quantitative and qualitative analytical techniques. (From Biber, Conrad and Reppen, 1998: 4.)” Reppen, Randi & Rita Simpson. 2010. Corpus Linguistics. In Norbert Schmitt, editor, Chapter 6, pp. 89-105. An Introduction to Applied Linguistics, 2nd edition, pp. 53-69. London: Hodder Education, p. 89.

Selected Well-Know Corpora British National Corpus (BNC) Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA) Brown Corpus Lancaster/Oslo-Bergen (LOB) Corpus Helsinki Corpus of English Texts CANCODE (Cambridge and Nottingham Corpus of Discourse in English (“spoken discourse”) ICE (International Corpus of English (“for the study of national varieties of English”) Reppen, Randi & Rita Simpson. 2010. Corpus Linguistics. In Norbert Schmitt, editor, Chapter 6, pp. 89-105. An Introduction to Applied Linguistics, 2nd edition, pp. 53-69. London: Hodder Education, pp. 90-92.

Corpus Studies 1. Historical Language Change 2. Developmental Language Change (L1/L2) 3. Differences / Similarities in National / Regional Varieties 4. Differences between Spoken and Written Language 5. Characteristics of a Particular Register Reppen, Randi & Rita Simpson. 2010. Corpus Linguistics. In Norbert Schmitt, editor, Chapter 6, pp. 89-105. An Introduction to Applied Linguistics, 2nd edition, pp. 53-69. London: Hodder Education, pp. 100-101.

Corpus Studies and Language Teaching 1 1. Provides a basis for deciding which language features and structures are important. 2. Provides data about how various features and structures are used. a. Range of the features b. Lexical and pragmatic co-occurrence patterns 3. Evidence for teachers and materials writers for claims and inclusion 4. Teachers can shape instruction based on corpus-derived information Reppen, Randi & Rita Simpson. 2010. Corpus Linguistics. In Norbert Schmitt, editor, Chapter 6, pp. 89-105. An Introduction to Applied Linguistics, 2nd edition, pp. 53-69. London: Hodder Education, pp. 101-103.

Collocations: What verb can we use with MAFAN? ____ 麻煩

Corpus Studies and Language Teaching 2 5. Teachers can make their own enquiries for teaching needs 6. Learners can interact with corpora a. Exploring corpora b. Hands-on activities 7. Scanned texts can provide vocabulary learning priorities for a book a. Vocabulary studies may indicate a text should not be taught now Reppen, Randi & Rita Simpson. 2010. Corpus Linguistics. In Norbert Schmitt, editor, Chapter 6, pp. 89-105. An Introduction to Applied Linguistics, 2nd edition, pp. 53-69. London: Hodder Education, pp. 101-103.

Corpus Studies and Language Teaching 3 8. Frequency lists can be manipulated by students a. Assigning words to grammatical categories b. Transforming words through affixation 9. Concordances can help students understand the meaning and usage of words a. Distinguishing between apparent synonyms which collocate differently b. Fine-tuning word senses 10. Influence the production of teaching materials Reppen, Randi & Rita Simpson. 2010. Corpus Linguistics. In Norbert Schmitt, editor, Chapter 6, pp. 89-105. An Introduction to Applied Linguistics, 2nd edition, pp. 53-69. London: Hodder Education, pp. 101-103.